CS263593B1 - Leather processing - Google Patents
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- CS263593B1 CS263593B1 CS879831A CS983187A CS263593B1 CS 263593 B1 CS263593 B1 CS 263593B1 CS 879831 A CS879831 A CS 879831A CS 983187 A CS983187 A CS 983187A CS 263593 B1 CS263593 B1 CS 263593B1
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Abstract
Rieši sa problém opracovania usní s ciel'om dosiahnutia originálneho výsledného designu usne. Podstata spočívá v tom, že sa useň po vykonaní základných operácií vo v-lhkom stave nakrčí, vákuovo predsuší pri teplote 80 až 90 °C po dobu 3 až 7 minút na obsah vlhkosti 20- až 30 %-nej, nechá sa kondicionovať po dobu 20 až 24 hodin, dalej sa strieka roztokom farieb, připadne kondicionuje až do 24 hodin a v poslednej fáze sa v napnutom stave suší do úplného vysušenia. Uvedený spůsob možno využiť v koželužskej výrobě.The problem of working leather with the goal is solved to achieve the original resultant design falls asleep. The essence is that the leather is made after execution basic operations in a light state wrinkles, vacuum-dried at 80 ° C to 90 ° C for 3 to 7 minutes for moisture content 20-30%, allowed to condition for 20 to 24 hours, then sprayed with a color solution, optionally conditioned up to 24 hours, and in the last phase, stretched dried to dryness. This method can be used in tanneries production.
Description
Vynález sa týká spósobu opracovania usní po predupravení, chrómočinení, postruhovaní, mazaní, farbení, lisovaní, vyrážaní a zaležaní na saniach.The invention relates to a method of working leather after pretreatment, chromium tanning, shearing, lubrication, dyeing, pressing, punching and sledging.
V súčasnosti sa v koželužskej výrobě používajú rózne spósoiby opracovania korigovaných a nekorigovaných usní. Usne sa upravujú transiparentnou, anilínovou, semianilínovou alebo krycou povrchovou úpravou.Nowadays, various tanning processes of treated and uncorrected leather are used in tanneries. The leather is treated with a trans-transparent, aniline, semianiline or opaque finish.
Na základnej surovině — koži vznikajú už za života zvieraťa rózne vady a ďalšie vady vznikajú na usniach pri ich spracovaní. Pre čiastočné zakrytie týchto vád sa okrem iných používajú spósoby dezénovania a potláčania usní s následným vysušením. Dezénovanie velkými dezénmi sa móže uskutečnit len do stanovených hrúbok usne, a to 1,2 mm a viac, aby bola zachovaná plasticita vzoru na usni. Pri predúprave sa využívá spósob opracovania vákuovým sušením, pričom vlhké usne sa vyrovnávajú na platni sušiaceho zariadenia.The basic raw material - the skin already develops during the life of the animal various defects and other defects arise in the leather during their processing. To partially obscure these defects, methods are used, among other things, for the design and suppression of the leather with subsequent drying. Large-tread embossing can only take place up to a specified leather thickness of 1.2 mm or more to maintain the plasticity of the leather pattern. Pre-treatment uses a vacuum drying method, wherein the moist leather is leveled on the drying plate.
Nevýhodou týchto spósobov je ich náročnost na čas, vysoké náklady na pomocné koželužské přípravky, drahé dezénovacie platné alebo potláčacie válce. Známy je tiež spósob opracovania usní s využitím dvojstupňového predsušenia, kde v prvom stupni je teplota 40 až 60 °C a v druhom stupni 25 až 35 °C. Iný známy spósob spočívá v rozmiestnení usní medzi ko.vovokeramickými proti sebe pohyblivými platňami, kde sa useň nahrieva, pomocou vákua sa úplné vysuší a potom upraví povrchovou úpravou. Nevýhodou uvedených spósobov je ich vysoká časová a energetická náročnost a zníženie variabilnosti spósobov následnej povrchovej úpravy ipri úplnom vysušení usne.The disadvantages of these methods are their time requirements, the high cost of tannery auxiliaries, expensive treading valid or suppressing rollers. Also known is a method of working leather using a two-stage pre-drying process wherein the temperature of the first stage is 40-60 ° C and the second stage is 25-35 ° C. Another known method is to distribute the leather between co-ceramic oppositely movable plates, where the leather is heated, dried completely under vacuum and then surface treated. The disadvantages of these methods are their high time and energy demands and the reduction of the variability of the subsequent surface treatment methods even when the leather is completely dried.
Uvedené nevýhody odstraňuje spósob opracovania usní podía vynálezu, ktorého podstata spočívá v tom, že usne sa vo vlhkom stave nakrčia na platní vákuovej sušiarne, predsušia sa pri teplote 80 až 90 °C po dobu 3 až 7 minút na obsah vlhkosti 20 až 30 %, v nakrčenom stave sa kondicinujú na saniach po dobu !20 až 24 hodin, ďalej sa striekajú roztokom farieb, po roztiahnutí sa připadne kondicionujú až do 24 hodin a v napnutom stave sa úplné vysušia.The above-mentioned disadvantages are eliminated by the method of working the leathers according to the invention, which consists in that the leathers are moistened on a vacuum dryer plate in a wet state, and dried at a temperature of 80 to 90 ° C for 3 to 7 minutes to a moisture content of 20 to 30%. in a wrinkled state, they are conditioned on the suction for 20 to 24 hours, then sprayed with a paint solution, after stretching, if necessary, they are conditioned for up to 24 hours and in the tensioned state are completely dried.
Technický účinok spósobu podía vynálezu spočívá v zamaskovaní vád povrchu usní, zvýšení ich kvality a využitelnosti v druhovýrobe. Zvýši sa tiež celková produktivita výroby usní. Uvedeným spósobom sa dosa93 huje originálneho desingnu pri úspoře nákladov na dezénovacie platné alebo potláčacie válce, zároveň sa zvýši úspora energie při dodržaní technologického času a zníži sa náročnost na rovnoměrné vyfarbenie usní.The technical effect of the method according to the invention consists in masking the surface defects of the leather, increasing their quality and usability in the secondary production. The overall productivity of leather production will also increase. In this way, the original design is achieved while saving the cost of tinting or printing rollers, while at the same time increasing energy savings while maintaining technological time and reducing the need for uniform coloring of the leather.
Spósob opracovania usní bližšie ozrejmujú následovně příklady.The working methods of leather are illustrated by the following examples.
PřikladlEXAMPLE
Chrómočinené bravčovicové usne o hrúbke 0,6 mm, predupravené běžnými pracovnými postupmi, vymazané, podfarbené, lisované, vyražené a zaležané na saniach, sa na platni vákuovej sušiarne napr. VACAMAT ručně nakrčili smerom od středu ku krajom. Potom sa usne predsušili pri teplote 80 °C po dobu 6 minút na obsah vlhkosti 30 %. Ďalej sa kondicionovali na saniach 22 hodin a striekali roztokom anilínových farieb. Po ručnom roztiahnutí sa znova kondiclonovali sa saniach v stohu po dobu 15 hodin a v poslednej fáze sa napli na rámy a sušili do úplného vysušenia.Chromium-plated lambskin of 0,6 mm thickness, pre-treated by standard working procedures, erased, tinted, pressed, embossed and sucked on a vacuum-drying plate, eg. VACAMAT crouched manually from center to edge. The leather was then dried at 80 ° C for 6 minutes to a moisture content of 30%. They were further conditioned on a sled for 22 hours and sprayed with aniline paint solution. After manual stretching, they were again conditioned in a stack in a stack for 15 hours and in the last stage they were stretched onto the frames and dried until completely dried.
Příklad?Example?
Chrómočinené hovádzinové usne o hrúbke 0,7 mm, predupravené a upravené ako v příklade 1, sa platni vákuovej sušiarne nakrčili postupom ako v přiklade 1. Potom sa usne predsušili pri teplote 85 °C po dobu 5 minút na obsah vlhkosti 24 %. Ďalej sa kondicionovali na saniach v stohu 24 hodin a striekali roztokom anilínových fareb. Po roztiahnutí sa kondicionovali na saniach v stohu po dobu 4 hodin a v poslednej fáze sa napli na rámy a sušili do úplného vysušenia.The 0.7 mm thick chrome-tanned cowhide, pretreated and treated as in Example 1, was wrinkled in a vacuum oven plate as in Example 1. The leather was then dried at 85 ° C for 5 minutes to a moisture content of 24%. They were then conditioned on a sled in a stack for 24 hours and sprayed with aniline paint solution. After stretching, they were conditioned on a stack in a stack for 4 hours, and in the last stage they were stretched onto the frames and dried until completely dried.
Příklad 3Example 3
Vyčinené telaciny o hrúbke 0,6 mm, predupravené a upravené ako v příklade 1, sa na platni vákuovej sušiarne nakrčili postupom ako v příklade 1. Potom sa predsušili pri teplote 90 °C po dobu 3 minút na obsah vlhkosti 22 %. Ďalej sa kondicionovali na saniach v stohu po dobu 20 hodin a farebne upravili. Po ručnom roztiahnutí kondicionovali sa, napli na rámy a úplné vysušili.The tanned 0.6 mm thick calves, pretreated and treated as in Example 1, were wrinkled on a vacuum oven plate as in Example 1. Then they were pre-dried at 90 ° C for 3 minutes to a moisture content of 22%. They were then conditioned on a sledge in a stack for 20 hours and color-adjusted. After manual stretching, they were conditioned, stretched onto the frames and dried completely.
Takto upravené usne možno použit v obuvníctve, koženej galantérii a odevníctve.Leather thus treated can be used in footwear, leather goods and clothing.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CS879831A CS263593B1 (en) | 1987-12-27 | 1987-12-27 | Leather processing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CS879831A CS263593B1 (en) | 1987-12-27 | 1987-12-27 | Leather processing |
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CS983187A1 CS983187A1 (en) | 1988-09-16 |
CS263593B1 true CS263593B1 (en) | 1989-04-14 |
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CS879831A CS263593B1 (en) | 1987-12-27 | 1987-12-27 | Leather processing |
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CS983187A1 (en) | 1988-09-16 |
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