CS274491B2 - Agent for plants' anthers sterilization - Google Patents

Abstract

The agent for sterilization of plant anthers, containing active substance in combination with diluter, where thiocarboxylic acids and/or their derivates of the general formula RXR<1> serve as active substance, whereX stands for S, SO2,R stands for (CH2)4CO2H, (CH2)4CO2Na, (CH2)4CO2K, (CH2)4CO2C4H9, (CH2)4CO2C8H17, n-C10H21R<1> stands for (CH2)4CO2H, (CH2)4CO2Na, (CH2)4CO2K, (CH2)4CO2C4H9, (CH2)4CO2C8H17.Plant treatment with this agent is carried out in the fifth and/or sixth stage of organogenesis. The agent is used in cultivation and seed growing industry.

Description

The invention relates to biology and agriculture, and in particular to a composition for the sterilization of anthers of plants to be used in breeding and seed production.

Today, the world's challenge is to intensify agriculture, in particular to increase the profitability of cereals, fodder, and technical cultures by the wide use of first generation hybrids. By crossing, hybrids differing from the parent forms can be obtained by higher productivity (25-30%) and better product quality.

There is a method for producing novel hybrids that corresponds to a system of cytoplasmic pollen sterility-regenerated fertility. The basis of this method is continuous (12 to 14 years) and complicated selection work involving the acquisition of sterile analogs, sterility fixators and fertility restorers. The methods of sterilizing plant anthers with chemical sterilizing agents (gametocides) are particularly promising. Using gametocidf. It is considerably more economical than using a cytoplasmic pollen sterility system, since there is no need to develop such forms as sterile analogs, analogs for fixing sterility in female forms and for regenerating fertility in male forms. The seeds of the first generation hybrids can practically be obtained by breeding the starting forms and further reproducing them.

There are currently found about 200 compounds having gametocidal activity and their chemical structure belongs to different classes of chemical compounds. Gametocides in treated plants must result in complete sterility of the pollen while maintaining the ability of the egg cells to live and ensure a sufficiently high (at least 70 ¾ control) ability to produce the testicle under free pollination. Their phytotoxicity and toxicity to warm-blooded animals must be minimal.

Methods of sterilizing cereal anthers are known (L. D. Nikell, Regulators Grow Growing, Primenenie v rustic chozjajstva, Moscow, eds. Kolos, 1984, pp. 28-31; SU,

A, 906457), which consists in treating plants with sterilizing agents such as 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (Ethrel), maleic hydrazide, di- (polyfluoroalkyl) phosphoric acid and its salts and others. Treatment of plants with sterilizing agents is carried out in V or VI. stage of organogenesis (according to F.M. Kupermann),

In the V stage of organogenesis, the processes of the formation and differentiation of flowers begin. Towards the end of this stage, neoplasms, sporogene archesporium tissues are formed. During this stage germs of stamens, pistils and petals are formed. In the V stage occurs, differentiation of the embryo rods in the rod and pistil. Stadium VI. is characterized by the process of the formation of the flower (micro and macrosporogenoza). Separate mononuclear pollen grains are formed at this stage (F.M. Kupermann, Morfofiziologija rastenij, Moscow, Nakshaya School, 1973, pp. 30-36).

Further, a method of sterilizing grass anthers (GB.A. 1567153) is known, which comprises treating the grasses with a sterilizing agent for a period between the appearance of a second stem and a cob, the heterocyclic compounds of which the main representatives are 2-carboxy-3,4-methanpyrrolidine or 2-methoxycarbonyl-3,4-methanpyrrolidine. The compounds are used in conjunction with diluents and surfactants.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel sterilizing agent which makes it possible to utilize this method of sterilizing anthers in a wide variety of cultures with a high sterilization degree while maintaining the ability of the seeds to deploy in free pollination.

This object is achieved by the use of a sterilizing agent containing a diluent which contains thiocarboxylic acids and / or their derivatives of the general formula for the sterilization of plants in the fifth and / or sixth stages of organogenesis according to the invention.

RXR ¹ in which

X denotes S, SC ^,

R denotes (CH ₂ ) ₄ CO ₂ H, (CH 2 CO 4 a, (CH ₂ ) ₄ CO ₂ K, (CH ₂ ) ₄ CO ₂ C ₄ H _g , (CH ₂ Cl ₄ C ₆ H 6, n C ₁₀ H ₂₁ ,

R ¹ denotes (CH ₂ ) ₄ CO ₂ H, (CH 2 CO 4 a, (CH ₂ ) ₄ CO ₂ K, (CH 2 CO 4 H ₂ , (CH ₂ ) ₄ CO ₂ C ₈ H ₁₇ or mixtures thereof .

In the above list of substituents, the substituent refers to the compound 4-carboxybutyldecyl sulfide (R = CH ₂ , rMcH 4 CO 4, X = S).

The sterilizing agent may be used in conjunction with any known and suitable diluent. It is expedient to use it as 0.1 to 2% aqueous emulsion. The plants which are treated with said sterilizing agent are preferably grasses or sunflowers.

The composition according to the invention makes it possible to achieve the sterility of male plants (98 to 100%) and to obtain a high seed formation ability (over 70%). In order to achieve a high sterilization degree of anthers under adverse climatic conditions, treatment of the plants with the sterilizing agent is repeated at the fifth and / or sixth stage of organogenesis (according to Kupermann).

The composition of the invention is used as follows.

Plants such as winter wheat and spring wheat, diploid and tetraploid rye, triticale, millet, sunflower and the like are treated with a sterilizing agent, the thiocarboxylic acids and / or derivatives thereof being used as the agent.

The thiocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof may be used in conjunction with any suitable diluent. Suitably, water is used as the diluent. Preferably, a 0.1 to 2¾ aqueous emulsion of said compounds is used.

Suitable surfactants may be added to the ready-to-use solutions as desired. When applied to plants, any known adjuvants, such as wetting agents, dispersants and adhesives, are usually added to the ready-to-use solutions.

The sterilizing agent is applied to the plants by various treatments, such as liquid spraying and air spraying (aerosols). Treatment of plants with a sterilizing agent is carried out in the fifth and / or sixth stage of organogenesis (according to Kupermann). The dosage of the sterilizing agent depends on the type of compound, the culture being treated, the stage of treatment and natural climatic factors. In order to ensure a high sterilization effect under adverse climatic conditions, repeated treatment of the plants in VI. stage of organogenesis. The total dose of the sterilizing agent is 0.6 to 20 kg / ha.

All of the thiocarboxylic acids of the invention or derivatives thereof for use as a sterilizing agent have been tested for toxicity in animal experiments. The results of the tests showed that the compounds are slightly or moderately toxic. For example, the LD g is greater than 2000 / mg / kg for the bis (2-ethylhexyl ether) α-thiodivaleric acid rat, for other compounds the LD ₅₀ values _are the same.

The gametocidal activity of the sterilizing compositions of the present invention has been determined by field trials in various soil-climatic zones with partial areas of 10 m in size in duplicate, triple and quadruplicate. Each sterilizer has been tested for at least 5 years.

The development of organogenesis stages is monitored cytologically. Treatment of plants with a sterilizing agent is carried out at the beginning of the fifth stage of Kupermann's organogenesis.

After the ears have grown, isolate the largest ears and the others in parchment bags. For wheat and triticale, individual isolates are used. In rye, the ears of 5 to 7 different side-by-side plants are sealed in one common isolate. For millet, each lath is isolated separately. The percent sterility (X) for wheat, rye, triticale and millet is determined by the formula number of seeds fertilized per isolate of treated plants

X = (1-). 100 Number of seeds fertilized in one isolate of untreated control plants

The number of grains in the uninsulated spikes of the control plants is taken as 100¾ deployment in free pollination.

To obtain reliable data, 20 to 25 wheat and triticale isolators, 10 to 15 rye and millet isolators are used for each repetition.

To control chemical sterilization of sunflower pollen, 45 treated plants were used for each compound, 15 plants were isolated for self-pollination, 15 plants were pollinated with a mixture of pollen collected from 20-25 isolated dressings, and 15 plants were left free to pollinate to control deploying achenes with male pollen.

The sterility of the pollen of sunflower plants is assessed by the fertility of the pollen and the germination, the morphological peculiarities of the male germ cells and the ability of the pathogens to be seeded when pollinating the treated isolated plants with the pollen of the untreated plant. The viability of the egg cell is determined after seed formation in the treated plants by free pollination.

It is desirable to treat plants in clear, windless weather.

All compounds enter the plant tissue within 4 hours. In the event of rainfall during these 4 hours, it is necessary to re-treat the plants in VI. stage of organogenesis.

Thiocarboxylic acids and their derivatives are prepared by known methods. As regards the bis (2-ethylhexyl ether) of α, β-thiodivaleric acid, it is obtained in an analogous manner to the preparation of bis (di-n-butyl ether) ef, β-thiodivaleric acid.

For a better understanding of the present invention, the following working examples of the process of the invention are given.

Example 1

Mironovskaya 808 winter wheat plants are treated by spraying a 2% aqueous emulsion of ef'thiodivaleric acid in the V stage of organogenesis using a portable sprayer. 0.1% wt. C 12 -C 14 calcium alkylbenzene sulfonate. As an adjuvant, 0.01 ¾ wt. dimethylsulfoxide. The consumption of the product is 20 kg / ha. Diluent-treated plants without a sterilizing agent serve as a control. The test results are shown in Table 1. Similar results are obtained for the treatment of winter wheat of the Mironovskaya 808 species in VI. stage of organogenesis.

Examples 2 to 8

The process is carried out analogously to Example 1. A 2¾ aqueous emulsion of sodium salt of O'-thiodivaleric acid,?,? -Suflonyldivaleric acid, sodium salt of?, N? -Suflonylvaleric acid, potassium salt of?,? -Sulfonyldivaleric acid, bis (n-butyl ether) of?,? -thiodivaleric acid, 4-carboxybutyldecylsulfide or bis (2-ethylhexyl ether)?,? -thiodivaleric acid. The test results are given in Table 1. Similar results are obtained for the treatment of winter wheat of the Mironovskaya 808 species in VI. stage of organogenesis.

Table 1

Example number Number of grains in ear u isolate Percent sterility Number of grains in ear at free pollination Percent deployment of grains in free pollination Control 39.5 0.0 41.2 100.0 1 0.5 98.8 37.0 89.8 2 0.3 99.3 35.3 85.7 3 0.0 100.0 37.2 90.3 4 0.1 99.8 34.1 82.8 5 0.1 99.8 40.7 98.8 6 0.0 100.0 34.8 84.5 7 0.0 100.0 35.6 86.4 Θ 0.0 100.0 36.1 87.6

Examples 9 to 11

Korali winter wheat plants were treated in the V stage of organogenesis (according to Kupermann) with a 2¾ aqueous emulsion of bis (2-ethylhexyl ether) α, δ-thiodivaleric acid, 4-carboxybutyldecylsulfide or bis (di-n-butyl ether) α, δ-thiodivaleric acid . The emulsion contained 0.1 wt. % C 12 -C 14 calcium alkyl benzene sulfonate and 0.01 wt. dodecyl sulfate. The consumption of the preparation was 12 kg / ha. Diluent-treated plants without sterilizing agent served as a control.

The test results are shown in Table 2.

Similar results are obtained when treating Korali winter wheat in VI. stage of organogenesis.

Table 2

Example number Number of grains in ear u isolate Percent sterility Number of grains in ear at free pollination Percent deployment of grains when free pollination Control 29.6 0.0 32.4 100.0 9 0.0 100.0 30.8 95.1 10 0.1 99.5 29.1 89.8 11 0.1 99.5 30.2 93.2

Examples 12 to 14

Winter wheat plants Gordeiforme 12303 in the V stage of organogenesis (according Kupermanna) was treated with 2% aqueous emulsion karboxybutyldecylsulfidu 4-bis (2-ethylhexyl) ester pf CF ¹ -thiodivalerové acid CT-J'sulfonyldivalerové. The emulsion contains an emulsion of 0.1% by weight. % C 12 -C 14 calcium alkyl benzene sulfonate and 0.01 wt. dimethylformamide. The consumption of the product is 16 kg / ha. As a control, plants treated with a diluent without a sterilizing agent.

The test results are shown in Table 3. Similar results are obtained in the treatment of winter wheat Gordeiforme 12303 in VI. stage of organogenesis.

Table 3

Example number Number of grains in ear u isolate Percent sterility Number of grains in ear at free pollination Percent deployment of grains in free pollination Control 28.5 0.0 29.1 100.0 12 0.0 100.0 21.6 74.2 13 0.0 100.0 25.3 86.9 14 0.1 99.7 23.6 81.1

Examples 15 to 22

Spring wheat of Moskovskaya 35 type is treated in the V stage of organogenesis (according to Kupermann) with a 1¾ aqueous emulsion of acid (Τ ', 6'-thiodivaleric, sodium salt of cf ⁷ , α'-thiodivaleric acid, cT, cf-sulfonyldivaleric acid, sodium salt) sulfonyldivaleric, potassium salts of 55-thiodivaleric acid, bis (di-n-butyl ether) α, β-thiodivaleric acid, 4-carboxybutyldecylsulfide, bis (2-ethylhexyl ether) α, β-thiodivaleric acid The emulsion contains 0.1 12% to 12% by weight of calcium alkylbenzene sulphonate and 0.01% by weight dimethyl sulphoxide Consumption of the product is 6 kg / ha Dilution-treated plants without sterilizing agent are used as a control The test results are shown in Table 4. Similar results are obtained. in the treatment of winter wheat Moskovskaya 35 in stage VI of organogenesis.

Table 4

Example number Number of grains in ear u isolate Percent sterility Number of grains in ear at free pollination Percent deployment of grains in free pollination Control 28.6 0.0 31.9 100.0 15 Dec 0.9 97.0 31.7 98.3

Table 4 - continued

Example number Number of grains in ear u isolate Percent sterility Number of grains in ear at free pollination Percent deployment of grains in free pollination 16 0.9 97.0 30.8 96.5 17 0.0 100.0 26.7 83.6 18 0.3 99.0 31.1 97.4 19 Dec 0.3 99.0 30.5 95.6 20 May 0.0 100.0 28.7 89.9 21 0.0 100.0 26.9 84.3 22nd 0.0 100.0 25.7 80.6

Examples 23 to 25

Spring wheat plants of the family Family are treated with a 1¾ aqueous emulsion of α, β- ^1- sulfonyldivaleric acid, 4-carboxybutyldecylsulfide, bis (2-ethylhexyl ether) α, β-thiodivaleric acid in the V. stage of organogenesis (according to Kupermann). The emulsion contains 0.1 wt. % calcium alkylbenzene sulfonate having 12 to 14 carbon atoms and 0.01 wt. tetrahydrofuran. The consumption of the product is 6 kg / ha. As a control, plants treated with a diluent without sterilizing agent. The test results are shown in Table 5. Similar results are obtained for the treatment of spring wheat of the Family VI. stage of organogenesis.

Table 5

Example number Number of grains in ear u isolate Percent sterility Number of grains in ear at free pollination Percent deployment of grains in free pollination Control 35.3 0.0 37.5 100.0 23 0.0 100.0 36.1 96.3 24 0.0 100.0 29.8 79.5 25 0.0 100.0 31.2 83.2

Examples 26 and 27

Spring wheat of Kharkovskaya 9 species is treated in the V stage of organogenesis (according to Kupermann) with a 1¾ aqueous emulsion of bis (di-n-butyl ether) N, N-thiodivaleric acid, bis (2-ethylhexyl ether), N-thiodivaleric acid. The emulsion contains 0.1 wt. % C 12 -C 14 calcium alkyl benzene sulfonate and 0.01 wt. ethylene glycol. The consumption of the product is 8 kg per ha. As a control, diluent-treated plants without sterilizing agent are used. The test results are given in Table 6. Similar results are obtained for the treatment of spring wheat of Kharkovskaya 9 in VI. stage of organogenesis.

Table 6

Example number Number of grains in ear u isolate Percent sterility Number of grains in ear at free pollination Percent deployment of grains when free pollination Control 29.2 0.0 32.2 100.0 26 0.0 100.0 28.7 89.1 27 Mar: 0.0 100.0 28.6 88.9

Examples 28 to 31

Spring wheat plants of the Botanicheskaya 4 species are treated with a 1% aqueous emulsion of the sodium salt of α ', / / -' thiodivaleric acid, bis (di-n-butyl ether) δ ', /' '- thiodivaleric acid in V stage of organogenesis (according to Kupermann) 4-carboxybutyldecylsulfide, bis (2-ethylhexyl ether) cis, thiodivaleric acid. The emulsion contains 0.1 wt. % C 12 -C 14 calcium alkyl benzene sulfonate and 0.01 wt. dodecyl sulfate. The consumption of the product is 6 kg / ha. As a control, plants treated with a diluent without sterilizing agent. The test results are shown in Table 7. Similar results are obtained for the treatment of wheat Botanicheskaya 4 in VI. stage of organogenesis.

Table 7

Example number Number of grains in ear u isolate Percent sterility Number of grains in ear at free pollination Percent deployment of grains when free pollination Control 36.9 0.0 40.2 100.0 28 0.3 99.2 36.2 90.0 29 0.0 100.0 30.6 76.2 30 0.0 100.0 32.8 81.6 31 0.0 100.0 33.4 83.1

Examples 32 to 36

Plants of diploid rye of the species Chulpan in V. and VI. stage of organogenesis (according to Kupermann) treats with 1% aqueous emulsion of δ ', β-sulfonyldivaleric acid, bis (di-n-butyl ether) «', O-thiodivaleric acid, bis (2-ethylhexyl ether) acid, / / - thiodivaleric acid 4-carboxybutyldecyl sulfide. The emulsion contains 0.1 wt. % C 12 -C 14 calcium alkyl benzene sulfonate and 0.01 wt. dimethylsulfoxide. The consumption of the product is 10 kg / ha. As a control, plants treated with a diluent without sterilizing agent. The test results are shown in Table 8.

Table 8

Example number Number of grains in ear u isolate Percent sterility Number of grains in ear at free pollination Percent deployment of grains in free pollination Control 56.1 0.0 66.6 100.0 32 0.0 100.0 58.2 87.4 33 0.1 99.8 56.6 85.0 34 0.0 100.0 60.1 90.2 35 0.0 100.0 63.8 95.8 36 0.0 100.0 60.5 90.8

Examples 37 to 43

Plants of diploid rye of Voschod 2 type are treated with 1% aqueous emulsion of bis (di-n-butyl ether) α, δ-thiodivaleric acid, 4-carboxybutyldecylsulfide, sodium acid (β, δ-thiodivaleric acid) bis, (2-ethylhexyl ether) c, N, N-thiodi valeric acid, N, N, N -sulfonyldivaleric acid, sodium acid, N, N -sulfonyldi valeric acid, potassium salts of C, N, N -sulfonyldivaleric acid. 1% by weight of C 12 -C 14 calcium alkylbenzene sulphonate and 0.01% by weight of tetrahydrofuran The consumption of the preparation is 6 kg / ha and the plants treated with a diluent without sterilizing agent serve as a control.

The test results are shown in Table 9.

Similar results are obtained in the treatment of diploid rye of the species Voschod 2 in VI. sta diu organogenesis.

Table 9

Example number Number of grains in ear u isolate Percent sterility Number of grains in ear at free pollination Percent deployment of grains in free pollination Control 49.8 0.0 54.6 100.0 37 0.0 100.0 50.9 93.2 38 0.0 100.0 50.5 92.5 39 0.1 99.8 50.5 92.5 40 0.0 100.0 52.9 96.9 41 0.1 99.8 48.4 88.6

Table 9 - continued

Example number Number of grains in ear u isolate Percent sterility Number of grains in ear at free pollination Percent deployment of grains in free pollination 42 0.1 99.8 47.4 86.8 43 0.6 98.8 53.8 98.5

Examples 44 to 50

Plants of diploid rye of the Gibrid 1861/79 species in V. and VI. stage of organogenesis (according to Kuperinann) treats 1¾ with an aqueous emulsion of bis (C 1 -C 4 -butyl ether) δ, (η 1 -thi oderic acid, (η 1, β-thiodivaleric), sodium salt of β, β-thiodivaleric, 4-carboxybutyldecylsulfide, acid, d ^'1 onyldivalerové sulfone, potassium salts of acids CPO, d ^ -sulfonyldivalerové, bis (2-ethylhexyl) of d, <Ri thiodivalerové. the emulsion contains 0.1 wt.% kalciumalkylbenzensulfonátu having 12 to 14 carbon atoms and 0, 01% by weight of dimethylformamide Consumption of the product is 8 kg / ha Dilution-treated plants without stabilizing agent are used as a control The results of the tests are given in Table 10.

Table 10

Example number Number of grains in ear u and zolate Percent sterility Number of grains in ear at free pollination Percent deployment of grains in free pollination Control 54.0 0.0 62.8 100.0 44 0.0 100.0 60.0 95.5 45 0.1 99.8 58.6 93.3 46 0.1 99.8 57.1 90.9 47 0.0 100.0 52.8 84.1 48 0.0 100.0 54.7 87.1 49 0.0 100.0 57.0 90.8 50 0.0 100.0 53.2 84.7

Examples 51 to 58

Belta tetraploid rye plants are treated with a 1¾ aqueous emulsion of T, δ-thiodi valeric acid, sodium salt of,, δ- ^1- thiodivaleric acid, T, β-sulfonylvaleric acid, sodium salt in a V-stage of organogenesis (according to Kupermann) ct ^ cf onyldivalerové sulfone, potassium salts of acids δ, -sulfonyldivalerové, bis (di-n-butyl ether), acid derivatives δ _T δ -thiodivalerové, bis (2-ethylhexyl) ester δ, CT ^ -thiodivalerové 4-karboxybutyldecylsulfidu. The emulsion contains 0.1 wt. calcium alkylbenzene sulfonate and 0.01 wt% dimethyl sulfoxide. Consumption of the product is 6 kg / ba. As a control, plants treated with a diluent without sterilizing agent. The test results are shown in Table 11. Similar results are obtained for the treatment of Belta tetraploid rye in VI. stage of organogenesis.

Table 11

Example number Number of grains in ear u isolate Percent sterility Number of grains in ear at free pollination Percent deployment of grains in free pollination Control 39.9 0.0 44.2 100.0 51 0.3 99.3 32.9 74.4 52 0,1 ' 99.0 40.6 91.8 53 0.0 100.0 39.0 88.2 54 0.0 100.0 34.6 78.2 55 0.0 100.0 34.0 76.9 56 0.0 100.0 38.2 86.7 57 0.0 100.0 42.7 96.6 58 0.0 100.0 40.3 91.2

Examples 59 to 61

Plants of triticale PRAG 109 are treated in the V stage of organogenesis (according to Kupermann) with 1.5¾ aqueous emulsion of bis (di-n-butyl ether of cT, d-thiodivaleric, 4-carboxybutyldecylsulphide, bis (2-ethylhexyl ether) acid <T, <T The emulsion contains 0.1% by weight of C 12 -C 14 calcium alkylbenzene sulphonate and 0.01% by weight of tetrahydrofuran.The consumption of the preparation is 15 kg / ha. 12.

Table 12

Example number Number of grains in ear u isolate Percent sterility Number of grains in ear at free pollination Percent deployment of grains when free pollination Control 41.3 0.0 45.8 100.0 59 0.3 99.3 40.1 87.6 60 0.0 100.0 42.3 92.4 61 0.0 100.0 40.0 09.1

Examples 62 to 64

Amphidiploid 206 triticale plants are treated in the V stage of organogenesis (according to Kupermann) with a 1.5¾ aqueous emulsion of sodium salt of α, β-thiivaleric acid, α, ω-sulfonyldivaleric acid, potassium salt of β, η ¹ -sulfonyldivaleric acid. The emulsion contains 0.1 wt. % C 12 -C 14 calcium alkyl benzene sulfonate and 0.01 wt. dodecyl sulfate. The consumption of the product is 9 kg / ha. The diluent-treated plants without the stabilizing agent serve as a control. The test results are shown in Table 13. Similar results are obtained with the treatment of triticale of Amfidiploid 206 in VI. stage of organogenesis.

Table 13

Example number Number of grains in ear u and zolate Percent sterility Number of grains in ear at free pollination Percent deployment of grains when free pollination Control 32.7 0.0 36.6 100.0 62 0.9 97.2 32.5 88.8 63 0.1 99.7 30.1 82.2 64 0.0 100.0 29.8 81.4

Examples 65 to 67

Plants free species Mironovskoe 94 in the V stage of organogenesis (according Kupermanna) was treated with an aqueous emulsion 1¾ 4-d -sulfonyldivalerové karboxybutyldecylsulfidu acid, bis (2-ethylhexyl) ester ¹ ^, thiodivalerové. The emulsion contains 0.1 ¾ wt. calcium alkylbenzene sulfonate having 12 to 14 carbon atoms and 0.01 ¾ wt. dodecyl sulfate. The consumption of the product is 10 kg / ha. As a control, plants treated with a diluent without sterilizing agent. The test results are shown in Table 14. Similar results are obtained for the treatment of millet Mironovskoe 94 in VI. stage of organogenesis.

Table 14

Example number Number of grains laty u and zolate Percent sterility Number of grains laty pri free pollination Percent deployment of grains in free pollination Control 324.5 0.0 366.4 100.0 65 0.0 100.0 323.7 88.3 66 0.0 100.0 336.8 91.9 67 0.0 100.0 312.8 85.3

Examples 60 to 72

Millet plants of the species K9009, Poltava region are treated in the V stage of organogenesis (according to Kupermann) with a 1¾ aqueous emulsion of <F, N-thiodivaleric acid, sodium salt of (Γ, β-thiodi valeric acid, cF, cS-sulfonyl) Valeric, bis (2-ethylglycol ether) &lt; F, d-thiodivaleric, 4-carboxybutyldecyl sulfide The emulsion contains 0.1 wt% C 12 -C 14 calcium alkylbenzene sulfonate and 0.01 wt% tetrahydrofuran Consumption is 6 kg The test results are shown in Table 15. Similar results are obtained with the treatment of millet K9009, zz, an area in stage VI of organogenesis.

Table 15

Example number Number of grains laty u isolate Percent sterility Number of grains laty pri free pollination Percent deployment of grains when free pollination Control 120.8 0.0 129.4 100.0 68 0.0 100.0 101.4 78.1 69 0.0 100.0 105.1 81.2 70 0.0 100.0 77.1 60.0 71 0.0 100.0 112.0 86.6 72 0.0 100.0 100.7 77.8

Examples 73 and 74

Millet plants of K-9693 Kormovoe 1 are treated with a 1% aqueous emulsion of bis (di-n-butyl ether) 2F, -thiodivaleric acid, sodium salt of -sulfonyldivaleric acid in the V stage of organogenesis (according to Kupermann). The consumption of the product is 6 kg / ha. As a control, plants treated with a diluent without sterilizing agent. The test results are shown in Table 16. Similar results are obtained with the treatment of millet K-9693 Kormovoe 1 in VI. stage of organogenesis.

Table 16

Example number Number of grains latu u isolate Percent you were sterile Number of grains latu pri free pollination Percent nasazeni zrn when free pollination Control 125.0 0.0 146.7 100.0 73 0.0 100.0 122.1 83.2 74 0.0 100.0 103.5 70.5

Examples 75 to 80

The sunflower of the VNIIMK 8931 type is treated with 0.5% aqueous emulsion of 4-carboxybutyldecylsulfide, 1% emulsion of acid, N-sulfonyldivaleric acid, 2% emulsion of bis (2-ethylhexyl ether) cT, cT4-thiodivaleric acid in the V stage of organogenesis; sunflower Line VK-373 is treated with 2% cT, α-β-thiodivaleric acid bis (2-ethylhexyl ether) emulsion, 0.2% cT, č-thiodivaleric acid emulsion bis (di-n-butyl ether); sunflower Line VK-364 with 2% aqueous emulsion of bis (2-ethylhexyl ether) T,,-thiodivaleric acid, 0.2% emulsion of bis (di-n-butyl ether) ď, d'-thiodivaleric acid. The emulsions contain 0.1 wt. % C 12 -C 14 calcium alkyl benzene sulfonate and 0.01 wt. dimethylsulfoxide. As a control, plants treated with a diluent without sterilizing agent. The test results are shown in Table 17. Similar results are obtained for the treatment of the sunflower species listed in VI. stage of organogenesis.

Table 17

Example number Percent you were sterile Percent deployment of achenes when free pollination Mass 1 000 nažek v 9 Content oils in% Control 0.5 Type INSIDE 8931 85.7 83.0 54.7 75 100.0 82.9 78.0 52.5 76 100.0 71.6 85.5 53.6 77 100.0 82.1 91.9 53.9 Control 0.7 Line VK-373 67.9 58.1 47.6 78 100.0 60.7 54.5 48.1 79 100.0 62.7 57.2 49.2 Control 0.5 Line VK-364 70.3 87.3 45.6 80 100.0 67.9 87.0 45.5 81 100.0 59.3 87.1 44.5

Table 17 - continued

Example number The ability to germinate in% Consumption in kg / 600 1 Control Type INSIDE 8931 100.0 82 100.0 3.0 83 100.0 6.0 84 100.0 12.0 Control Line VK-373 100.0 85 100.0 12.0 86 100.0 1,2 Control Line VK-364 100.0 87 100.0 12.0 88 100.0 1,2

SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION

Claims (2)

SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION A composition for sterilizing anthers of plants, comprising a diluent, characterized in that it contains thiocarboxylic acids and / or their derivatives of the general formula as active ingredient RXR ¹ ve which X indicates S, SO2, R indicates (ch ₂ ) ₄ every ₂ h, (CH ₂ ) ₄ CO ₂ Na, (ch ₂ ) ₄ co ₂ k (ch ₂ ) ₄ co ₂ c ₄ h ₉ (ch ₂ ) ₄ co ₂ c _b h ₁₇ R ¹ indicates (CH ₂ ) ₄ CO ₂ H, (CH ₂ ) ₄ CO ₂ Na, (ch ₂ ) ₄ co ₂ k (ch ₂ ) ₄ co ₂ c ₄ h ₉ (CH ₂ ) ₄ CO ₂ C ₈ H ₁₇ or mixtures thereof. 2. A composition according to claim 1, comprising water as a diluent, wherein the concentration of the active ingredient is 0.1 to 2% by weight. in the form of an aqueous emulsion.