CS270587B2 - Filling material for refractory bags - Google Patents

Description

(57)

The filler material comprises sand or granular refractory material of similar specific gravity and a swelling component, 25 to 60% by volume refractory material, 20 to 55% by volume perlite or other thermal insulator and 20 to 40% by volume swelling component which are sodium-enriched and dried gel grains of silicic acid. The refractory material contains 8 to 15 percent by volume of bentonite. The swelling component contains 60 to 80% waterglass and 40% gel-forming additives, for example chlolo. sodium carbonate or sodium carbonate.

her

I. * έ

CS 270 587 B2

270 587 (11) (13) B2 (51) Int. Cl. ⁴

OJ C 04 В 35/62,

OJ C 09 К 21/00

CS 270 587 B2

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a refractory filler material comprising sand or granular refractory material of the same specific weight and a swelling component.

In the construction of buildings, measures are often taken to prevent the spread of fires, especially ¹ during construction for industrial purposes. The resulting fires spread rapidly throughout the building under construction. The main reason for the rapid spread of fire is that the openings for the passage of different cables and wiring in the walls dividing the building space are not properly sealed so that the fire can spread very quickly through the burning cables.

A number of means are known for fire protection of conduit and cable passages. These are, for example, various inserts, bushings and devices inserted into the partition walls at the points where the cable passageways are made by inserting the cables into the refractory material. Similar cable protections are described in CS АО 6. 243080 a.OE-OS 34 19 352.

Another known method of fire protection for a cable passage is to fill the gap between the cable and the wall with a hot foaming, expanding or flame-stopping gas generating material.

Such passages and their sealing are usually performed only after completion of the assembly work, just before the building is put into use. Until then, the openings on the cable ducts are usually not obscured or are only clogged by temporarily accidentally collected waste building materials such as stones or mineral wool. However, this is not sufficient to protect the building against the spread of fire after laying cables, as their passages should be temporarily properly sealed.

Sacks wrapped in openings around the cables are also used for temporary fire-retardant sealing against the spread of fire. Originally, asbestos bags filled with asbestos waste were used for these purposes. These bags were discontinued when asbestos was found to be harmful. Then the bags used for this purpose were made of synthetic foil filled with loose pieces of mineral wool. Synthetic film packaging was easily damaged and melted quickly in the event of a fire, causing the filler material to disperse and become ineffective. The filler material was also scattered by objects falling during the fire and ripping the packaging. For these reasons, these bags have also ceased to be used and have been replaced by a rigid canvas wrap, possibly refractory. .

However, this procedure also has a number of disadvantages. Although the tarpaulin packaging was much stronger than the original foil bags, it was not able to withstand the mechanical and thermal loads generated during the fire. It was also torn or burnt during the fire. A further disadvantage was that, with a longer thermal effect, the mineral wool precipitated at a temperature of about 700 ° C, thereby substantially reducing its sealing effect and thus the protection against the spread of fire.

In order to overcome this disadvantage, the cover material of the bag was partially or completely covered with a hot foaming material. The disadvantage of this process is that the heat-foaming material does not have sufficient swelling capacity to penetrate the gaps and, in addition, the foaming or swelling layer gradually loses its swelling capacity due to microbes, fungi or moisture.

The main feature of commonly used sealing bags is that the filler is a mineral wool treated to swell by about 50 volume percent at 280 ° C. However, this swelling occurs only in the open, which means that when such a bag is pushed into the through hole, the material is unable to swell to penetrate the gaps and constrictions because the tensile strength of the swelling material is low and therefore cannot provide the desired perfect seal .

CS 2705-7 B2

The sealing insert known from CSA No. 243 080 is provided with a refractory casing in which a readily fusible inner casing is inserted and 80 to 99 percent by weight of the filler is a refractory granular filler material and 1 to 20 percent by weight is a free decelerating retardant material . The refractory and granulated material may be quartz sand, fly ash, swollen perlite, or other mineral filler material. The swelling-delaying material comprises 15-25% by volume ammonium phosphate, 5-15% by weight of polyalcohol and 4-14% by weight of centrity, urotropin or melanin.

While these filler materials currently used have a number of advantages, their considerable disadvantage is that the filler swells only at a relatively high temperature (at 260 to 280 ° C for the best solution currently in use) at which the fire began to spread, but the swelling rate was far below the desired value.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a filler material for refractory seal bags which, under the effect of heat, increases its volume at a much lower temperature and substantially greater extent than the previously used seal bags. penetration into the gaps of the through holes.

The object of the present invention is to provide a filler material for refractory sacks comprising sand or granular refractory material of the same specific weight and a swelling component, further comprising 25 to 60 volume percent refractory material, 20 to 55 volume percent perlite or other thermal insulator; 20 to 40% by volume of the swelling component, which are sodium-enriched and dried grains of silica gel. The refractory material contains 8 to 15 percent by volume of bentonite. The swelling component comprises 60 to 80% waterglass and 40 to 20% gel forming ingredients, for example sodium chloride or sodium carbonate. The admixture for forming the gel is sodium carbonate.

The filler material according to the invention has a number of advantages over the prior art solutions. The filler used in the bags begins to expand by volume at more than 100 ° C lower than the best traditional sealing bags. The swelling component of the filler material reaches a considerable volume at 150 ° C in 3 minutes.

A further advantage of the filler material is that heat becomes a resilient plastic in which gas bubbles cannot be cracked. Therefore, foaming occurs at higher than normal pressure. This usually results in a large volume change and perfect sealing of the through holes.

It is also an advantage of the invention that, after swelling, the filler solidifies and forms a solid tight wall in the tight opening and that no harmful gases are evolved and emitted during its production even in the event of fire.

The composition of the filling material ensures optimum mechanical and thermal insulation properties of the filling.

Further details of the invention will be described by way of example:

Example 1

A silica gel was prepared from a mixture of 80 4 water glass and 20 4 sodium chloride. The gel was dried at room temperature for 48 hours and then crushed in a hammer crusher to a grain diameter of about 3 mm.

CS 270 587 B2

The gel grains were poured into the furnace where the temperature was gradually raised. The grains began to swell at 140 ° C and swell to 8-10 times their original size within 3 minutes after reaching 150 ° C.

Example 2

The silica gel was prepared from a mixture of 60% waterglass and 40% sodium carbonate. The gel was dried at 75 ° C for 8 hours and then crushed in a roller crusher. The fragments obtained were about 4 mm in size.

The gel grains were poured into the hearth and heated up to about 150 ° C to swell their original volume 6-8 times.

Example 3.

The fire resistance test was performed according to DIN 4102 specification with traditional sealing bags and with sealing bags containing the filler material according to the invention. Various sealing bags have been tested, gradually. During the test, an opening of 80 x 40 cm, made in the upper horizontal wall of the furnace fitted with a burner, was gradually sealed by various sealing bags of width 35 cm. Vertical through holes for cables were made in the opening. The hole contained three 40 mm diameter cables and twelve 6 mm diameter cables. These smaller cables were passed through a hole in the metal sheath.

Thermocouples for temperature sensing, measured on the outer surface of the opening (on the surface, sacks, cable insulation and the cables themselves) were connected to various places of the opening. The test was carried out for 1.5 hours, the furnace was heated from 0 ° C to 1000 ° C in about half an hour.

A portion of the bags tested contained a filler material according to the invention of 40 volume percent sand, 32 volume percent perlite and 25 volume percent swelling material according to Example 1. The sand contained 5 volume percent bentonite. These samples were labeled A.

The filling of the other sealing bags (samples B) had this composition;

- swelling filler according to example 3 ................................ 35 4

- quartz powder ..................................... 35%

- ground fireclay ......................................... 30%

A sack of glazed fabric containing the filler was impregnated with Alucot T-250, a silicone-based refractory mixture.

The test was also performed with commercially available sealing bags, some of which contained a specially treated mineral wool padding (samples C) and the other part filled with a mineral wool mattress covered with heat-foaming material (samples 0).

The results of the test are summarized in the table below:

the type of sealing bag according to the invention hitherto used

А В CO measured maximum temperature during the test

140 [deg.] C

145 ° C

Mp 203 ° C 185 ° C

CS 270 587 B2

To evaluate the table, it should be noted that DIN 4102 permits a maximum temperature of 180 ° C on the outer surface of the sealed part during the 1.5 hour test.

The examples shown demonstrate that the sealing bags filled with the material of the invention have more favorable characteristics in all respects than the sealing bags sold. The seal is safe, efficient and durable; in the event of fire, the filler material swells more rapidly and to a greater extent than the materials used hitherto, creating a solidifying tight wall in the opening.

The invention is not limited to the examples given. The filler material of the invention may be prepared in a different composition within the stated weight percent ranges.

The filler material according to the invention for refractory bags is most often used on unfinished buildings and wherever there is a risk of fire due to insufficient securing of cables. ’

Claims (5)

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION A filler material for refractory sacks comprising sand or granular refractory material of similar specific gravity and a swelling component, further comprising 25 to 60 volume percent refractory material, 20 to 55 volume percent perlite or other thermal insulator, and 20 to 40 percent by volume of the swelling component, which is sodium-enriched and dried silica gel gel grains. · 2. The filler material of claim 1, wherein the refractory material comprises Θ to 15 volume percent bentonite. 3. A padding material according to claim 1, wherein the swelling component comprises 60 to 80% waterglass and 40 to 20% g eluting ingredients. 4. The padding material of claim 3 wherein the gel forming additive is sodium chloride. 5. The padding material of claim 3 wherein the gel forming additive is sodium carbonate.