CS261083B1 - Oil for supercharged oil engines - Google Patents

Abstract

The essence of the solution is the optimal combination ash and ashless antioxidant ingredients as well as other performance additives to achieve high oxidation stability and detergency dispersibility engine oil. Engine oil consists from an oil base oil produced selective refining and combination the following ingredients: zinc dithiophosphate, phenolic and amine antioxidants, sulfonates, phenolates and salicylates alkaline earth metals and succinimides; or Mannich bases. The solution may be used in internal combustion engines.

Description

The invention relates to an engine oil suitable for turbocharged diesel engines.

For the lubrication of high-performance marine and rail-powered diesel engines, predominantly single-stage SAE 30 and SAE 40 engine oils are used, and SAE J.0W / 30 to SAE 20W / 40 multi-stage engine oils for car turbo engines. These engine oils consist of a base oil and performance additives and, in the case of multi-stage oils, a viscosity modifier. Zinc dithiophosphates, which have an antioxidant effect and. improve the anti-abrasion properties of oils, sulfonates, phenolates, thiophosphonates and salicylates of alkaline earth metals with the function of detergent-formed impurities and succinimides that disperse the released insoluble substances. Sulfur oxides resulting from the combustion of sulfur fuel are neutralized by detergents with an alkaline reserve.

To ensure reliable lubrication of powerful turbocharged diesel engines, engine oils conforming to API CD or CCMC D2 specifications are used, which are proud of the Petter AVB and MWM “B ^{! L.} In order to obtain the desired properties, the above-mentioned performance additives are added in an amount of 15 to 25%.

The same level of performance of the engine oil for turbocharged diesel engines can be achieved at a lower overall additive load when using the engine oil of the composition of the invention, which is based on the synergistic effect of the antioxidant additives.

Two types of additives are used to slow down the oxidation of petroleum oils: high temperature antioxidants such as zinc dithiophosphates, which act as decomposed peroxides formed during the oxidation process, and low temperature phenol and amine-based antioxidants that act; of radicals. While zinc dithiophosphate-type antioxidants are present in almost every motor oil, low-temperature antioxidants are used in less-thermally lubricated lubricants such as 1 profitable, hydraulic, transformer and other oils. The engine oil according to the invention consists of a petroleum base oil, produced by selective refining and hydrogenated or contacted, with an aromatic-bonded carbon content of 3 to 12% by weight, a viscosity index of 75 to 90, preferably 80, and antioxidant additives of the zinc dithiophosphate type. in an amount of 0.5 to 1.5% by weight, preferably

1.2% by weight, of the phenol and amine type, wherein the weight ratio of dithiophosphates to phenols and amino is 1: 0.1 to 1: 0.6, preferably 1: 0.2, of the detergent: calcium sulfonate additives in an amount 0.5 to 8% by weight, preferably 2 to 6% by weight, calcium phenolates and / or alkaline earth metal salicylates in an amount of 0.5 to 7% by weight, preferably 1 to 3% by weight, of dispersant additives Succinimides and / or Mannich bases in an amount of 1 to 10% by weight, preferably 2 to 4% by weight, and of the freezing point depressant in an amount of 0.3 to 2% by weight. The amounts of the additives referred to relate to industrial products containing approximately 50% of the oil-soluble active ingredient.

An advantage of the engine oil of the invention over engine oils of the same utility level produced by conventional formulation of additives is the substantially lower yield of performance additives.

Illustrative examples illustrate the synergistic effect of the antioxidant combination.

Example 1

Engine oil for supercharged SAE 40 viscosity diesel engines was prepared by the addition of a selectively refined base oil having the following characteristics:

Viscosity at 100 ° C flash point viscosity index pour point _and the content of C

13.77 mm ² / s 84

254 ° -11 ° C

7.9 wt.

12.5 wt. % of an additive mixture consisting of 1.2 wt. zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, 0.2 wt. % methylene-bis-alkylphenol, 0.2 wt. % alkyldiphenylamine, 1.9 wt. % calcium sulfonate base, 4.8 wt. % of low-base calcium sulfonate, 0.5 wt. % basic calcium phenolate, 1.6 wt. % succinimide and 1.5 wt. polymethacrylate to obtain engine oil having the following characteristics:

viscosity at 100 ° C viscosity index flash point freezing point ash content TBN

16.20 mm ^a / s 93

246 ° C - 26 ° C 1.17 wt. 7.0 mg KOH / g

The engine oil of the invention (Fj) was tested on a Petter AVB turbocharged engine according to IP 279/77 and the results are shown in Table 1. The table also shows the results of the M9ADSIIM commercial engine oil and reference engine oil test (formulation Ej). which do not contain low-temperature antioxidants, or the ratio of antioxidants is different from the oils according to the invention.

M9ADSIIM Oil:

0.6 wt. zinc dialkyldithiophosphate

6 1

1.9 wt. basic calcium sulfonate

5.3% wt. low-base calcium sulfonate

0.5 wt. calcium phenolate 1.6 wt. succinimide

Reference oil:

0.6 wt. zinc dialkyldithiophosphate

1.9 wt. basic calcium sulfonate

4.8 wt. low-base calcium calcium

0.5 wt. calcium phenolate

1.8 wt. succinimide

0.2 wt. % methylene-bis-alkylphenol 0.2 wt. alkyldifsiiylamínu

Table 1

Petter AVB Engine Oil SAE 40 Test Results

formulation: type of oil: M9ADSIIM commercial E reference F according to the invention 1st groove 3.3 6.3 8.7 2nd groove 7.3 9.0 9.0 3. groove 9.3 9.1 10.0 1st bridge 8.2 8.9 9.3 2. bridge 9.3 9.2 9.9 Piston housing 9.9 9.7 9.9 the bottom of the piston 9.0 8.3 9.5 sum (10/7] 78.8 86.4 95.9 M9ADS1IM engine oils have also been subjected to engine oils vynále- test MWM KD 12E method in Table 2. Β κ results are given-

Table 2

Test results of MWM "B" engine oil SAE 40

oil type: M9ADSIIM according to the invention 1st groove 21 46 2nd groove 76 97 3. groove 87 100 1st bridge 51 76 2. bridge ⁸⁹ 100 J diameter of grooves and bridges 64.0 83.9 Piston housing 92 100 the bottom of the piston 58 72

The results of the Petter AVE and MWM 'B' engine tests have shown that the use of a combination of zinc dithiophosphate and phenolic and amine-type antioxidants makes it possible to achieve CD performance levels (Petter AVB min. B ”min. 65) at a relatively low overall load-bearing capacity.

Viscosity at 100 ° C flash point viscosity index pour point _and the content of C

11.15 mm7s 84

245 ° C - 10 ° C

8.3 wt.

Example 2

Engine oil for supercharged SAE 30 hol viscosity diesel engines prepared by the addition of selectively refined base oil with the following characteristics:

10.9 wt. % of an additive mixture consisting of 1.2 wt. zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, 0.1 wt. methylene-bis-hexylphenol, 0.1 wt.% heptyldiphenylamine, 3.0 wt. calcium phenolate, 3.5% w / w; succinimide, 2.0 washes. wt. % calcium sulfonate and 1.0 wt. polymethacrylate to obtain engine oil having the following characteristics:

G 1 O f! 3

viscosity at 100 ° C 12,50 mm ² / sec viscosity index 97 flash point 232 ° pour point —30 ° C ash content 1.12 wt. TBN 8.7 mg KOH / g

Motor oil according to the invention (formulation

SD — 3) was subjected to the Petter AVB test and the results are shown in Table 3 together with the reference results. oil of identical composition but did not contain low temperature antioxidants of phenol and amine type.

Petter AVB Engine Oil SAE 30 Test Results

type of oil reference according to the invention 1st groove 2.3 6.6 2nd groove 8.5 9.0 3. groove 9.5 9.6 1st bridge 8.6 9.3 2. bridge 9.4 9.3 Piston housing 9.8 9.8 bottom of the piston 8.5 9.0 sum 80.9 89.4

The results clearly show that the combination of high and low temperature antioxidant additives significantly improves the oxidation stability of the engine oil and hence the purity of the most thermally loaded engine parts in the region of the first piston groove.

The engine oil according to the invention is particularly suitable for the lubrication of turbocharged diesel engines, but also for over-loaded non-turbocharged engines in which longer exchange periods can be achieved due to the high oxidation stability of the oils.

Claims (2)

An engine oil for supercharged diesel engines having excellent antioxidant and detergent properties, characterized in that it consists of a petroleum base oil, produced by selective refining and hydrogenated or contacted, with an aromatic carbon content of 3 to 12% by weight, with a viscosity index 75 to 90 and from 0.5 to 1.5% by weight of zinc dithiophosphate-type additives; and the type of phenols and amines, wherein the weight ratio of dithiophosphates to phenols and amines is 1: 0.1 to 1: 0.6, of detergent additives such as calcium sulfonates in an amount of 0.5 to 8% by weight, of the PHENYLINATION of calcium substances and / or salicylates of alkaline earth metals in an amount of 0.5 to 7% by weight, of additives dispersant as succinimides and / or Manniclium bases in an amount of 1- to 10% by weight; and a solidification depressant in an amount of 0.3 to 2 wt. 2. Motor oil according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains zinc dithiophosphates in an amount corresponding to a ratio of dithiophosphates to phenols and amines of 1: 0.2, calcium sulfonates in an amount of 2 to 6% by weight, calcium phenolates and / or alkaline earth metal salicylates in an amount of 1 to 3 wt.%, succinimides and / or Mannich base in an amount of 2 to 4 wt.