CS268896B1 - Prefabricated sewer lining - Google Patents

Abstract

The lining is intended for linear excavations in cohesive rock. It consists of rings composed of arc segments placed on the bedrock sections, with the front side in the shape of a concave arc. The reverse side of the bedrock sections, facing the excavation, is straight and in both outer quarters of the length has a symmetrically formed continuous groove, parallel to the contact edge of the bedrock section and the adjacent arc segment. The continuous groove can be reinforced with a steel trough. The bedrock sections and arc segments can be double-layered, with an inner protective layer of ceramic plates, embedded in the reinforced concrete core by at least two anchor ribs.

Description

: .< .· ; i :·the invention·'Relates to a prefabricated sewer lining, intended in particular for linear excavations carved out in cohesive rock.

Sewers are most often built from pipes, placed in a trench, cut or installed by pushing. The technology used is generally determined by the geological conditions and/or the profile of the pipeline. Large-profile sewers are built from monolithic concrete or consist of rings or segments, similar to subway tunnels. A common drawback of all the mentioned technologies is the difficulty of maintaining the directional and height guidance of the work, especially in small-scale sewers with only a minimal gradient. This is most evident in dug sewers. In practice, a profile with a less rounded bottom appears to be suitable, allowing the lining to be placed on longitudinal reinforced concrete sills. However, even in this case, accurate sewer guidance is not guaranteed without the use of a number of complex rectification and strengthening aids.

The inner face of the sewer often needs to be protected against the aggressiveness of wastewater and against abrasion caused by erosion by drifts and/or by us. Glazed ceramics have proven to be the most suitable material. Therefore, in the case of sewers with a large profile, the inner surface is often additionally lined with glazed ceramic elements. However, the lining can only be done in the lower half of the sewer profile, because with a negative slope the elements do not stick and fall off. Another disadvantage is the great laboriousness in unfavorable conditions inside the excavation and the reduction of the useful profile of the sewer; causing an increase in the volume of the excavation. ....... ......

The aforementioned shortcomings are eliminated by the prefabricated sewer lining, intended especially for linear excavations dug in cohesive rock, assembled from rings composed of individual arched segments placed on the foundation sections, with joint joints filled with a binding sealant. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the foundation sections, with a front side in the shape of a concave arch, are provided with a straight back side facing the excavation, while at least in both extreme quarters of the length of the straight back side ^- a continuous groove is symmetrically formed, parallel to the contact edge of the foundation section and the adjacent arched segment. The continuous groove can be advantageously reinforced with a steel trough. The arched segments and foundation sections are made of reinforced concrete and can have a front side provided with glazed ceramic plates, embedded with at least two anchoring ribs in the reinforced concrete core.

Compared to the known method of placing rings with a rounded lower surface on reinforced concrete longitudinal sills, the solution according to the invention has an indisputable advantage. The continuous grooves of the straight back side of the bottom section, especially if they are reinforced with a steel trough, guarantee precise assembly on the height and directionally rectified rails laid on the bottom of the excavation. The solution allows for the gradual assembly of the rings backwards, in the direction towards the mouth of the excavation, which is considerably advantageous, especially since it is not necessary to move the assembled part of the sewer with heavy transport mechanisms. On the contrary, the prefabricated sections are loaded into the excavation by rail transport, i.e. with minimal friction resistance and with great energy savings.

.....- '—0 _νΟ Layered arch segments,·-formed by a reinforced concrete core,.in which glazed ceramic plates are concreted with their anchoring ribs, are produced in molds for standard parts, for example, subway track tunnels. It is therefore not necessary to purchase a new, expensive special mold. The walls of the segment can be slender, because their entire cross-section is load-bearing.

□e it is possible to protect not only the lower half, but the entire inner face of the sewer, while reducing the volume of the necessary excavation. By using the prefabricated lining according to the invention, there is a significant reduction in labor and a significant saving in construction costs. It is also impossible to ignore the fact that manual work underground is limited to the necessary minimum.

In the attached drawings, Fig. 1 shows a cross-section of the cut with the prefabricated sewer lining installed. Fig. 2 shows a section through the segment.

The implementation of the prefabricated lining according to the invention is further illustrated by the following examples.

CS 268896 Bl

Example 1

The prefabricated sewer lining for linear excavations, excavated in cohesive rock, is assembled from rings, composed of individual, unequally sized, arcuate segments 6, placed on the soil panels χ, with the joint joints filled with a binding sealant. The soil panels 2 have a front side 2 in the shape of a concave arc and are provided with a straight back side 3 facing the excavation. On the back side 3, they have a continuous groove 4 in both outer quarters; parallel to the joint edge-, .

of the base section 2 ^and the adjacent arch segment 6. Both continuous grooves 4 are reinforced with a concreted steel trough, mounted on a directional and height-rectified rail 5, placed on the base of the excavation.

Example 2

The prefabricated sewer lining, made in the same way as in example 1, has two-layered base panels 2 and arch segments 6. Their front surface is formed by a glaze 12 of an inner protective layer 7 composed of ceramic plates 21» embedded in a reinforced concrete core 14 by six anchoring ribs 13.

First, a linear cut is made. Any tectonic faults are reinforced with rock anchors. A pair of rails 5 are placed at the bottom of the cut, which are precisely rectified in both direction and height. Prefabricated sections are loaded into the cut using rail transport and assembled using assembly mechanisms so that the bottom section 2 ^8e is placed with its continuous grooves 4 on the rectified rails 5 and the arch segments 6 are assembled on it. The assembly is carried out backwards, towards the mouth of the cut, so that it is not necessary to move the assembled part of the lining.

Claims (3)

SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION 1. Prefabricated sewer lining for linear excavations, excavated in cohesive rock, assembled from rings composed of individual arc segments placed on the bedrock sections with joint joints filled with a binding sealant, characterized in that the bedrock sections (1), with a face side (2) in the shape of a concave arc, are provided with a straight back side (3) facing the excavation, while at least in both outer quarters of the length of the straight back side (3) a continuous groove (4) is symmetrically formed, parallel to the contact edge of the bedrock section (1) and the adjacent arc segment (6). 2. prefabricated lining according to item 1, characterized in that the continuous groove (4) is reinforced with a steel trough. '3.' prefabricated lining - according to points 1 or 2, characterized in that the arch segments (6) and the floor panels (1) are made of reinforced concrete and are provided on the front side with glazed ceramic plates (11), embedded with at least two anchor ribs (13) into the reinforced concrete core (14).