CS270719B1 - Device for solid particles separation,placed in boiler's draught - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed device provides separation particulate matter from the exhaust gas from the boiler furnace. At the bottom of the device there is an ash outlet (6) over which they are on the snakes the heat transfer surface (1) of the pressure system of the boiler is fitted with protective blinds (2), by which solid particles are separated from the stream flue gas. Protective blinds (2) are checkered arranged in a direction perpendicular to the current the flue gas supplied through the inlet (7) z firebox. The above solution is used above all in fluid recirculation boilers coal boilers or regeneration boilers where low concentration is required solid particles in the flue gas fed to other boiler moves.

Description

The invention relates to a device for separating solid particles from flue gases leaving a fluidized bed into further boiler drafts.

In the combustion of solid fuels in fluidized bed furnaces, a portion of the ash, consisting of unburned fuel residues, ash and unreacted additives, is carried from the hearth to the ash separators. From there, the separated ash is fed either back to the fluidized bed furnace or to the ash management outside the fluidized bed boiler for further processing or disposal. Separation of solid particles from flue gases is usually performed by cyclone separators, louver separators, labyrinth separators or gravity separators. The simplest gravity separator uses a decrease in flue gas velocity to sort out solid particles from the flue gas. 3e space-consuming and separation efficiency is low. Therefore, in order to increase the separation efficiency, flue gas streams containing a large concentration of solid particles of the barrier are introduced into the path, most often in the form of blinds. The ashes hit them, lose their momentum, fall out of the flue gas stream and are discharged to the dumps at the bottom of the separator. Blinds are used horizontally, obliquely or vertically perpendicular to the direction of flowing flue gases. Due to the high temperatures of the concentrated flue gases at the outlet of the fluidized bed (500 to 1,000 ° C), they are not only exposed to the thermal and erosive action of the hot flue gases, but are also exposed to corrosion. Cyclo new separators are exposed to thermal and mainly erosive action of separated ash.

These disadvantages, resulting in particular from the high metal temperatures of the blinds, are reduced by the design of the solids separation device according to the invention. Its essence is that the vertical blinds are checkerboard suspended in a direction perpendicular to the flowing flue gases to adjacent vertical trunks of the heat exchange surface connected to the boiler pressure system (e.g. evaporator), by which they are cooled and at the same time form a protective system against erosion of ash.

Another advantage of the embodiment of the device for separating solid particles according to the invention is that the built-in coils of the heat exchange surface moved into the space of the separator allow a more compact construction of the fluidized bed boiler with less space requirements.

An embodiment of a device for separating solid particles from flue gases according to the invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows an example of the location and suspension of blinds, Fig. 2 shows an example of hanging blinds on another heat exchange surface and Fig. 3 shows an example of another embodiment. ash dumps.

The device for the separation of solid particles is located in the draft of the boiler, defined by the side walls 2, the ceiling 6 and the hopper 5, under which the ash 6 outlet is discharged. On the heat exchange surface 6 arranged vertically, the blinds 2 are each mounted on adjacent two vertical pipes so as to form a checkerboard arrangement in the direction perpendicular to the flow of flue gases entering the device through the inlet opening 2. In the rear wall there is an outlet 2 of cleaned flue gases. The vertical snakes of the heat exchange surface e pass through the ceiling e, above which the upper drum 2 is, and at the bottom they enter the lower drum 10 via the ash hopper 2. The heat exchange surface e is connected to the evaporator system of the boiler. The last rows of coils of the heat exchange surface £ in the direction of the flue gas flow do not have to be provided with protective blinds 2.

The enclosed Fig. 2 differs from Fig. 1 only in that the vertical snakes of the heat exchange surface 2 open into the upper chambers 11 at the top and into the lower chambers 12 at the bottom, with which they are connected to the boiler pressure system.

Giant. 3 differs from FIG. 1 only by the location of the ash hopper £ at the first rows of snakes of the heat exchange surface £ and the subsequent displacement of the ash discharges £.

The device for separating solid particles from flue gases according to the invention is preferably used in

CS 270719 B1 for the construction of fluidized bed boilers with ash recirculation of small and medium outputs and can also be used as an additional solids separator in the reconstruction of conventional coal boilers or regeneration boilers and everywhere where less valuable high-ash fuel is burned.

Claims (1)

SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION Device for the separation of solid particles, located in the draft of a boiler with a bottom formed by at least one ash hopper with an outlet, characterized in that at least two of the built-in snakes of the heat exchange surface (1) are provided in at least two rows with blinds (2) perpendicular to the flue gas stream are arranged in a checkerboard pattern, overlapping in a direction perpendicular to the flue gas inlet (7).