CS262302B1 - Structural material, in particular for thermal aggregates - Google Patents

Abstract

The construction material consists of a carrier layer made of heat-resistant fabric, to which it is glued with an impermeable sealant consisting in mass quantities of 1 to 5% sodium fluorosilicate, 30 to 60% water glass and traces of up to 25% fine sand, the rest is one of a group of substances containing expanded fly ash, glass sand and electrocorundum, a thermal insulation layer mainly made of ceramic or basalt fiber.

Description

The invention relates to a construction material, in particular for heat aggregates, which can also be used in other fields either as a construction material or, optionally, for the thermal protection of building structures.

At present, refractory construction materials, steel materials and refractory steels are used for this purpose. In particular, in the case of higher temperatures, the metal materials must be insulated by refractory fibrous materials.

The common disadvantage of all these materials is their high weight, considerable energy consumption of their production, in some of them considerable coefficient of thermal conductivity and limited possibility of easy prefabrication of the assemblies of devices.

When using heat-resisting steels, this is further compounded by the need for scarce alloying elements and the low degree of utilization of mechanical properties under thermal load, resulting in over-dimensioning of the individual components.

These disadvantages are overcome by the construction material, at least for the thermal aggregates consisting of the carrier and thermal insulation layers, according to the invention. It is based on the fact that a heat-insulating layer formed of a fibrous heat-insulating material is adhered to the carrier layer formed of the refractory fabric. The backing layer can be made of, for example, asbestos or asbestos fabric. The impermeable sealant consists of 1 to 5 wt. % sodium fluorosilicate, 30 to 60 wt. % water glass, traces up to 25 wt. % fine sand. Optionally, the remainder is at least one of the substances expanded drift, glass sand and electrocorundum. The fibrous heat insulating material may be, for example, a ceramic or basalt fiber. A further advantage in terms of optimizing the properties achieved is if the at least one carrier is a heat-resistant coating, for example an impermeable sealant consisting of 1 to 5 weight percent sodium fluorosilicate, 30 to 60 weight percent water glass, feet to 25 weight percent fine sand, and alternatively, it constitutes an expanded drift or glass sand or both.

This construction material for thermal aggregates makes it possible in many cases to replace steel refractory materials, allows easy workability, to a low density and a low thermal conductivity coefficient.

Another important advantage of this material is simple and unpretentious production and easy workability by common machining methods, especially drilling, cutting and grinding.

Existing structures provided with a layer of this material significantly increase their fire protection, and thermal shielding with this material allows use at substantially higher temperatures.

The invention is further described by way of example.

Example 1

The chimney insert consists of asbestos fabric, which is on both sides provided with impermeable sealant composed of 3 masses. % sodium fluorosilicate, 55 wt. % water glass, 25 wt. % of fine sand and the remainder being expanded. Before the mastic hardens, an insulating layer of ceramic insulating material is interposed between the two soaked asbestos fabric layers. Before hardening, the liner is shaped to the desired shape. In order to improve the aesthetic effects, the outer surface of the insert is painted in a visible position.

The tensile strength was 4.26 MPa.

Example 2

An asbestos fabric chimney was formed on which an impermeable sealant was applied on both sides. Prior to its hardening, a thermally insulating layer of ceramic fiber was attached to the asbestos fabric on both sides by means of this sealant, after which the insert was formed into a circular cross-section. The impermeable sealant consists of 1.5 wt. % sodium fluorosilicate, 40 wt. % of water glass, traces of fine sand and the remainder being expanded. The tensile strength was 4.21 MPa.

Example 3

The inorganic fiber fabric was impregnated on both sides with an impermeable sealant through which a basalt fiber-based thermal insulation layer was attached to the fabric. The impermeable sealant consists of 3 wt. % sodium fluorosilicate, 50 wt. % water glass, 18 wt. % of fine sand and the rest is glass sand.

Claims (2)

SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION Structural material, in particular for heat aggregates, consisting of a support and thermal insulation layer, characterized in that it is adhered to a support layer made of a refractory fabric, for example asbestos, asbestos, by an impermeable sealant consisting of 1 to 2 5 wt. % sodium fluorosilicate, 30 to 60 wt. % water glass, traces up to 25 wt. % of the fine sand, the rest being at least one of a group of expanded dust, glass sand and electrocorundum, a heat insulating layer made of a fibrous heat insulating material, for example ceramic or basalt fiber. 2. The construction material of claim 1, wherein the at least one support layer is provided with an impermeable heat-resistant coating, for example an impermeable sealant, from the outside.