CS267062B1

CS267062B1 - Connection of six-port reflectometer

Info

Publication number: CS267062B1
Application number: CS864430A
Authority: CS
Inventors: Juraj Ing Papso; Vladimir Ing Csc Bilik; Jan Ing Csc Bezek; Vladimir Ing Csc Raffaj; Jan Prof Ing Csc Melichercik
Original assignee: Papso Juraj; Bilik Vladimir; Bezek Jan; Raffaj Vladimir; Melichercik Jan
Priority date: 1986-06-16
Filing date: 1986-06-16
Publication date: 1990-02-12
Also published as: CS443086A1

Abstract

Riešenie patří do oblasti mikrovlnnéj techniky a rieši sa v ňom jednoduchý typ konfigurácie šesťportového reflektometra, ktorý slúži na meranie koeficienta odrazu ró. Jeho podstatou je, že přepínáním v reflexnom fázovom posúvači sa dosiahne uhlové natočenie troch q-bodov šesťportového reflektometra, ktorý obsahuje len dva detektory a jeho konfigurácia je širokopásmová. Uvedeného účinku sa dosahuje tým, že generátor je připojený na prvú smerovú odbočnicu, na ktorú je připojený jednak prvý detektor, jednak reflexný fázový posúvač a jednak druhá směrová odbočnica. Na druhů smerovú odbočnicu je připojený jednak druhý detektor, jednak svorka pre pripojenie meranej zátaže a jednak bezodrazová záťaž.The solution belongs to the field of microwave technology and it deals with a simple type of configuration of a six-port reflectometer, which is used to measure the reflection coefficient ró. Its essence is that by switching in the reflective phase shifter, an angular rotation of three q-points of a six-port reflectometer is achieved, which contains only two detectors and its configuration is broadband. The above effect is achieved by connecting the generator to the first directional branch, to which the first detector, the reflective phase shifter and the second directional branch are connected. The second directional branch is connected to the second directional branch, the second detector, the terminal for connecting the measured load and the non-reflective load.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the connection of a six-port reflector to measure the reflection coefficient of a connected load. The six-port reflector is based on a linear six-port. The six-port state is determined by twelve variables, which can be the input and output waves with the amplitudes a ^ ab ^, where i takes values from 1 to 6.

On a measuring port measuring unknown load, waves are marked as follows:

For reflectometer performances:

where is the reflection coefficient of the measured load and are the so-called q-points reflectometer. Several types of six-port reflectometer configurations are currently known. According to Samuel and Li Bosisius, a six-port reflector with probes is known whose port 4 samples the wave b and ports 1 to 3 have the emerging waves b ^ = c ^ b (+ + e ^ 2 ^ ', where c ^ is the probe bond coefficient and · θ = is the electrical distance of the probe from the measuring plane, and for the distance of the probes, the q-points lie on the unit circle.

Also known is a six-port reflector with directional couplers with shorted arm. For a wave output from the i-th port (i = 1, 2, 3) is true

where is the bond coefficient of the respective coupler

is the electrical distance of the coupler from the directional plane a

is the electrical distance of the short circuit from the coupler, where cL is half the distance that the wave must pass in addition to the wave b to enter the i-th detector. The q-point position can be adjusted by the short-circuit position. The authors are Potter and Snowden. Six-port reflectors with hybrids, power dividers and directional couplers are also known. One of the various configurations proposed by Engen has four 3 dB couplers and one 6 dB coupler. The professional reflectometer was constructed by Griffin, having all 3 dB directional couplers. The six-port reflector with symmetrical five-port adjustment, designed by Riblet and Hanson, includes one directional coupler responding only to the incident wave and a symmetrically matched five port. The advantage of this configuration is a simple construction and an ideal q-point layout.

Also known is a six-port wound reflectometer, designed by Collier and Nabil-El-Deeb. Its advantage is a simple configuration, but the disadvantage is the non-ideal distribution of q-points.

A six-port reflector is also known as a three-port reflector. Its advantage is one detector, which is used to measure all outputs. The disadvantage is the need for a precise attenuator and amplitude modulator.

A common disadvantage of the currently used six-port reflectometer configurations is their complex configuration, or in most cases the use of four detectors, or narrow bandwidth use.

The above drawbacks are substantially eliminated by the inclusion of a six-port reflector consisting of a generator, two detectors and a load-sensing terminal according to the invention, the principle of which is that the generator is connected to the first directional coupler to which the first detector is connected and the reflective phase shift and second directional coupler. A second detector is connected to the second directional coupler, as well as a non-reflective load and a terminal for connection of the measured load. The advantages of the invention are that the number of detectors required is reduced to two of the usual four, thereby increasing the measurement accuracy. The disadvantage of the narrowband double directional coupler is eliminated by using two directional taps. The configuration is very simple, has an optimal q-point distribution, it is possible to achieve an optimal angular displacement between the q-points of 120 ° and -120 °.

In the accompanying drawing, FIG. 1 shows a circuit diagram of a six-port reflector according to the invention, and FIG. 2 shows an optimal distribution of q-points.

The connection according to the invention, as shown in Fig. 1, consists of a generator 5 connected to a first directional branch 3 to which a first detector 1, a reflective phase shifter T and a second directional branch i are connected. a second detector 2, a non-reflective load and a terminal 6 for connecting the measured load are connected.

The first and second directional couplers 2 »A have c ^, c2 ·

The actual operation of the six-port reflectometer of the present invention is as follows. The signal from generator 5 passes through first directional branch 3, where it is branched into two parts. The first part of the signal is reflected on the reflective phase shifter 2 and impinges on the first detector 2. The reflective phase shifter 7 has a reflection coefficient equal to = r, whereby the reflection coefficient is close to the unit (r ^ 2; 1). ) and the phase indicates the angular distribution of q-points. The second part of the signal passes through the second directional coupler 11, where it is again divided into two parts. Of these, one hits the second detector 2, responding only to the wave b incident on the load, and the other part of the signal impinging on the measured load connected to the terminal 6 to connect the measured load, bounces off it and after passing through the second and first directional taps 2 it falls on the first detector 11 where it is added to the signal portion reflected from the reflective phase shifter 11. is the electrical signal path between the directional coupler and the reference plane in which the reflection coefficient of the measured load is measured; and θ2 is the electrical path of the signal between the directional coupler and the reflective phase shift. the q-points system as a whole will not rotate when frequency changes. The reflective phase shifter 11 may be implemented as a sliding short-circuit, but an electronically controlled broadband reflector may be preferred.

For the q-points system, the relationship applies

Claims

Original document published without claims.