CS276887B6 - Process for increasing biomass micro-organisms growth rate, particularly yeast and fungi - Google Patents

Abstract

The method of increasing the biomass growth of microorganisms, in particular yeasts and fungi, and improving the physiological state of the cells is based on the addition of 0.1 to 3.0 wt. phospholipoproteins to the culture medium before or at a later stage of fermentation. Suitable phospholipoproteins contain 2 to 20 wt. fatty acid phosphorylation products of diacylglycerols and 98-80 wt. protein of plant or animal origin.

Description

The invention relates to a method for increasing the growth capacity and metabolic activity of microorganisms, in particular yeasts and fungi.

Commonly used stimulators of microorganism growth include a variety of metal ions, vitamins, nucleotides, essential amino acids, and more.

Lipoproteins known for their high nutritional value have similar effects (e.g. Otahura M., Kito M .: Agric. Biol. Chem. 47, 1907 (1983)). Lipoproteins and their components are used both as building blocks of living matter and as a source of energy. Their assimilation into the cell does not always require their previous hydrolysis into the basic components.

Other substances which increase the growth of microorganisms are phosphatidic acids, which have been shown (va et al .: Acta Universitatis Carolinae Medica 32, 141 (1986)) to be incorporated directly into the cell wall of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the form of salts with labeled metal ions. . The effectiveness of the addition of phospholipids (natural lecithins) on the stimulation of bacterial and yeast growth has been proven by other authors and is the subject of a patent. Lucas Meyer GmbH and Co., Hamburg (DE 3540721 C2, DE 3540721 A1, DE 3546511 C2). The disadvantage of phospholipids is their markedly hydrophobic character and therefore they are not easily dispersed in the hydrophilic culture medium.

The disadvantage is eliminated by the method of increasing the growth of yeast, fungal and bacterial boimases and improving the physiological state of the cells according to the invention, which consists in adding 0.1 to 3% by weight of phospholipoproteins to the culture medium before or during fermentation. Phospholipoproteins consist of 2 to 20% by weight of fatty acid diacylglycerol phosphorylation products and 98 to 80% by weight of proteins of plant or animal origin.

The use of phospholipoproteins to stimulate the growth and biological activity of microorganisms has numerous advantages over the use of phospholipids alone. Conjugation of phospholipids with proteins and amino acids produces significantly more hydrophilic products. They can be prepared in powder form, are well solubilizable and therefore much better applicable, especially in industrial use. The conjugation of lipids with proteins interacts with the original properties of both components. The phospholipid component is better cleaved by enzymes when conjugated to a protein. The experiments clearly showed a significantly greater stimulatory effect on the growth of microorganisms in conjugated forms than in isolated phospholipids and proteins or amino acids.

The better usability of phospholipoproteins is due not only to their chemical composition, but also to the physicochemical properties resulting from the characteristics of the interacting components. Phosphatidic acids prepared from diacylgylycerols derived from vegetable oils and animal fats are preferably used as lipid components of phospholipoproteins;

By applying complexes of proteins and phosphatidic acid, it is possible to significantly increase the operating yields and the quality of baker's feed yeast.

CS 276887 B6 2 /

/ and other microorganisms.

The invention is documented by way of non-limiting examples.

Example 1.

2.5 l of molasses soil containing about 1% by weight of carbohydrates, 0.85 g of superphosphate, 0.25 g / NH ₄ / HPO ₄ , 0.102 g of MgSO ₄ were added to a laboratory fermenter with a total volume of 5 l. 7H ₂ O and pH adjusted to 4.5 _{with H 2} SO _4. This base medium also contained 2% by weight, of a synthetic phospholipoprotein composed of 90% by weight, of egg white and 10% by weight, of phosphatidic acid derived from rapeseed oil. The medium was inoculated with 100 ml of inoculum prepared by suspending 25 g of pressed baker's yeast in 100 ml of sterile water. The fermentation was carried out for 24 h at pH 4.5, a temperature of 28 ° C, stirring at 4,000 rpm and aeration at 0.5 l / min. The increase in biomass was 195% by weight, compared to the increase on the control medium without phospholipoprotein preparation.

Example 2 To the basic medium mentioned in Example 1 was added 1% by weight of a complex consisting of 97% by weight of vital wheat gluten and 3% by weight of phosphatidic acid. Under the same inoculation and fermentation conditions, a 166% increase in biomass was obtained relative to the control.

Example 3

To the basic medium mentioned in Example 1 was added 1.5% by weight of a complex consisting of 85% by weight of milk proteins (skimmed milk powder) and 15% by weight of phosphatidic acids from soybean oil. Under the same inoculation and fermentation conditions as in Example 1, the biomass yield was more than doubled compared to the control.

Example 4

In the industrial production of baker's yeast from the molasses medium mentioned in Example 1, 0.2% by weight, a complex of 88% by weight, milk protein and 12% by weight of phosphorylated diacylglycerols from sunflower oil were applied to the second stage of the fermentation process. The increase in biomass compared to the control was 140% by weight.

Example 5

In the industrial production of baker's yeast, 0.1% by weight of a complex prepared from 90% by weight was added to the second generation stage (medium mentioned in Example 1, containing 2% by weight of inoculum). skimmed milk powder and 10% by weight of phosphorylated diacylglycerols from rapeseed oil. An increased increase in biomass in 10 to 20% by weight was observed in both the second and the expedition stage of yeast production.

Example 6

In the laboratory fermentation described in Example 1, the medium was inoculated with 100 ml of a similarly prepared inoculum from feed yeast.

Under the stated fermentation conditions, 70% by weight, more biomass, was obtained than in the control experiment without phospholipoproteins.

Example 7

2.5 l of culture medium containing 450 g of sucrose, 2.5 g of urea, 2 g of NH ₄ Cl, 1.25 g of MgSO ₄ .7H ₂ O, 0.4 g of KH were added to a laboratory fermenter with a total volume of 5 l. PO ₄ , 0.175 g KCl, 0.05 g MnSO / .7H ₂ O, 0.025 g Fe SO ₄ .7H ₂ O. To this culture medium was added 1% by weight of a complex prepared from 90% by weight of skimmed milk powder and 10% by weight of phosphorylated diacylglycerols from rapeseed oil.

The medium was inoculated with 10% of an inoculum of Aspergillus niger spores. The fermentation was carried out for 7 days at 28 ° C, initial pH 4, stirring 500 rpm, aeration 31 / min. Citric acid production increased by 7.5%.

Claims (2)

PATENT CLAIMS A method for increasing the biomass growth of microorganisms, in particular yeasts and fungi, and for improving the physiological state of the cells, characterized in that 0.1 to 3% by weight of phospholipoproteins are added to the culture medium before or during the fermentation. 2. The process according to claim 1, characterized in that the phospholipoproteins contain 2 to 20% by weight of phosphorylation products of diacylglycerols of fatty acids, for example phosphatidic acid, and 98 to 80% by weight, of proteins of plant or animal origin.