CS275719B6

CS275719B6 - Transistor Change

Info

Publication number: CS275719B6
Application number: CS899988A
Authority: CS
Inventors: Ladislav Ing Csc Vachal
Original assignee: Ladislav Ing Csc Vachal
Priority date: 1988-12-29
Filing date: 1988-12-29
Publication date: 1992-03-18
Also published as: CS8808999A2

Abstract

Jedná sa o zapojenie tranzistorového měniče urěenébg pre napájanie žiariviek z nízkonapěťových zdrojov. Činnosť zapojenia tranzistorového meniča je založena na riadení nabíjacieho prúdu časovacieho kondenzátora oscilátore tak, aby energia dodávaná do záťaže bola v určitom intervale napájaciebo napatia konštantná. Zapojenie je určené pre napájanie žiariviek - žiarlvkových trubic z elektrochemických zdrojov, (palubná sieť automobiloví, kde dochádza k velkým změnám napájaciebo napatia. Zapojenie zabezpečuje nízké opotrebovanie elektrod žiarivky, štartovateínost žiarivky pri nízkých prevádzkovýcb teplotách, signalizáciu poruchy světelného zdroje.It is a connection of a transistor inverter designed to power fluorescent lamps from low voltage sources. The wiring operation of the transistor converter is based on the control of the charging current of the oscillator timing capacitor so that the power supplied to the load is constant at a certain supply / voltage interval. The wiring is designed to power fluorescent lamps from electrochemical sources (onboard automotive network where there are major changes in power supply voltage. The wiring ensures low wattage of the fluorescent tubes, start-up of the fluorescent tube at low operating temperatures, signaling of light source failure).

Description

1 CS 275719 B61 CS 275719 B6

Vynález aa týká tranzistorového meniča vhodného, pre napájanie žiariviek zo zdro-jov nízkého jednosměrného napatia. V súčastnosti používané tranzistorové meniče určené pre napájanie žiariviekz elektrochemických zdrojov prúdu nezabezpečujú súčastne požiadavky na stály světelnývýkon žiarivky pri změnách napájacieho napatia vplyvom vybíjania elektrochemickýchzdrojov, spolehlivé zapálenie žiarivky pri nízkých teplotách s nízkým opotřebenímelektrod žiarivky, hospodárný chod meniča pri chodě naprázdno, signalizáciu poruchyv okruhu napájania žiarivky a adaptívnosí meniča k změnám parametrov žiarivky vply-vom teplotných zmien a stárnutia tak, aby nedochádzalo k podstatnému zhorŠovaniuúčinnosti meniča.The invention relates to a transistor converter suitable for supplying fluorescent lamps from low unidirectional voltage sources. Currently used transistor inverters designed for supplying fluorescent lamps from electrochemical sources of current do not provide simultaneous requirements for permanent light output of the fluorescent lamp when the supply voltage changes due to discharge of electrochemical sources, reliable ignition of the fluorescent lamp at low temperatures with low wear of the electrode of the fluorescent lamp, economical operation of the inverter during running, signaling of failure in the fluorescent circuit and adaptation of the converter to changes in fluorescent lamp parameters due to temperature changes and aging so as not to significantly impair the inverter efficiency.

Vyššie uvedené nedostatky sú odstraněné tranzistorovým meničom podlá vynálezu,ktorého podstata je v tom, že ku kladnej svorke zdroja je připojený jednak kolektorčasovacieho tranzistore a jednak rozběhový odpor, ktorý je druhou svorkou připojenýk emitoru časovacieho tranzistore a ten je připojený jednak k časovaciemu odporua jednak k spoločnej svorke vazbového odporu, druhého filtračného kondenzátora, anodyusmerňovacej diody, budiaceho vinutia, pričom druhá svorka budiaceho vinutia je spoje-ná jednak s katodou usmerňovacej diody a jednak s anodou stabilizačnej diody, ktorejkatoda je spojená jednak s druhou svorkou vazbového odporu a jednak s druhou svorkoudruhého filtračného kondenzátora a jednak so svorkou riadiaceho odporu, pričom druhásvorka riadiaceho odporu je spojená jednak s anodou druhej oddeíovacej diody a jednaks kolektorom riadiaceho tranzistore, pričom katoda druhej oddeíovacej diody je spoje-ná 8 bázou časovacieho tranzistore a emitor riadiaceho tranzistore je spojený jednakso zápornou svorkou zdroja a jednak s prvým snímacím odporom, ktorého druhá svorkaje spojená jednak so spoločnou svorkou vybíjacieho kondenzátora, nabíjacieho konden-zátora, blokovacieho vinutia, druhého snímacieho odporu, emitoru vybíjacieho tran-zistore, prvého filtračného kondenzátora, časovacieho kondenzátora a jednak s kato-dou druhej sníraacej diody, ktorej anoda je spojená jednak s bázou riadiaceho tran-zistore a jednak cez nastavovací odpor s anodou prvej snímacej diody, ktorej katodaje spojená jednak s kladnou svorkou zdroja a jednak s druhou svorkou prvého filtrač-ného kondenzátora a jednak s kolektorom spínacieho tranzistore cez výkonové vinutle,pričom emitor spínacieho tranzistore je spojený jednak s druhou svorkou druhého sní-macieho odporu a jednak s obmedzovacím odporom, ktorého druhá svorka je spojenájednak s anodou prvej oddeíovacej diody a jednak so svorkou prvého oddeíovaciehokondenzátora, ktorého druhá svorka je spojená jednak s katodou prvej oddelovacejdiody a jednak so svorkou blokovacieho odporu a jednak s bázou vybíjacieho tranzisto-ra, ktorého kolektor je spojený so svorkou vybíjacieho odporu, ktorého druhá svorkaje spojená jednak s riadiacou elektrodou spínacieho tranzistore a jednak s katodouochrannej diody, ktorej anoda je spojená cez vazbové vinutie jednak s druhou svorkoučasovacieho kondenzátora a jednak s druhou svorkou časovacieho odporu, pričom druhásvorka blokovacieho odporu je spojená jednak s druhou svorkou vybíjacieho kondenzáto-ra a jednak s katodou signalizačnej diody, ktorej anoda je spojená so svorkou diaku,ktorého druhá svorka je spojená jednak s druhou svorkou nabíjacieho kondenzátoraa jednak s katodou nabíjacej diody, ktorej anoda je spojená s druhou svorkou bloko-vaciebo vinutia cez nabíjací odpor, pričom svorka prvého žeraviaceho vinutia, je cezvlákno žiarivky spojená jednak s druhou svorkou prvého žeraviaceho vinutia a jednakso svorkou druhého oddeíovacieho kondenzátora, ktorého druhá svorka je spojená ceznapájacie vinutie jednak so svorkou druhého žeraviaceho vinutia a jednak so svorkousnímacieho vinutia, ktorého druhá svorka je cez druhé vlákno žiarivky spojená s dru-hou svorkou druhého žeraviaceho vinutia, pričom vazbové vinutie a výkonové viautiea blokovacie vinutie a prvé žeravisce vinutie a napájacie vinutie a druhé žeraviacevinutie tvoří výkonový transformátor a snímacie vinutie a budiace vinutie tvoří sníma-cí. transformátor. CS 275719 B6 2The aforementioned drawbacks are eliminated by the transistor converter according to the invention, which is characterized by the fact that the collector timing transistor is connected to the positive source terminal and the starting resistor, which is the second terminal of the timing transistor emitter connected to the timing resistor and the common the coupling resistor terminal, the second filter condenser, the anode rectifier diode, the winding winding, wherein the second field winding terminal is connected to both the cathode of the rectifier diode and the anode of the stabilizing diode, the cathode of which is connected to the second terminal of the resistive resistor and second to the second terminal filter. condenser and, on the other hand, with a control resistor terminal, wherein the control resistance coil is connected to both the anode of the second separating diode and the collector control transistor, wherein the cathode of the second separating diode is connected to the 8 timing transistor base and the emitter of the control transistor is coupled with the negative terminal of the source and with the first sensing resistor, the other terminal of which is connected to the common terminal of the discharge capacitor, the charging capacitor, the locking coil, the second sensing resistor, the emitter of the discharge transistor, the first filter capacitor , a timing capacitor and, on the other hand, a cathode of a second diode, the anode of which is coupled to a transistor control base and to an adjusting resistor with an anode of the first sensing diode, which is coupled to the positive terminal of the source and to the second terminal of the first filter. on the other hand, with the switching transistor collector through the power windings, wherein the emitter of the switching transistor is connected to the second terminal of the second resistive resistor and to the limiting resistor, the second terminal of which is connected to the anode of the first separating diode and the first resistor. a capacitor, the second terminal of which is connected to the cathode of the first compartment and to the terminal of the blocking resistor and to the base of the discharge transistor, the collector of which is connected to the terminal of the discharge resistor, the other of which is connected to the control electrode of the switching transistor and to the cathodic protection device a diode, the anode of which is connected via a wound winding to a second terminal timing capacitor and second to a second timing resistor terminal, wherein the second block of the blocking resistor is connected to the second terminal of the discharge capacitor and to the cathode of the signaling diode, the anode of which is connected to the terminal. , the second terminal of which is connected to the second terminal of the charging capacitor and to the cathode of the charging diode, the anode of which is connected to the second terminal of the blocking or winding via the charging resistance, the terminal of the first heating coil being filamentally connected to the other the first heater winding terminal and, secondly, the second separating capacitor terminal, the second terminal of which connects the power supply winding to the second heater coil terminal and the removable coil, the second terminal of which connects to the second heater coil second terminal via the second filament lamp; the winding and power viautiea blocking winding and the first winding heater and the power winding and the second heater are formed by a power transformer and the sensing winding and the field winding form a sensor. transformer. CS 275719 B6 2

Zapojenie je určené predovšetkým pre napájanie žiariviek s vačším príkonomz elektrochemických Zdrojov prúdu, u ktorých dóchádza k velkým změnám napájaciehonapatia vplyvom ich vybíjania. Výhoda zapojenia spočívá v tom, Že energia dodávanámeničom do žlarivky je v širokých medzlach napájacieho napatia málo závislá na na-pájacom napatí meniča a na změnách parametrov žiarivky, ktoré sú spíJsobené změnoupracovnej teploty a stárnutím žiarivky. Súčastne tranzistorový měnič zabezpečuje svo-jim zapojením nízké opotrebenie žiarivky, spolehlivé zapálenie žiarivky pri nízkýchteplotách, signalizáciu poruchy žiarivky, alebo jej chybnej montáže a hospodárný chodmeniča bez záíaže.The connection is intended primarily for supplying fluorescent lamps with greater power from electrochemical power sources, where large changes in power supply occur due to their discharge. The advantage of the circuitry is that the energy to the incandescent lamp in the wide supply voltage is little dependent on the supply voltage of the inverter and the changes in the parameters of the fluorescent lamp caused by the change in working temperature and the aging of the lamp. The transistor inverter also incorporates low-wattage, low-temperature, reliable fluorescent lamp failures, faulty fitting, and economical, no-load walkers.

Na pripojenom výkrese je zapojenie tranzistorového meniča, podlá vynálezu.In the accompanying drawing, there is provided a connection of a transistor converter according to the invention.

Tranzistorový měnič pozostáva zo zdroja £, ktoróho kladná svorka je připojenájednak ku kolektoru časovacieho tranzistore 2 a jednak k svorke rozběhového odporu2, ktorého druhá svorka je spojená k emitoru časovacieho tranzistore 2 a ten je při-pojený jednak k časovaciemu odporu 9 a jednak k spoločnej svorke vazbového odporu 39«druhého filtračného kondenzátora 38. anody usmerňovacej diody 36. budiaceho vinutia25, pričom druhá svorka budiaceho vinutia 22, 3® spojená jendak s katodou usmerňovacejdiody 36 a jednak s anodou stabilizačnej diody 37» ktorej katoda je spojená jednaks druhou svorkou vazbového odporu 39 a jednak s druhou svorkou druhého filtračnéhokondenzátora 38 a jednak so svorkou riadiaceho odporu 28, pričom druhá svorka riadia-ceho odporu 28 je spojená jednak s anodou druhej oddeíovacej diody 21 a jednak s ko-lektorem riadiaceho tranzistora 6, pričom katoda druhej oddeíovacej diody 21 je spo-jená s bázou časovacieho tranzistora 2a emitor riadiaceho tranzistora 6 je spojenýjednak so zápornou svorkou zdroja 1 a jednak s prvým snímacím odporom 8, ktoróhodruhá svorka je spojená jednak so spoločnou svorkou vybíjacieho kondenzátora 26, na-bijacieho kondenzátora 24, blokovacieho vinutia 40. druhého snímacieho odporu 20,emitora vybíjacieho tranzistora 16, prvého filtračného kondenzátora 10, časovaciehokondenzátora 11 a jednak s katodou druhej snímacej diody 7, ktorej anoda je spojenájednak s bázou riadiaceho tranzistora _6 a jednak cez nastavovací odpor 2 s anodouprvej snímacej diody £ ktorej katoda je spojená jednak s kladnou svorkou zdroja 1a jednak s druhou svorkou prvého filtračného kondenzátora 10 a jednak s kolektoromspínacieho tranzistora 15 cez výkonové vinutie 41, pričom emitor spínacieho tranzis-tora 15 je spojený jednak s druhou svorkou druhého snímacieho odporu 20 a jednaks obmedzovacím odporom 19, ktorého druhá svorka je spojená jednak s anodou prvejoddeíovacej diody 17 a jednak so svorkou prvého oddeíovacieho kondenzátora 18, kto-rého druhá svorka je spojená jednak s katodou prvej oddeíovacej diody 17 a jednak sosvorkou blokovacieho odporu 27 a jednak s bázou vybíjacieho tranzistora 16, ktoréhokolektor je spojený so svorkou vybíjacieho odporu 14, ktorého druhá svorka je spojenájednak s riadiacou elektrodou spínacieho tranzistora 15 a jednak s katodou ochrannejdiody 13, ktorej anoda je- spojená cez vazbové vinutie 12 jednak s druhou svorkou ča-sovacieho kondenzátora 11 a jednak s druhou svorkou časovacieho odporu 2» pričomdruhá svorka blokovacieho odporu 27 je spojená jednak s druhou svorkou vybíjaciehokondenzátora 26 a jednak s katodou signalizačnej diody £2, ktorej anoda je spojenáso svorkou diaku 25, ktorého druhá svorka je spojená jednak s druhou svorkou nabíja-cieho kondenzátora 2£ a jednak s katodou nabíjacej diody 23. ktorej anoda je spojenás druhou svorkou blokovacieho vinutia 40 cez nabíjací odpor 22, pričom svorka prvéhožeraviaceho vinutia 29 je cez vlákno žiarivky 22 spojená jednak s druhou svorkou pr-vého žeraviaceho vinutia 29 a jednak so svorkou druhého oddeíovacieho kondenzátora30. ktoróho druhá svorka je spojená cez napájacie vinutie 31 jednak so svorkou druhé-ho žeraviaceho vinutia 32 a jednak so svorkou snímacieho vinutia 34. ktorého druhásvorka je cez druhé vlákno žiarivky 33 spojená s druhou svorkou druhého žeraviacehovinutia 32. pričom vazbové vinutie 12 a výkonové vinutie 41 a blokovacie vinutie £0a prvé žeraviace vinutie 29 a napájacie vinutie 31 a druhé žeraviace vinutie 32 tvoří 3 CS 275719 B6 výkonový transformátor 43 a snímacie vinutie 3.4 a budiace vinutie 35 tvoří snímacítransformátor 44.The transistor transducer consists of a source 6, the positive terminal of which is connected to the timing transistor 2 collector, and to the starting resistor terminal 2, the second terminal of which is connected to the timing transistor emitter 2 and connected to the timing resistor 9 and the common terminal. the coupling resistor 39 ' of the second filter condenser 38 of the anode of the rectifier diode 36, wherein the second excitation coil terminal 22, 3 ' is connected to the cathode of the rectifier diode 36 and the anode of the stabilizing diode 37 ' whose cathode is connected to the other terminal of the resistor 39 and secondly with the second terminal of the second filter condenser 38 and with the terminal of the control resistor 28, the second terminal of the control resistor 28 being connected to the anode of the second separating diode 21 and to the co-driver of the control transistor 6, the cathode of the second separating diode 21 being associated with a timing transistor base 2a, the emitter of the control transistor 6 is coupled to the negative terminal of the source 1 and to the first sensing resistor 8, the second terminal being connected to a common terminal of the discharge capacitor 26, the charging capacitor 24, the locking winding 40 of the second sensor 20, the emitter of the discharge transistor. 16, the first filter condenser 10, the timing condenser 11 and, on the other hand, the cathode of the second sensing diode 7, the anode of which is connected to the base of the control transistor 6 and, on the other hand, via the adjusting resistor 2 with the anode of the first sensing diode, whose cathode is connected to the positive terminal of the source 1a. second terminal of the first filtering condenser 10 and, on the other hand, the collector switching transistor 15 through the power winding 41, wherein the emitter of the switching transistor 15 is connected to the second terminal of the second resistor 20 and the resistor 19, the second terminal of which is connected to the anode of the first separating resistor. the diode 17 and, on the other hand, the terminal of the first separating capacitor 18, the second terminal of which is connected to the cathode of the first separating diode 17 and to the terminal of the blocking resistor 27 and the base of the discharging transistor 16, the collector of which is connected to the discharge resistor terminal 14, the second terminal is connected to the control electrode of the switching transistor 15 and to the cathode of the protection line 13, the anode of which is connected via the coupling winding 12 to the second terminal of the capacitor 11 and to the second terminal of the resistor 2, the second terminal of the blocking resistor 27 being connected to the second terminal of the discharge condenser 26 and to the cathode of the signaling diode 42, the anode of which is connected to the terminal 25, the second terminal of which is connected to the second terminal of the charging capacitor 26 and to the cathode of the charging diode 23 of which the anode is connected by the second terminal of the locking winding 40 through the charging a resistor 22, wherein the terminal of the first heater winding 29 is connected via a filament lamp 22 to a second terminal of the first heater winding 29 and to a terminal of the second separating capacitor 30. wherein the second terminal is connected via the supply winding 31 to the terminal of the second heating winding 32 and to the terminal of the sensing winding 34, the latter of which is connected to the second terminal of the second heating element 32 via the second filament lamp 33, and the wound winding 12 and power winding 41 and the blocking winding 30a and the first wound winding 29 and the power winding 31 and the second wound winding 32 form a power transformer 43 and the sensing winding 3.4 and the winding winding 35 form a sensor transformer 44.

Do činnosti sa tranzistorový měnič podlá vynálezu uvedie připojením zdroja ,1,doisledkom čoho začne preohádzaí nabíjecí prúd cez rozběhový odpor 2 a časový odpor9 do časovaeieho kondensátora 11, čo sposobí narastanie napatia na časovom kondensá-tore 11. Napatie z časovaeieho kondenzátora 11 je připojené oez spatnovazbové vinu-tie 12 a ochranná diodu 13 na riadiacu elektrodu spínacieho tranzistora 15. ktorépo dosiahnutí otváraoej hodnoty napatia spínacieho tranzistora 15 sposobí prietokprúdu cez spínací tranzistor 15 a tým aj cez výkonové vinutie 41 a druhý snímací od-por 20, pričom na druhom snímacom odpore 20 vzniká úbytok napatia úměrný prechádza-júcemu prúdu, ktorý je přenesený cez obmedzovací odpor lg a prvú oddelovaciu diodu17 na bázu vybíjacieho tranzistora 16, čo spásobí otvorenie vybíjacieho tranzistora16 a začiatok vybíjania časovaeieho kondenzátora 11 cez spatnovazbové vinutie 12,ochranná diodu 12, vybíjecí odpor 14 a vybíjací tranzistor 16. Vzájomnou indukčnouvazbou medzi výkonovým vinutím 41 a spatnovazbovým vinutím 12 je sposobený rýchlynárast napatia na riadiacej elektróde spínacieho tranzistora 15, čo sposobí jehootvorenie do saturácie. Po vibití časovaeieho kondenzátora 11 dojde k zníženiu na-patia na riadiacej elektróde spínacieho tranzistora 15. čo sposobí pokles prúdu vovýkonovom vinutí 41 a vplyvom indukčnej vazby medzi výkonovým vinutím 41 a spatno-vazbovým vinutím 12 uzatvorenie vybíjacieho tranzistora 16 a spínacieho tranzistora15. Tranzistorový měnič sa rozkmitá. Vplyvom periodického přechodu prúdu cez výkono-vé vinutie 41 dochádza k indukci! napatia do prvého žeraviaceho vinutia 29. a druhé-ho žeraviaceho vinutia 22 a napájacieho vinutia 31. čo spGsobí přechod prúdu cezsnímacie vinutie 34 a snímacieho transformátora 44 a vláknami žiarivky 33. Do budia-ceho vinutia 35 snímacieho transformátora 44 je indukované napatie, ktoré je urner-nené usmerňovacou diodou 36 a stabilizované stabilizačnou diodou 37 a vyfiltrovanédruhým filtračným kondenzátorom 38 a je přivedené na bázu časovaeieho tranzistora2 cez riadiaci odpor 28 a druhů oddelovaciu diodu 21. čo sposobí otvorenie časova-cieho tranzistora 2 a tým aj prudký náraz frekvencie meniča a jeho odběru prúdu zozdroja 1, čo je snímané prvým snímacím odporom 8. Indukované napatie v napájacomvinutí 31 přivedené cez druhý oddělovací kondenzátor 30 na elektrody žiarivky 22»spohobí zapálenie žiarivky 22· Ak súčet úbytkov napatie na prvom snímacom odpore 8a druhéj snímačej diodě 7 dosiahne hodnotu otváracieho napatia riadiaceho tranzisto-ra 6, začne preohádzaí riadiacim tranzistorom £ prúd, čo sposobí uzatváranie časo-vacieho tranzistora 2 a stabilizáciu odběru prúdu meniča zo zdroja 1. Změna napája-cieho napatia zdroja 1 sposobí změnu predchádzajúceho prúdu cez prvú snímaciu diodu4 a nastavovací odpor £, čoho dSsledkom bude změna prúdu cez druhů snímaciu diodu7. Změna prúdu cez druhů snímaciu diodu 7 sp&aobí změnu napatia na druhej snímacejdiodě X a tým aj změnu odběru prúdu meniča zo zdroja 1 tak, že příkon meniča budemálo závislý na zmene napájacieho napatia zdroja 1 v širokej oblasti , čo zabezpečílen malé změny světelného výkonu žiarivky 33 v danom intervale napájacieho napatiazdroja 1. V případe, že měnič nie je zaíažený žiarivkou 33. v dosledku nesprávnej montáže,alebo poruchy žiarivky 22» vzniká v blokovacom vinutí napatie takej hodnoty, ktorénabije nabíjecí kondenzátor 24 cez nabíjací odpor 22 a nabíjaciu diodu 23 na hodno-tu, ktorá otvorí diak 2£ a sposobí vybitie nabíjacieho kondenzátora 24 do vybíjaciehokondenzátora 26. Náboj vybíjacieho kondenzátora 26 sa vybíja cez blokovací odpor27 do bázy vybíjacieho tranzistora 16» čo spSeobí zablokovanie meniča. Po vybitívybíjacieho kondenzátora 26, sa měnič znovu rozkmitá a dej pokračuje v pravidelnýchintervaloch až do doby, pokiaí nepoklesne hodnota napatia na blokovacom vinutí 40pod hodnotu otváracieho napatia v diaku 25. Každé otvorenie diaku 25 je signalizo-vané krátkým rozsvietením signalizačnej diody 42, ktoré signalizuje porucha světel-ného zdroja. Nabíjací odpor 22 zabezpečuje obmedzenie prúdu a tým aj zhasínanieThe transistor transducer according to the invention is actuated by connecting a source 1, as a result of which it starts to recharge the charging current through the start resistor 2 and the time resistor 9 into the timing condenser 11, which causes the voltage to increase at the time condenser 11. The voltage from the timing capacitor 11 is connected to the resistor. a feedback winding 12 and a protective diode 13 on the control electrode of the switching transistor 15 which, when reaching the opening voltage value of the switching transistor 15, causes the current to flow through the switching transistor 15 and thereby through the power winding 41 and the second sensing resistor 20, while on the second sensing resistance 20 results in a voltage drop proportional to the current passing through the limiting resistor 1g and the first decoupling diode17 to the base of the discharging transistor 16, which causes the discharge transistor 16 to open and the discharge of the timing capacitor 11 through the winding 12, the protective diode 12, to choose a resistor 14 and a discharging transistor 16. Mutual inductive coupling between the power winding 41 and the feedback winding 12 is caused by a rapid voltage rise at the control electrode of the switching transistor 15, which causes its opening to saturation. Upon vibration of the timing capacitor 11, a lowering of the voltage on the control electrode of the switching transistor 15 causes a drop in the current in the power winding 41 and, due to the inductive coupling between the power winding 41 and the low winding winding 12, the discharge transistor 16 and the switching transistor 15. The transistor converter vibrates. Due to the periodic transition of the current through the power winding 41, induction occurs! tensioning to the first heater winding 29 and the second heater winding 22 and the power winding 31 to cause the current of the transducer winding 34 and the sensing transformer 44 to pass through the filaments of the fluorescent lamp 33. The excitation winding 35 of the sensing transformer 44 is induced urinated by a rectifier diode 36 and stabilized by a stabilizing diode 37 and filtered by a second filter capacitor 38 and is applied to the timing transistor 2 via a control resistor 28 and a kind of a diode 21 which causes the timing transistor 2 to open and thereby a sudden impact frequency of the converter and its the current from the source 1, which is sensed by the first sensing resistor 8. Induced voltage in the supplying device 31 fed through the second separating capacitor 30 to the electrodes of the fluorescent lamp 22 ' will initiate ignition of the fluorescent lamp 22 · If the sum of the voltage drops at the first sensing resistor 8a and the second sensor diode 7 reaches the opening value napatia control transistor 6, starts to drive current through transistor 6, which causes the timing transistor 2 to close and the converter current to be stabilized from source 1. Changing the power supply voltage 1 causes the previous current to change through the first sensing diode 4 and the resistor 6, which will result in a change in current through the types of the diode 7. Changing the current through the types of the diode 7 sp & a will change the voltage at the second sensing diode X, thereby changing the current draw of the transducer from the source 1 such that the power of the transducer will depend on changing the power supply voltage of the source 1 in a wide area, thus ensuring a small change in the light output of the fluorescent lamp 33 in the given supply voltage range of the source 1. In the event that the converter is not loaded by the fluorescent lamp 33, due to improper mounting or failure of the fluorescent lamp 22, a voltage is generated in the blocking winding which charges the charging capacitor 24 through the charging resistor 22 and the charging diode 23 to a value that opens the dial 28 and discharges the charging capacitor 24 to the discharge capacitor 26. The charge of the discharge capacitor 26 discharges through the blocking resistor 27 to the base of the discharging transistor 16 which causes the converter to lock. After the discharge capacitor 26 has been discharged, the transducer oscillates again and continues to run at regular intervals until the voltage on the locking winding 40 is lowered to the value of the opening voltage at the distance 25. Each opening of the remote 25 is signaled by a brief illumination of the signaling diode 42 signaling the fault light source. The charging resistor 22 provides current limitation and thus the extinguishing

Claims

CS 275719 B6 4 The first separation diode 17 provides a separation of the discharge current from the discharge capacitor 26 so that it is not short-circuited through the limiting resistor 19 and the second sensing resistor 20. The first decoupling capacitor 18 provides transmission of the alternating resistor from the second resistor 20 via the limiting resistor. 19, which limits the maximum base current of the discharge transistor 16. The second decoupling capacitor 30 separates the unidirectional component of the fluorescent lamp power supply 22 thereby eliminating the one-sided wear of the lamp electrodes 33. The binding resistor 39 provides a one-way link between the emitter of the timing transistor 2 and the collector of the control transistor 6, the other the separation diode 21 shifts the unidirectional voltage level applied to the control electrode of the switching transistor 15 so that the voltage drop across the second resistive resistor 20 is triggered by the preceding current through the switching transistor 15 to engage the opening of the transistor istora 16 and thus the oscillation of the annulus. The protective diode 13 protects the control electrode of the switching transistor 15 against the voltage surge occurring in the post-winding 12. The connection of the transistor converter according to the invention is preferably used in particular in fluorescent lamps intended for mounting in motor vehicles where there are relatively large changes in the supply voltage. voltage and operating temperatures. PATENT REQUIREMENTS A transistor transducer, characterized in that a timing transistor collector (2) is connected to the positive terminal of the source (1) and a start resistor (3), which is the second terminal connected to the timing transistor emitter (2) and that is coupled to a timing resistor (9) and to a common resistor terminal (39), a second filter condenser (38), an anode of a rectifier diode (36), an excitation coil (35), and a second excitation coil terminal (35) is connected to the cathode of the rectifier diode (36) and to the anode of the stabilizing diode (37), the cathode of which is connected to the second terminal of the resistor (39) and to the second terminal of the second filter capacitor (38) and to the control resistor terminal (28) wherein the second control resistor terminal (28) is connected to the anode of the second divider diode (21) and to the collector control transistor (6), wherein the second detector diode cathode (21) is a junction The base of the timing transistor and emitter of the control transistor (6) is coupled with the negative terminal of the source (1) and with the first sensing resistor (8), the other terminal of which is connected by a common terminal of the discharge capacitor (26), the charging capacitor (24). , a blocking coil (40), a second sensing resistor (20), an emitter discharging a transistor (16), a first filter condenser (10), a timing capacitor (11) and, on the other hand, a cathode of a second sensing diode (7), the anode of which is connected to a base device the transistor (6) and through the adjusting resistor (5) with the anode of the first transducer (4) whose cathode is connected to the positive terminal of the source (1) and to the second terminal of the first filter capacitor (10) and to the collector to switch the transistor (15) through the power winding (41) wherein the emitter of the switching transistor is connected to the other terminal of the second sensing resistor (20) on the one hand and to the resistor on the other hand (19), the second terminal of which is connected to the anode of the first separating diode (17) and to the terminal of the first separating capacitor (18), the second terminal of which is connected to the cathode of the first separating diode (17) and the terminal of the locking the resistor (27) and the base of the discharging transistor (16), 5 CS 275719 Βδ whose collector is connected to the discharge resistor terminal (14), or the second terminal is connected to the control electrode of the switching transistor (15) and to the protective mode. a diode (13), the anode of which is connected via a coupling winding (12) with a second terminal of the timing capacitor (11) and with a second terminal of the timing resistor (9), the second terminal of the blocking resistor (27) being connected to the other terminal of the discharge a capacitor (26) and, on the other hand, a cathode of a signaling line (42), the anode of which is connected to the terminal of the remote (25), the other terminal of which is connected to the second terminal of the charging capacitor (24) and on the one hand, with the cathodic charging diode (23), the anode of which is connected to the second terminal of the locking winding (40) via the charging resistor (22), the terminal of the first heating coil (29) being filament of the fluorescent tube (33) connected to the second terminal of the first heating coil ( 29) and, secondly, with a clamp of a second separating capacitor (30), the clamp of which is connected via a supply winding (31) with a second heater clamp (32) and a clamp of a sensing winding (34), the second clamp of which is a second filament lamp (33) ) connected to the second terminal of the second heater winding (32), the coupling winding (12) and the power winding (41) and the locking winding (40) and the first heater winding (29) and the power winding (31) and the second heater winding (32) it forms a power transformer (43) and the sensing winding (34) and the field winding (35) form a sensing transformer (44). 1 drawing