CS269554B1 - Fumigent - Google Patents

Abstract

The solution is aimed at a means intended for controlling potato germination. The means consists of a volatile active ingredient, e.g., propofem, chlorprophem, methyl ether of 1-naphthylacetic acid, maleic acid hydrazide, etc., an incendiary propellant mixture based on 1,5 methane-3,7-dinitroso-1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane and a flame regulator. The essence is the use, as a flame regulator, of water-insoluble urea-phosphoraldehyde condensates, zeolites, triethyl phosphates, N.N.N.biscarbamoylhydrazine individually or in a mixture with sulfonated lignin compounds, trioxane or sicylene oxide derivatives, in an amount of 0.1 to 40% by weight of the total weight of the means.

Description

The invention relates to a means for preventing the germination of edible and commercial potatoes in fan-ventilated warehouses.

□Currently common anti-germination agents for potatoes are applied in powder form during storage. The use of powder preparations in large warehouses is not technically feasible and therefore they are used in liquid form. These are evaporated or sprayed, e.g. with compressed air. The above methods are troublesome, time-consuming and have low labor productivity. An important position is occupied by anti-germination nozzles, which consist of an active ingredient with pesticidal effect and an incendiary propellant mixture. Propellant mixtures contain compounds releasing nitrogen or carbon dioxide, such as azodicarbonamide and/or N,N-dinitrosopentaethylenetetramine (Oap. Pat. No. 57, 55,378; 60 42,302 and No. 81 77,202, etc.). In order to improve stability and reliability, the above-mentioned compositions contain, for example, nitroquinidine, nitrocellulose, CH-cellulose, diatomaceous earth, granulated calcium metal, powdered carbon, manganese dioxide, trontium nitrate, aastenite, and glass fibers (Oap. Pat. No. 58 140,002; No. 58 32,801; No. 58 172,303; 6. 81 75, 402).

The above list of modifiers extends the present invention, which relates to a fumigant consisting of a volatile insecticide and/or fungicide, a bactericide, or another pesticidal agent, an incendiary propellant mixture, and a flame retardant. As flame retardants, water-insoluble formaldehyde condensates, sulfonated compounds, lignin, zeolites, triaryl phosphates, alkylene oxide or siloxane derivatives, trioxane, N,N^ bicarbamoylhydrazine, individually or in mixtures with each other in an amount of 0.1 to 40% by weight, based on the total weight of the fungant.

The advantage of this invention is the technical and economic availability of additives modifying the promotion of flameless combustion. The product has good physicochemical stability with respect to segregation and thermal effects. The correct interaction of the propellant and the combustion regulator ensures the release of an aerosol in the form of a dense layer in which the active substance is evenly dispersed, e.g. profem, chlorpropham, methyl ester of 1-naphthylacetic acid, maleic acid hydrazide, etc. The active substance is introduced in the air stream into a fan-ventilated storage of potatoes, where it settles. This substance kills the cells of the shoots of the eyes, so that cell division and thus the growth of the sprouts are inhibited. Suppression of respiration and transpiration leads to the preservation of nutrients and a reduction in weight by about 20%. Stored potatoes are full-fledged as food until the period of bridging the beginning of the new harvest. In addition to preserving the quality of edible potatoes, other advantages can be noted, such as the fact that the unloading technique can be used without failure until the end of the storage period and, during the bridging period for processed potatoes, the peeling time in peeling operations is significantly reduced.

The term water-insoluble urea-formaldehyde condensate refers to polymethylene ureas characterized by an initial molar ratio of formaldehyde to urea of 0.7 to 2.5, preferably 0.85 to 1.9.

The source of sulfonated lignin compounds is mainly pulp production. In these productions, chemical reactions of lignin and cooking chemicals occur. The essence of these reactions is the cleavage of the lignin-cellulose complex and the lignin macromolecule, while its solubility increases due to the influence of the resulting hydrophilic groups. Lignosulfonic acids react inside the cell wall with cations of cooking solutions to form lignosulfonates, which then easily diffuse into the cooking medium. The leachate material from acid cooking processes is a clear solution of inorganic and organic compounds with a dry matter content of 9 to 14% by weight. About 65% of the dry matter content consists of lignin compounds, 25% of the acaridic fractions, which include simple pentheses and hexoses, aldonic and alduronic acids, and the remaining 10% are inorganic compounds such as sulfur dioxide, sodium, magnesium, calcium, and ammonium sulfates. The carbohydrate content can be changed, for example, by biological treatment, after which the content of reducing carbohydrates is reduced to 0.1 to 0.2% by weight, based on the sulfite leachate. For the isolation of ligno2 acids

CS 269554 For the treatment of sulfonic and sulfite leachates, there are a number of methods, of which the following can be mentioned: membrane purification, adsorption, trituration, chemical precipitation, etc. Sulfonated lignin compounds as a regulator of heat can be used in the form of lignosulfonic acid. It is necessary to note that the lignosulfonic acid contained in the sulfite leachate is a highly polydisperse material. Its average relative molecular mass ranges from a few hundred to several thousand. It is generally known that low-molecular-weight lignosulfonic acid fractions are more sulfonated and have an almost linear structure of the macromolecular chain. With increasing molecular weight, the relative proportion of the sulfo group in the lignin macromolecule decreases in terms of one monomer unit, and the lignin fragments acquire a three-dimensional structure.

The application of lignosulfonic acid in the form of its sodium, calcium, magnesium, etc. salts is preferred. Separately or in a mixture. The products of precipitation of lignosulfonic acid, or its derivatives, with condensates prepared by condensation of amide derivatives of carbonic or thiocarbonic acid with aldehydes deserve attention.

Among the zeolites that are of practical importance for the preparation of fumigants, it is possible to mention, for example, natural clinoptilolite, modernite, chobazlite, erionlite, synthetic zeolites A, in Ha-, K- and Ca- forms, X in Na-, Ca- and Ba- forms, Y in Ne, Ca-, and NH- forms, synthetic mordenite in Na- and H- forms, omega in Na- and H- forms and ZSM zeolites.

The term trieryl phosphates refers to subatances of the general formula /RO-/ ₃ P » O, where R is phonyl, chlorine, reop. polychlorophenyl, bromine, reap; polybromophenyl, methyl, or dimethylphenyl, isopropyl, or diisopropylphenyl, isobutyl, or diisobutylphenyl, biphenyl, alkylchlorine, or alkylbromofonyl and the like. This group is characterized by a content of 5 to 10 X mass, phosphorus.

As oligomers and/or polymers based on alkylene oxide or siloxane derivatives, polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols, polydimethyl oxyoxanes, etc., whose average molecular weight does not exceed 25,000, are considered.

The parameters that influence the required amount of combustion regulators include the quality and quantity of other components, especially the composition of the propellant mixture. The content of combustion regulators ranges up to 40% by weight, only exceptionally is the upper limit exceeded.

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, by which the scope is not limited or exhausted.

Example 1

Available! It is ezo-dicarbonamide, 1,5-methane-3,7-dinltroso~1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctene and contains 5.0 X wt. 1,3,5-trinitroso-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane, chlorpropham, water-insoluble urea-formaldehyde condensate o eulphite leachates. From these raw materials, a fumigant is prepared for the ealaxer. d. azodicarbonamide wt. d. 1,5-methane-3,7-dinitroso-1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane wt. d. chlorpropham wt. d. urea formaldehyde condensate wt. d. dried eulphite liquor

Example 2

A fumigant with the following composition is prepared from the raw materials azo-dicarbonimide, 1,5-methano-3,7-dinitroso-1,3,5,7-tetrasacyclooctane as in Example 1, methyl ether of 1-naphthylacetic acid and zeolite clinoptilolite:

mass d. azo-dicarbonamide wt. d. 1,5-methane-3,7-dinitroso-1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane wt. d. 1-naphthylacetic acid netylether 25 wt. d. zeolite clinoptilolite.

CS 269554 Bl

Example 3

A fumigant with the following composition is prepared from the raw materials azodicarbonamide, 1,5-methano-3,7-dinitroso-1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane, propane, N _t N-biscarbamoylhydrazine and polyethylene glycol:

mass d. azo-dicarbonamide wt. d. 1,5-methane-3,7-dinitroso-1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane wt. d. Prof. Mass. d. N,Ò-bicarbamoylhydrasin wt. d. polyethylene glycol with an average molecular weight of 6,000.

Example 4

From the raw materials N,N-biscarbamoylhydrazine, 1,5-methano-3,7-dinitroso-1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane, maleic acid hydrazide, mixed triaryl phosphate, containing triphenyl phosphate and its various isopropylated derivatives, characterized by 7.49% by weight, phosphorus and trioxane, a fumigant with the following composition by weight is prepared: N,N-biscarbamoylhydrazine by weight 1,5-methano-3,7-dinitroso- _1,3,5 7-tetraazacyclooctane by weight maleic acid hydrazide by weight mixed triaryl phosphate by weight trioxane

Claims (1)

SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION Fumigant intended primarily for the protection and inhibition of potato germination, consisting of a volatile active ingredient, an incendiary propellant mixture based on 1,5-methano-3,7-dinitroso-1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane and a flame regulator, characterized in that it contains as flame regulators water-insoluble urea-formaldehyde condensates, zeolites, triaryl phosphates, Ν,Λ-biscarbamoylhydrazine individually or in mixtures with sulfonated lignin compounds, trioxane or alkylene oxide derivatives, in an amount of 0.1 to 40% by weight, based on the total mass of the fumigant»