CS258639B1 - Multi-purpose plastic lubricant and method of its preparation - Google Patents

Abstract

Multipurpose grease is based on a complex aluminum washer on a petroleum and / or a synthetic oil and a furry oil additives. Multipurpose plastic the lubricant consists of 6.9 to 8.1 wt. complex % of aluminum soap, from 0.3 to 3 wt. polyolefin viscosity modifier, z 0.5 to 2 wt. freezing point depressor oil component, from 0.5 to 1.2% wt. % antioxidant, from 0.2 to 0.4 wt. ester a structure modifier, from 0.01 to 0.3 wt. corrosion inhibitor and the rest into 100% by weight. forming an oil component. Grease is prepared so that it is comprehensively aluminum the soap is formed at 100-130 ° C the presence of a structure modifier and polyolefins in the whole amount of oil. Dispersion Soap oil is made during heating the reaction mixture at 180-230 ° C during 30 to 150 minutes. Additivation is done after cooling the lubricant to 100 ° C to 130 ° C.

Description

The invention relates to a multipurpose grease and a process for its preparation. It is based on a colloidal system of complex aluminum soaps, petroleum and / or synthetic oil, polyethylene viscosity modifiers, freezing point depressants of the oil component, antioxidants, ester or esters of dicarboxylic acids and / or polyols, corrosion inhibitors.

Complex aluminum grease is today produced by the action of aluminum alcoholate on a mixture of benzoic acid with aliphatic monocarboxylate acids and an oil matrix.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,132,658 protects a process for preparing complex aluminum greases from organic carboxylic acids containing from one to twenty carbon atoms per molecule as complex aluminum soap precursors, from an organoaluminium compound as a complex aluminum soap precursor, and from a base oil. The ratio of carboxylic acid functions to aluminum ranges from 1: 0.5 to: 1. The saponification is carried out for a maximum of one hour at 200 ° C to 208 ° C to increase the water resistance of the complex grease. The organic acids are used in an amount sufficient to form 7.5 wt. complex aluminum soap in grease. The organic carboxylic acids are benzoic acid and octadecanoic acid in an equimolar ratio, and the organoaluminum is trioxyallium triisopropoxide.

U.S. Patent 3,776,846 protects a grease containing petroleum lubricating oil having an aniline point below 127 ° C, an aluminum complex soap of benzoic acid and a saturated aliphatic acid having 20 to 22 carbon atoms per molecule.

The molar ratio of benzoic acid to C20 to C22 aliphatic acids is 1.25: 1 to: 1.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,312,769 protects a continuous process for producing complex aluminum greases.

Polish patent 95 849 protects the preparation of a complex aluminum grease consisting of thickening the lubricating oil with a complex aluminum soap prepared from aliphatic monocarboxylic acids containing from 16 to 18 carbon atoms per molecule and from benzoic acid. The aluminum soap is prepared by treating the water in oil emulsion with aluminum alcoholate.

NSR 2,306,663 covers a grease containing aluminum octadecanate, hydrogenated and non-hydrogenated polyisobutenes and a base oil.

Japanese Patent 5 243 725 discloses a brake grease composition. The grease comprises 2 to 30 wt. from 0.5 to 10 wt. % of short-fiber fine ground asbestos, from 0.1 to 5 wt. % of a copolymer of C2H4, C3H6 and 1-alkene to increase the strength of the oil film, from 2 to 20 wt. compounds of formula (H2NCSS) 2 Mo _x S _y , where x is 2.35 to 3, y is 1.65 to 1 ax + y = 4, from refined petroleum oil or polyolefin oil with a viscosity index of 40 to 120 and a viscosity of 10 to 40 mm. s ~ ^l at 100 ° C from natural or synthetic squalan, from monoalkyl ether of polypropylene glycol with C2 to C8 alkyl having a molecular weight of 500 to 300.

USSR 524 832 covers a process for preparing a complex aluminum grease from synthetic aliphatic monocarboxylic acids resulting from the oxidation of paraffinic hydrocarbons, benzoic acid, aluminum alcoholate and petroleum oil.

Complex aluminum greases prepared according to the above-mentioned patents lack components improving their qualitative properties, such as a viscosity modifier, a freezing point depressant of an oil component, antioxidants, ester oils to improve the lubricity properties of a grease and a corrosion inhibitor.

These drawbacks are overcome by the multi-purpose grease of the present invention.

In accordance with the present invention, the grease-lubricating grease consists of 6.9 to 8.1% by weight. % of complex aluminum soap, from 0.3 to 3 wt. % polyethylene, from 0.5 to 2 wt. % of the depressant or mixture of depressants of the freezing point of the oil component, from 0.5 to 1.2 wt. % of an antioxidant or mixture of antioxidants, from 0.2 to 0.4% w / w; an ester or a mixture of dicarboxylic aromatic esters containing at least 10 carbon atoms per molecule and / or an ester or a mixture of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid esters containing at least 6 carbon atoms per molecule and / or a polyol ester or a mixture of polyol esters containing 10 carbon atoms per molecule, z 0, 01 to 0.3 wt. a corrosion inhibitor or a mixture of corrosion inhibitors and the remainder to 100 wt. is an oil component with a viscosity of 3 to 14 mm ² . s “ ¹ at 100 degrees Celsius. The oil component may be a petroleum oil raffinate, a synthetic oil, a mixture of petroleum oil with one or more synthetic oils, or a mixture of synthetic oils.

The polyethylene component may comprise from 0.1 to 1 wt. % of a polyethylene of about 0.2 to 2 wt. high molecular weight polyethylene. It is preferred that the antioxidant consists of 0.3 to 0.7 wt. % of high temperature and from 0.2 to 0.5 wt. a low temperature antioxidant.

A process for preparing a multipurpose grease is to provide up to 82.3 wt. % to 91.59 wt. % of the oil component heated to 40 to 80 ° C introduces 0.4 to 0.55 wt. an aluminum cation, either in the form of a cyclic aluminum alcoholate, to which it is bound in the saponification process

4.8 to 5.6 wt. an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid containing from 14 to 18 carbon atoms in the molecule or mixtures thereof, or an aluminum cation is introduced into the reaction mixture in the form of a cyclic aluminum soap prepared from aliphatic monocarboxylic acids containing from 14 to 18 carbon atoms in the molecule or mixtures thereof in the presence of 0.37 % to 0.43 wt. aliphatic acid having 14 to 18 carbon atoms in the molecule or in the presence of a mixture of these acids. 0.3 to 3 wt. 0.2 to 0.4 wt. esters or mixtures of esters of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids and / or polyol esters. The reactor is heated with stirring at 100 to 130 C ^n, are added to it from 1.7 to 2% by weight. aromatic carboxylic acid or aromatic carboxylic acid mixture, the reaction mixture is maintained at 100 ° C to 130 ° C for up to 4 hours to form a complex aluminum soap. The reaction mixture is then heated to 180-230 ° C and maintained at this temperature for 30-150 minutes, the contents of the reactor are cooled to 100-130 ° C, and at this temperature is added to the reaction mixture with stirring between 0.5-130 ° C. 2 wt. % of a depressant or mixture of depressants of the freezing point of the oil component, 0.5 to 1.2 wt. % of an antioxidant or a mixture of high temperature and low temperature antioxidant, 0.01 to 0.3 wt. of the anticorrosive agent or mixture of anticorrosive agents and the product is cooled to 30-80 ° C.

An aromatic monocarboxylic acid or a mixture of aromatic monocarboxylic acids such as benzoic acid, alkylbenzoic acid, salicylic acid, alkylsalicylic acid and mixtures thereof is used as the complexing agent in the manufacture of the lubricant. The number of carbon atoms in the aromatic monocarboxylic acid molecule may be in the range of 7-12. The amount of aromatic monocarboxylic acid or acid mixture in the multipurpose lubricant may be in the range of 1.7 to wt. The saponification of the aliphatic monocarboxylic acids and the complexing agent is made with aluminum alcoholate, preferably cyclized aluminum alcoholate containing 12.5 to 13 wt. aluminum. Aluminum alcoholate can be prepared from individual C 2 -C 6 alcohols or mixtures thereof.

For the production of a complex aluminum soap, it is possible to start with a cyclic organic aluminum salt containing three identical or two to three different aliphatic monocarboxylic acids having 14 to 18 carbon atoms per molecule per molecule.

The viscosity of the multipurpose plastic material can be modified with polyethylene in an amount of 0.3 to 3% by weight. Polyethylene improves both the colloidal and mechanical stability of the lubricant. It is preferred to use a combination of medium molecular polyethylene in an amount of 0.1 to 1 wt. % and high molecular weight polyethylene in an amount of 0.3 to 2 wt. The amount of the individual polyethylenes or mixtures thereof depends on the viscosity to which the grease needs to be thickened.

The low temperature properties of the oil component are adjusted by a depressant or a mixture of depressants of the freezing point of the oil component. For example, alkylnaphthalene depressants or polymethacrylate depressants of the freezing point of the oil component or mixtures thereof may be applied. The amount of depressants of the freezing point of the oil component may be in the range of 0.5 to 2% by weight.

The oxidation resistance of the multi-purpose lubricant is increased over a wide temperature range by the addition of a low-temperature and a high-temperature antioxidant. The total amount of antioxidants in the grease may range from 0.5 to 1.2% by weight. It is preferred to apply 0.2 to 0.5 wt. % of a low temperature antioxidant; and 0.3 to 0.7 wt. high temperature antioxidant. For example, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol can be used as a low temperature antioxidant, and polypropylene alkylated 2,6-xylenol can be applied as a high temperature antioxidant.

A diester of aromatic dicarboxylic acids and / or an ester or a mixture of esters of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids containing at least 6 carbon atoms per molecule and / or individual or mixed polyol esters containing at least 10 carbon atoms per molecule may be used as the grease structure modifier and the lubricant film strength modifier. in an amount of 0.2 to 0.4 wt.

The multipurpose grease needs to contain an inhibitor or a mixture of corrosion inhibitors such as amines, polyamines, imidazolines, benzothiazoles. Without them, the grease would not protect the metal against corrosion. The total amount of corrosion inhibitors in the multi-purpose grease may range from 0.01 to 0.3% by weight.

The oily base of the grease may consist of petroleum oil, synthetic silicone oil, synthetic alkylbenzene oil, synthetic oil prepared on the basis of dicarboxylic acid esters or polyols such as pentaerythritol, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolbutane, or a mixture of single oils starting from pairs and all types. The oil base should have a viscosity of 3 to 14 mm ² . ^_1 at a 100 and is the remainder to 100% by weight. with respect to the sum of the other components of the multipurpose lubricant.

The advantage of multipurpose grease and the way of its preparation is in comparison with the present! the use of complex aluminum lubricants that can be applied at temperatures of -30 to +140 ° C when prepared on the basis of petroleum oil and at temperatures of -50 to +190 degrees Celsius when prepared on the basis of synthetic oils. It is suitable for lubrication of rolling and sliding bearings, joints, pins subjected to small and medium loads.

The lubricant is still oxidising in a wide temperature range and protects lubricated systems against corrosion even in humid environments. Shelf life is at least 5 years. Mecha. The dynamic test according to CSN 65 6335 is also satisfactory at 120 ° C and at speeds up to 2500 rpm.

By way of illustration, examples are provided but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Example 1

65 kg of petroleum oil raffinate having a viscosity of 10 mm ^{2 are introduced} into a reactor equipped with a stirrer and heating device. . s ^-1 at 100 ° C, 5.5 kg of octadecanoic acid, 4.0 kg of cyclic aluminum isobutanoate containing 12.5 wt. aluminum, 0.7 kg of medium-molecular polyethylene, 0.8 kg of high-molecular-weight polyethylene, 0.3 kg of dioctyl phthalate, and the mixture was heated to 110 ° C with stirring. At this temperature, a suspension of 1.9 kg of benzoic acid in 20 kg of petroleum oil raffinate having a viscosity of 10 mm ² is added to the reaction mixture. s ^-1 at 100 ° C heated to 80 ° C. The saponification process is carried out with stirring at 110 ° C. During the saponification, isobutanol vapors are released from the reactor, which are evacuated from the reactor. After saponification, the mixture is warmed to. 205 ° C and allowed to react at this temperature for 1 hour. The mixture was then pumped into a cooling vessel and cooled to 120 ° C with stirring. At this temperature, a sequential 2.0 kg of a polymethacrylate depressant of the freezing point of the oil component, 0.3 kg of a low temperature antioxidant, 0.6 kg of a high temperature antioxidant, and 0.3 kg of a dicyclohexylamine corrosion inhibitor are incorporated into the reaction mixture. The mixture is cooled to 70 degrees Celsius with stirring and homogenized at this temperature and filled into containers.

A grease is obtained with the following physicochemical and performance properties:

- drop point 235 ° C - penetration at 25 ° C 240 mm. 10 ^] - colloidal stability 9.0% wt.

- dynamic viscosity Pa. s at D = 10 s ^-1 at -20 ° C 1700 - ultimate strength, Pa at 20 ° C 500 - evaporation at 120 ° C 1.2 wt.

- anti-seizing properties on 4-GP:

load before welding, CKS 2 500 N critical load - P _to 950 N

The grease can be applied in the temperature range from -30 ° C to +130 ° C, it has good mechanical colloid and oxidation stability. It protects lubricated systems against corrosion.

Example 2

The procedure is the same as in Example 1 except that a total amount of 80 kg of polymethylphenylsiloxane oil is used. 5.6 kg of octadecanoic acid, 2.0 kg of benzoic acid and 4.1 kg of cyclic aluminum isopropanolate, 1.5 kg of medium-molecular polyethylene, 1.5 kg of high-molecular-weight polyethylene, 0.5 kg of polymethacrylate depressant, 0.5 kg of low temperature are used. antioxidant, 0.7 kg of high temperature antioxidant, 0.3 kg of alkylimidazoline as a corrosion inhibitor. The oil component is dispersed in the soap for 2 hours at 220 ° C.

A grease having the following physicochemical and performance characteristics is obtained:

- drop point 270 ° C - penetration at 25 ° C 300 mm. 10 ^-1 - colloidal stability 10.5 wt.

- dynamic viscosity Pa. s at D = 10 s - at 20 ° C 650 - breaking strength, Pa at 20 ° C 460 - evaporation at 120 ° C 0,5% w / w

- anti-seizing properties on 4-GP:

load before welding, CCP 1 400 N critical load, P _to 490 N

The grease can be applied at temperatures ranging from -50 to +190 ° C.

Example 3

The procedure is the same as in Example 1 except that only 0.4 kg of octadecanoic acid is introduced together with petroleum raffinate and 13.3 kg of cyclic aluminum octadecanate is introduced instead of cyclic aluminum isobutanoate.

A multi-purpose grease as in Example 1 is obtained.

Claims (4)

SUBJECT Multi-purpose grease, characterized in that it consists of 6.9 to 8.1 wt. % of complex aluminum soap, from 0.3 to 3 wt. % polyethylene, from 0.5 to 2 wt. % of the depressant or mixture of depressants of the freezing point of the oil component, from 0.5 to 1.2 wt. % of an antioxidant or mixture of antioxidants, from 0.2 to 0.4 wt. esters or mixtures of dicarboxylic aromatic esters containing at least 10 carbon atoms per molecule and / or esters or mixtures of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid esters containing at least 6 carbon atoms per molecule and / or polyol esters or mixtures of polyol esters containing at least 10 carbon atoms per molecule, of 0 % To about 0.3 wt. a corrosion inhibitor or a mixture of corrosion inhibitors and the remainder to 100 wt. is an oil component with a viscosity of 3 to 14 mm ² . ^_1 at the 100, which may be the raffinate petroleum oil, synthetic oil, a mixture of oils of one or more synthetic oils, or a mixture of synthetic oils. 2. Lubricant according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains 0.1 to 1 wt. % molecular weight polyethylene, from 0.2 to 2 wt. % high molecular weight polyethylene, from 0.2 to 0.5 wt. % of a low temperature antioxidant, from 0.3 to 0.7 wt. high temperature antioxidant. 3. A process for preparing a multipurpose grease according to items 1 and 2, characterized in that up to 82.3 wt. % to 91.59 wt. oil component heated to We claim: 40 to 80 ° C introduces 0.4 to 0.55 wt. % of an aluminum cation, either in the form of a cyclic aluminum alcoholate partially bound to 4.8 to 5.6 wt. an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid containing from 14 to 18 carbon atoms in the molecule or on a mixture thereof, or an aluminum cation is introduced into the reaction mixture in the form of a cyclic octadecanate and / or hexadecanate and / or aluminum tetradecanate, in the presence of 0.37 to 4.3 wt. % of an aliphatic acid having 14 to 18 carbon atoms in the molecule or a mixture thereof and 0.3 to 3 wt. 0.2 to 0.4 wt. % of an ester or a mixture of esters of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids and / or polyol esters, the contents of the reactor are heated to 100 ° C to 130 ° C with stirring, then 1.7 to 2% by weight of the reactor are added. aromatic carboxylic acid or aromatic carboxylic acid mixture, the reaction mixture is maintained at 100 ° C to 130 ° C for 1-4 hours to form a complex aluminum soap, then the reaction mixture is heated to 180-230 ° C and maintained at this temperature for 30 hours. The reactor contents were cooled to 100-130 ° C and 0.5-2% pot was added to the reaction mixture at this temperature with stirring. % of a depressant or mixture of depressants of the freezing point of the oil component, 0.5 to 1.2 wt. 0.01 to 0.3% w / w of low and high temperature antioxidant; and the product is cooled to 30 ° C to 80 ° C.