CS273419B1 - Attractant for cockroach insects and method of its preparation - Google Patents

Abstract

The solution concerns a cockroach insect attractant, which is typical by its active substance - a mixture of sensorially stimulating substances consisting of 80 to 85 volume percent of mixed extract obtained by extraction of 10 to 25 weight percent of flour, from 10 to 25 weight percent of dried egg yolk, from 40 to 60 weight percent of malt grist and of 15 to 20 volume percent of lining, excrements, exuvia, containing natural aggregation pheromone, which represents from 1.2 to 2.1 percent of dry matter of these substances, where the ration of dry matter of the food attractants to dry matter of the extract with pheromone ranges from 7:1 to 3:1. Further components of the attractant are eventually 0.1 to 0.2 percent of antioxidant, up to 1 percent of palmitic acid, up to 0.8 percent of 5,9,13-trimethyl-4,6-tetradecadiene-3,13-diole and up to 0.2 percent of sexual pheromone of the target species. The method of preparation of the attractant according to the invention consists in the following: The mixture of fish flour, dried egg yolk and malt grist is extracted in organic solvent and then it is enriched with the remaining components of the formula. The attractant is of high, and, with regard to biotope diversity, universal effect on both species of cockroaches living on the territory of the Czech Republic, i.e. German cockroach and oriental cockroach. The main mode of its application is as biologically active component of adhesive or mechanical insect traps.

Description

The subject of the invention is an attractant for cockroach insects based on extracts of sensory-stimulating substances and a process for its preparation.

Marbled insects are among the most problematic insect pests in terms of applied entomology. This is due both to their ever-increasing physiological and ethological resistance to standard insecticides, to their considerable vagility and to the spread of ecological requirements and, finally, to the fact that the area of occurrence of these pests, ie human narrowest environment, is highly sensitive to toxic pesticides. The exclusion of the risk of intoxication is represented by modern ecological methods of control, using the attractiveness of certain substances to capture or otherwise repress these pests.

So far, a number of natural and synthetically prepared substances have been used as attractants or baits. As relatively relatively attractive natural food substances are mentioned products of various kinds, cereals, potatoes, fruit, meat and milk, from synthetic organic substances especially fatty acids, amino acids, peptides, alcohols, sugars and the like. Most of the natural substances were used in solid form as bait, usually alone. Their disadvantages are mainly the limitation of the scope to only some population components, decreased efficiency in habitats with a greater selection of competing incentives and usually only for shorter distances. Most of them undergo rapid degradation of sensory attractiveness. The difficulty is also the difficulty of standardizing the preparation. For synthetically prepared substances, the attractiveness was usually determined only in laboratory tests, it was not confirmed in the field. So far, there is at least published data on liquid attractants that could be usefully used in glue traps. The attractive content of most used foreign traps, such as Sticky, Raid, Nitto, Roach-Coach etc., is - despite the usually not very satisfactory efficiency - the secret of the manufacturer.

The above-mentioned drawbacks are eliminated by the cockroach attractant, which consists in the fact that it consists of a mixture of extracts of sensory-stimulating foodstuffs consisting of 80 and 85 vol. % of the mixed extract obtained by extraction of the starting quantities of 10 to 25% fish meal, 10 to 25% dried egg yolk and 40 to 60% malt meal, calculated as a percentage by weight of the starting materials and 15 to 20% vol. aggregation pheromone. representing 1.2 to 2.1 wt. the dry matter ratio of the food attractants to the dry matter of the pheromone-containing extract is 7: 1 to 3: 1, and optionally further comprises 0.1 to 0.2% antioxidant, up to 1% palmitic acid, up to 0.8% 5 , 9,13-trimethyl-4,6-tetradecadiene-3,13-diol and up to 0.2% sexual pheromone of the target species.

A method for preparing cockroach attractants is to extract a mixture of fishmeal, dried egg yolk and malt meal in an organic solvent and to add the remaining recipe ingredients. The specific attractant component, aggregation pheromone, is obtained from the culture medium of the target species. The nymphs of the last two instars are kept in horizontally placed loading bottles under standard conditions for 2 weeks. The insects and cultivation equipment are then removed and the remaining contents of the bottle, i.e. lining (filter paper), exuvia and faeces, are transferred to a distillation apparatus to which water vapor entrains the biologically active components. The condensate collected in the cooling compartment is further shaken with an equal portion of acetone and the acetone fraction is separated.

* The cockroach attractant according to the invention consists of substances from the group of food attractants, namely the more volatile constituents of fishmeal, egg yolk and malt meal, optionally palmitic acid and 5,9,13-trimethyl-4,6-tetradecadiene-3,13-diol, further aggregation or sexual ^- pheromone of the target species, thus olfactory stimulants, and the collecting švábovitých sexual activity. Its composition is the nearest solid bait mixture, listed in MS. Certificate No 268 239 which:

However, CS 273419 B1 is predominantly based on gustatorically stimulating food ingredients, and in this embodiment, like other solid baits, is not suitable as attractantlepoint traps. The attractant according to the invention has a high efficiency on both aynantropic species of domestic cockroaches, i.e., Russian domestic cockroach and cockroach. This efficiency is universal with regard to habitat conditions and is not influenced by the diversity of food substances or the habitat segmentation. Further advantages are considerable efficiency stability, availability of all components, unpretentious production and possibility of its standardization. From a practical point of view, it is used primarily as a component of gluing traps, which determines their initial trapping efficiency. Another application is in the form of impregnated mechanical evaporators Bj. types of traps and, last but not least, as a substance masking the repellency of poisoned baits.

Example 1 Attraction for Russian domestic (Blattella germanica)

Ingredients: Pův. wt. Weight evaporator fish meal extract 150 g dried egg yolk extract 150 g malt meal extract 500 g 2 (acetone) 1000 ml 65,5 g natural aggregation pheromone extract. Russian domestic '185 ml 12,1 g palmitic acid 6 S 5,9,13-trimethyl-4,6-tetradecadiene-3. 13-diol 6 g. 3,11-dimethyl-2-nonacosanone 1 S 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol 2 g Total 1 000 g

The fish meal, dried egg yolk and finely ground malt meal are mixed and poured into the chromatographic tube. The column of the mixture is extracted once with 1.5 L of acetone for 12 h and the first 1 L of fluid is collected during discharge, to which the remaining recipe ingredients are gradually added. Aggregate pheromone was prepared from the culture medium with 300 nymphs of the last two instars, kept in 5 L loading bottles for 14 days at 25 ° C and 70% R. Lining (filter paper), exuvia and the droppings are transferred to a distillation apparatus to which water vapor is introduced. The condensate collected in the cooling compartment is shaken with an equal portion of acetone and the acetone fraction is separated. The aggregate pheromone extract residue at the indicated volume is 12.1 g. For use in trappers, the attractant is dispersed in the gum so that at least 0.05 ml of the solution is present per trap, with the active substance residue being 8.05%. Stock solutions are prepared by concentrating on a rotary evaporator to half volume.

Field comparative test of attractant effectiveness for Russian domestic

Ekolex glued traps with evaporator impregnated with attractant solution (A) in an amount of 0.1 ml per 1 trap, the same traps with the extract of natural aggregation pheromone of the tested species and two top types of foreign traps with original attractants. The attractiveness criterion was the number of captured individuals during the 14-day exposure.

CS 273419 Bl

Table of results·

Trapping system Number catchers Catch 0 / trap % larvae Koef. atr. Card- Company (0) Ekolex + A 25 3 403 136.1 ^ 38.7 81.2 1.00 - Ekolex + agr. fair. 25 2 115 84.6 ± 31.4 86.6 0.62 0.01 Mr. Sticky (USA) 15 Dec 1 449 96.6-29.9 60.3 0.71 0.01 Eaid (USA) 15 Dec 361 24,1-13,0 65.2 0.18 0.01

From the test it is evident that the capture system representing the Ekolex trap with the attractant according to the invention (A) has shown the highest capture efficiency. Compared to the most commonly used type of trap with the original attractive substance dispersed in glu (Mr. Sticky), it had 1.4 times more attractive, compared to another common type of Eaid (surface attractant) even 5.6 times higher; The aggregation pheromone itself was also significantly less attractive. Also other types of foreign traps that were available (not shown for a small number of samples) showed a significantly lower attractiveness than traps with the attractant of the invention. Compared to other types, age populations were significantly more objectively represented in the traps with this attractant, as shown by the percentage of larvae captured, close to the normal distribution (SO%).

Example 2 Attractant for cockroach (Blatta orientalis)

Ingredients: wt. Weight evaporator

fish meal extract 200 g * dried egg yolk extract ioo ε malt meal extract 548 g ^ 7 (acetone) 1000 ml 65,5 g extract of natural aggregation pheromone šv. 150 ml 9.8 g- - 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol ² β ·, Total 1 000 g

The cockroach attractant and the aggregation pheromone extract were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. Specific sexual pheromone was not added. Also the data for attractant application are identical. The residue of the active substance is 7.55

Terrain comparative teat effectiveness of attractant for cockroach

Using a similar methodology as in Example 1, the Ekolex-type glue traps were compared with impellers impregnated with attractant for cockroach (B) and foreign traps Mr. Sticky.

CS 273419 Bl

Table of results

Trapping system Number catchers Catch 0 / trap % larvae Koef. atr. Evidence (0) Ekolex + B 15 Dec 814 54.3-12.6 88.9 1.00 - Mr. Sticky 10 426 42 6,18,3 72.2 0.78 0.2

The test showed comparable (inconveniently higher) trapping efficiency and thus the attractiveness of the Ekolex trap catching system with the top foreign Mr. Sticky and the cockroach.

Claims (3)

SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION An attractant for cockroach insects, characterized in that it contains as an active ingredient a mixture of extracts of sensory stimulants consisting of 80 to 85% by volume of the mixed extract obtained by extraction of 10 to 25% fish meal, 10 to 25% dried egg yolk and 40 to 60% malt meal by weight of the starting materials and from 15 to 20% by volume of litter, faeces and exuvian extract containing natural aggregating pheromone, representing 1,2 to 2,1% of the dry matter of these substances, the weight ratio of dry matter attractants to dry matter pheromone extract is 7: 1 to 3: 1. 2. The attractant of claim 1, wherein the other ingredients are from 0.1 to 0.2 antioxidant, up to 1% palmitic acid, up to 0.8% 5,9,13-trimethyl-4,6-tetradecadiene- 3,13-diol and up to 0,2% sexual pheromone of the target species. 3. A process according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mixture of fishmeal, dried egg yolk and malt meal is extracted in an organic solvent and the remaining reqepture ingredients are added to the extract.