CS272731B1

CS272731B1 - Mechanism of hydrostatic control

Info

Publication number: CS272731B1
Application number: CS146488A
Authority: CS
Inventors: Henrich Ing Urbanek; Jan Ing Vrabec
Original assignee: Urbanek Henrich; Vrabec Jan
Priority date: 1988-03-07
Filing date: 1988-03-07
Publication date: 1991-02-12
Also published as: CS146488A1

Abstract

The solution concerns a hydrostatic steering mechanism suitable mainly for axles enabling to change the tread by means of telescoping the adaptors used primarily in tractors. The principle of the solution consists in the mechanism of hydrostatic steering composed of a connecting rod consisting of two plungers connected by a piston rod and two ball pins with a shaft of heads that can be slided into the hollow spaces in plungers thus enabling to change its length. The plungers with the piston rod pass through a cylinder divided by section wall into two chambers. When one of them is filled with pressurized oil the connecting rod is shifted towards the cylinder, which is attached to the central part of the axle by means of a brace. The brace with its spherical pin and bearings on the cylinder enables the connecting rod to follow the movement of ball pins<IMAGE>

Description

(57) Riešenia rieši mechanizmus hydrostatického riadenia vhodný najma pre nápravy umožňujúce změnu rozchodu vysúvanim nástavcov užívané najma u traktorov. Podstatou riešenia je mechanizmus hydrostatického riadenia zložený zo spojovacej tyče tvorenej dvomi plunžrami spojenými piestnicou a dvomi gulovými čapmi s driekmi hlavic zasúvatelnými do dutin v plunžroch čo umožňuje změnu Jej dlžky. Plunžre s piestnicou precháazajú valcom predeleným přepážkou na dve komory. Přivedením tlakového oleja do jednej z nich dochádza k presúvaniu spojovacej tyče voči valcu, ktorý je upútaný k strednej časti nápravy vzpěrou. Vzpěra svojim sférickým čapom a ložiskami na válci umožňuje spojovacej tyči sledovat priestorový pohyb gulových čapov.(57) The solutions address a hydrostatic steering mechanism suitable, in particular, for axles enabling the track to be extended by extending the attachments used, in particular, for tractors. The essence of the solution is a hydrostatic steering mechanism consisting of a connecting rod consisting of two plungers connected by a piston rod and two ball joints with shafts of heads insertable into cavities in the plungers, which allows to change its length. The piston rod plungers pass through a cylinder divided by a partition into two chambers. Applying the pressurized oil to one of them causes the connecting rod to be moved relative to the cylinder, which is attached to the central part of the axle by a strut. The strut with its spherical pins and bearings on the cylinder allows the connecting rod to follow the spatial movement of the ball pins.

CS 272731 BlCS 272731 Bl

272 731 (11) (13) Bl (51) Int. Cl®272 731 (11) (13) Bl (51) Int. CL ®

B 62 D 5/06.B 62 D 5/06.

iand

CS 272 731 Bl řVynález rieši mechanizmus hydrostatického riadenia vhodný najma pre nápravy umožňujúce změnu rozchodu vysáváním nástavcov užívané najma u traktorov.CS 272 731 B1 The invention addresses a hydrostatic steering mechanism suitable, in particular, for axles enabling the track to be changed by vacuuming attachments used, in particular, for tractors.

Sú známe riešenia β priamočiarym hydromotorom,· ktorého jedan závěs je ukotvený na telese nápravy a druhý na riadiacej páke kolesa. Nedostatkem tohoto riešenia je; že pri zmene rozchodu ja nutné přestavit ukotvenie priamočiareho hydromotora na teleso nápravy a že přestavitelně .ukotvenie priamočiareho hydromotora po boku telesa nápravy znemožňuje použitiě vodorovných skrutiek k upsvneniu výsuvných nástavcov na nápravu. Ďalším nedostatkom je potřeba osobitnej spojovacej tyče/ u ktorej je nutné pri zmane rozchodu upravovat dížku. Salšim nedostatkom js rozdielny převod medzi otočením volantu a rejdom kolies pre jednotlivé směry zatáčania sposobený rozdialnou plochou plastu priamočiareho hydromotora.There are known solutions β with a linear hydraulic motor, whose one hinge is anchored on the axle body and the other on the steering lever. The drawback of this solution is; that, when changing the track, it is necessary to adjust the anchorage of the linear hydraulic motor to the axle body and that, by adjusting the anchorage of the linear hydraulic motor to the side of the axle body, it is impossible to use horizontal bolts to secure the telescopic extensions. A further drawback is the need for a separate tie rod (s) which need to be adjusted when the track is changed. A major disadvantage is the different transmission between steering wheel steering and steering lock for the different steering directions caused by the different surface area of the linear hydraulic motor.

Uvedené nedostatky odstraňuje mechanizmus hydrostatického riadenia s gulovými čapmi na riadiacich pákách upevněných na zvislých čapoch kolies podlá vynálezu podstatou ktorého ja, že driek hlavice gulového čapu je zaskrutkovaný do kontramatice a do závitu vytvořeného v dutina plunžra spojeného s piestnicou prechádzajúcou cez přepážku upevnenú v dutině valca. Za přepážkou sú piestnica, plunžer, kontramatica a driek hlavice usporiadané v zrkadlovom obraze s opačným zmyslom stúpania závitu vytvořeného v dutina plunžra. Piestnica je na oboch koncoch opatřená kuželom vsadeným do kuželovej dutiny v dne plunžra a závitom na ktorý ja v dutině plunžra naskrutkovaná matica piestnice. Válec je opatřený ložkami pre upevnenie dvoch čapov,' ktorých spoločná os je kolmicou osi valca. Cápy prechádza jú ložkami vytvořenými v dvoch ramenách vzpěry, ktorými vzpěra obopina válec.These drawbacks are eliminated by the hydrostatic steering mechanism with ball joints on the control levers mounted on vertical wheel studs according to the invention, in which the ball joint head shaft is screwed into the lock nut and into the thread formed in the plunger cavity connected to the piston rod passing through the barrel. Beyond the partition, the piston, plunger, lock nut and head shaft are arranged in a mirror image with the opposite sense of the pitch of the thread formed in the plunger cavity. The piston rod is provided at both ends with a cone inserted into the conical cavity at the bottom of the plunger and a thread on which a piston rod nut is screwed in the plunger cavity. The cylinder is provided with bearings for fastening two pins whose common axis is perpendicular to the cylinder axis. The cams pass through bearings formed in the two legs of the strut through which the strut obopina cylinder.

Druhý koniec vzpěry je zakotvený sférickým čapom v konzole upevnenej na strednaj časti nápravy. Rúrka vytvárajúca teleso valca je v střede dížky po obvode prelisovaná a vo vnútri prelisu je vytvořený závit do ktorého je naskrutkovaná přepážka. Plunžra 8pojané piestnicou sú uložené v ložiskách vložených do; dutin valca. Každé ložisko je v axiálnom smere zaistené závěrným krúžkom/ ktorý je opatřený drážkou a radiálnymi otvormi. Závěrný krúžok je poistený drotom zapadajúcim polovicou priemeru do drážky krúžku a druhou pOlovicou priemeru .do drážky krúžku a druhou polovicou do drážky vytvorenej vo válci. HÍbka drážky να válci je vačšia ako priemer drotu, Čo umožňuje jeho zasunutie do valca pri zakladeni alebo vyberani krúžku. Pritlačenia predpatého drotu do drážky vo válci pri vybarani krúžku umožňujú radiálně otvory v krúžku. Válec je na oboch koncoch opatřený uzávěrem v ktorom je vytvořená drážka pre uloženie stieracieho krúžku. Na osadenom vonkajšom priemere uzávěru je závitová plocha ohraničená vnútorným a vonkajšim čelom. Vonkajšie čelo sa opiara o čelo valca a medzi vonkajšie čelo a čelo valca je vložené tesnenie. Dutina medzi čelom závěrného krúžku a vnútorným čelom uzávěru je priestor pre tesnenie plunžra.The other end of the strut is anchored by a spherical pin in a bracket mounted on the center axle. The tube forming the cylinder body is crimped in the center of the length of the circumference and a thread is formed inside the crimping into which the partition is screwed. The plungers 8 connected by the piston rod are housed in bearings inserted into; cylinder cavities. Each bearing is secured in the axial direction by a lock ring (which is provided with a groove and radial holes). The end ring is secured by a wire engaging half the diameter of the ring groove and a second half diameter of the ring groove and the other half into the groove formed in the cylinder. The groove depth να of the cylinder is larger than the diameter of the wire, which allows it to be inserted into the cylinder when inserting or removing the ring. Pressing the prestressed wire into the groove in the cylinder when the ring is removed allows radial holes in the ring. The cylinder is provided at both ends with a cap in which a groove for receiving the wiper ring is formed. On the fitted outer diameter of the closure, the threaded surface is bounded by the inner and outer faces. The outer face rests on the cylinder face and a gasket is inserted between the outer face and the cylinder face. The cavity between the end of the stop ring and the inner face of the closure is the space for sealing the plunger.

Driek hlavice gulového čapu zaskrutkovaný do závitu vytvořeného v dutině plunžra, spojeného piestnicou s plunžrom a driakom hlavice na opačnéj straně vytvára spojovaciu tyč spájajúcu oba gulové čapy. Otáčanim jedným z dvoch piestnicou vzájomne spojených plunžrov dochádza v dosledku opačného zmyslu stúpania závitu matic k skracovaniu alebo predlžovaniu spojovacej tyče/ čo umožňuje nastavenie zbiehavosti kolies pri roznych rozchodech. Vzpěra zaisťuje správnu polohu valca bez potřeby prestavovania nezávislé na nastaveném rozchode. Přitom jej upevnenie k telesu nápravy sférickým' čapom nebráni použitia vodorovných skrutiek k upevneniu výsuvných nástavcov na nápravu. Rovnaké priemary plunžrov a piestnice dávajú rovnaký převod medzi otočenim volantu a rejdom kolies prs oba smary zatáčania. Upevnenie přepážky pomocou závitového spoja jednak ulahčuja výrobu vlastného valca a zápichů pře tesnenie piestnice, jednak umožňuje demontáž přepážky z dutiny valca a tým ulahčuje montáž, připadne výměnu tesnenia v nej umiestneného.A ball pin head screw screwed into a thread formed in the plunger cavity, connected by a piston rod to the plunger and the head screw on the other side, forms a connecting rod connecting the two ball pins. By rotating one of the two piston rods connected to one another, as a result of the opposite sense of the thread pitch, the connecting rod is shortened or extended, thus allowing the wheel to be adjusted at different track widths. The strut ensures the correct position of the roller without the need for adjustments independent of the set track. At the same time, its attachment to the axle body by means of a spherical pin does not prevent the use of horizontal screws to fasten the extension pieces to the axle. The same plunger and piston rod diameters give the same gearing between steering wheel and wheel lock in both directions of cornering. Fixing the partition with a threaded joint facilitates the production of its own cylinder and grooves over the piston rod seal, and on the other hand it enables the removal of the partition from the cylinder cavity and thus facilitates assembly or replacement of the seals therein.

Zaistenie ložisk vyberatelnými závěrnými krúžkami umožňuje lahkú výměnu po opotřebeni.Securing the bearings with removable locking rings allows easy replacement after wear.

Přitom čelo závěrného krúžku tvoři opernú plochu pre tesnenie plunžra. Umiestnenie těsnění plunžra do priestoru medzi závěrný krúžok a uzávěr umožňuje umiestnit tesniacu plochuAt the same time, the face of the locking ring forms a support surface for sealing the plunger. Placing the plunger seal in the space between the stop ring and the closure allows the sealing surface to be positioned

CS 272 731 Bl priamočimreho hydromotora na povrch plunžra, čo jo výhodné pro výrobu v porovnáni s umiestnenlm v dutino.CS 272 731 B1 of a rectilinear hydraulic motor to the surface of the plunger, which is advantageous for manufacture as compared to the cavity.

Na priloženom výkrese jo znázorněný přiklad možného vyhotovenia mechanizmu hydrostatického riadenia. Obr. 1 znázorňuje v čiastočnom řeze jeho nárys, obr. 2 jeho podorys.An example of a possible embodiment of the hydrostatic steering mechanism is shown in the attached drawing. Fig. 1 is a front elevational view, partially in section; FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof.

V obidvoch pohladoch js znázorněná riadená náprava výsuvnými nástavcami. Na obr. 3 js rez konca valca spolu s tesniacimi elementární.In both views, the steered axle is shown with extendable extensions. In FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the cylinder end together with the elementary seals.

Mechanizmus hydrostatického riadenia tvoria gulové čapy 2 na riadiacich pákách £8 upevněných na zvislých čapoch kolies £9. Driek £ hlavice gulového čapu 2 ja zaskrutkovaný do závitu vytvořeného v dutině plunžra 3 spojeného s piestnicou 4 prechádzajúcou přepážkou 5 upevněnou v dutině valca 6. Za přepážkou 5 sú piestnica 4, plunžer 3 a driek £ hlavice usporiadané v zrkadlovom obraze s opačným zmyslom stúpania závitu vytvořeného v dutině plunžra 3. Oba drieky £ hlavic gulových čapov 2 sú poistené proti uvolneniu kontramaticami 7. Piestnica 4 je na oboch koncoch opatřená kuželom 9 vsadeným do kužeíovej dutiny 10 v dne plunžra 3 a závitom 11, na ktorý je v dutina plunžra £ naskrutkovaná matica 12 piestnica 4. Valoc 5 jo opatřený ložkami pra upavnenia dvoch čapov 13, ktorých spoločná os js kolmlcou osi valca 6. Čapy 13 prechádzajú ložiskami 14 vytvořenými v dvoch ramenách £5, 16 vzpary 17 ktorými vzpěra 17 obopina válec 6. Druhý koniec vzpěry 17 je zakotvený sférickým čapom 18 v konzole 19 upevnansj na strednej časti nápravy 20. Rúrka 21 vytvárajúca teleso valca 6 je v střede dížky po obvode prelisovaná a vo vnútri prelisu 22 je vytvořený závit do ktorého je naskrutkovaná přepážka 5. Plunžre £ spojené piestnicou 4 sú uložené v ložiskách 23 vložených do dutin valca 6. Každé ložisko 23 je v axiálnom smere zaistené závěrným krúžkom 25, ktorý je opatřený drážkou s radiálnymi otvormi 26. Závěrný krúžok 25 je piestený drotom 27 zapadajúcim polovicou priemeru do drážky krúžku a druhou polovicou do drážky 28 vytvorenej vo válci fi. Válec 6 je na oboch koncoch opatřený uzáverom 29, v ktororn je vytvořená drážka pre uloženie stieracieho krúžku 30. Na osadenom vonkajšom priemere uzávěru 29 je závitová plocha 31 ohraničená vnútorným čelom 32 a vonkajšim čelom 33. Vonkajšie čelo 33 sa opiera o čelo valca 6 a medzi vonkajšie čelo 33 a čelo valca je vložené tesnenie 34. Dutina medzi čelom závěrného krúžku 25 a vnútorným čelom 32 uzávěru 29 je priestor pre tesnenie 35 plunžra £. Přivedením tlakového oleja do jednej z komor 36, 37 dochádza k posúvaniu spojovacej tyče voči válců 6, ktorý ja upútaný v strednej časti nápravy 20 vzpěrou 17. V dosledku toho sa obe kolesá natáčajú do rejdu. Vzpěra 17 svojim sférickým čapom 18 a ložiskami 14 umožňuje spojovacej tyči sledovat priestorový pohyb gulových čapov 2. Pri zmene rozchodu vysunutím nástavcov 8 zo strednej časti nápravy 20 sa upraví dížka spojovacej tyče otáčanim plunžrov 3 vzájomne spojených piestnicou 4. Přitom kontramatice 7 sú uvolněné. V dosledku opačného stúpania závitov vytvořených v dutině plunžrov spojovacia tyč mění svoju dížku při otáčaní plunžrov.The hydrostatic steering mechanism is formed by ball pins 2 on the control levers 48 mounted on the vertical wheel pins 48. The ball pin head shaft 2 is screwed into a thread formed in the cavity of the plunger 3 connected to the piston rod 4 through the bulkhead 5 fixed in the cylinder cavity 6. Downstream of the partition 5 the piston rods 4, the plunger 3 and the head shaft 4 are The piston 4 is provided at both ends with a cone 9 inserted into the cone cavity 10 at the bottom of the plunger 3 and threaded thereon to which it is screwed into the cavity of the plunger 6. the piston nut 4. The cylinder 5 is provided with bearings for mounting two pins 13, the common axis of which is the axis of the cylinder 6. The pins 13 pass through bearings 14 formed in the two arms 64, 16 of the strut 17 through which the strut 17 surrounds the cylinder 6. 17 is anchored by a spherical pin 18 in a bracket 19 fastened to the middle part of the axle 20. Tube 21 the cylinder body 6 is pressed in the center of the length of the circumference and a thread is formed inside the lip 22 into which the bulkhead 5 is screwed. The plungers 4 connected by the piston rod 4 are supported in bearings 23 inserted in the cavities of the cylinder. a closing ring 25, which is provided with a groove with radial openings 26. The closing ring 25 is plunged by a wire 27 engaging half of the diameter in the groove of the ring and the other half in the groove 28 formed in the cylinder f1. The cylinder 6 is provided at both ends with a closure 29 in which a groove for receiving the scraper ring 30 is formed. On the fitted outer diameter of the closure 29, the threaded surface 31 is delimited by the inner face 32 and the outer face 33. a seal 34 is inserted between the outer face 33 and the face of the cylinder 34. The cavity between the end of the stop ring 25 and the inner face 32 of the closure 29 is the space for the seal 35 of the plunger 6. By supplying the pressurized oil to one of the chambers 36, 37, the connecting rod is displaced relative to the rollers 6, which are tethered in the middle of the axle 20 by a strut 17. As a result, the two wheels are swiveling. The strut 17 with its spherical pin 18 and bearings 14 allows the tie rod to follow the spatial movement of the ball pins 2. When changing the track by extending the extensions 8 from the middle of the axle 20, the tie rod length is adjusted by rotating the plungers 3 connected to each other by a piston rod. As a result of the opposite pitch of the threads formed in the plunger cavity, the connecting rod changes its length as the plungers rotate.

Claims

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

A hydrostatic steering with ball joints on steering levers mounted on vertical wheel studs, characterized in that the shaft (1) of the ball joint head (2) is screwed into the lock nut (7) and into the thread formed in the plunger cavity (3) connected to a piston rod (4) passing through the partition (5) mounted in the cavity of the cylinder (6), with the piston rods (4), plunger (3), lock nut (7) and head shaft (1) arranged behind the partition (5). in the opposite sense, the pitch of the thread formed in the plunger cavity (3).

2. Mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston (4) is provided at both ends with a cone (9) inserted into the conical cavity (10) in the bottom of the sleeve (3) and a thread (11) on which the plunger (3). a screwed nut (12) of the piston rod (4).

x

CS 272 731 Bl

3. The mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the tube (21) forming the tslsso of the cylinder (6) is pressed over the circumference of the length of the length and a thread is formed inside the overlap (22) into which the partition (5) is screwed.

4. Mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the roller (6) is provided with bearings for fixing two pins (13) whose common axis is perpendicular to the axis of the roller (6), the pins (13) pass through bearings (14) formed in two arms. (15), (16) struts (17) by which the strut (17) surrounds the cylinder (6); wherein the other end of the strut (17) is anchored by a spherical pin (18) in a bracket (19) mounted on the central part of the axle (20).

5. The mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the plungers (3) connected by the piston rod (4) are mounted in bearings (23) inserted into the cavities of the cylinder (8), each of which is secured in the axle. an axial direction by the closing ring (25); which is circumferentially provided with a groove and radial openings (26), the locking ring (25) being secured by a wire (27) engaging half its diameter in its groove (a) with a second half in the groove (28) formed in the cylinder (6) whose depth is larger than the diameter of the wire (27),

6. Mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylinder (6) is provided at both ends with a closure (29) in which a groove for receiving the scraper ring (30) is formed, on the stepped outer diameter of the closure (29) 31) bounded by an inner face (32) and an outer face (33), the outer face (33) resting against the face of the cylinder (6) and a seal (34) inserted between the outer face (33) and the face of the cylinder (6);

7. The mechanism according to claim 1, 5 and 6, characterized in that a seal (35) of the plunger (3) is interposed between the face of the stop ring (25) and the inner face (32) of the closure (29).