CS256406B1 - The method of habit of calves on a cold milk drink during the milk diet - Google Patents

Abstract

The method of accustoming calves to a cold milk drink during the milk feeding period consists in that after housing, calves are given up to 2 doses of 1.8 to 2.2 l of an aqueous solution at a temperature of 24 to 26 °C containing 5 to 10 wt. of a rehydration agent, containing 4 to 8 wt. of potassium chloride, 12 to 16 wt. of sodium chloride, 11 to 15 wt. of sodium bicarbonate and 65 to 68 wt. % of glucose, the next day the calves are given 1.5 to 2.1 of the same aqueous solution warmed to 20 to 25 C, and then they are given at least 2x1.5 to 2 l of a rehydration milk drink containing 5 to 10 wt. of a rehydration agent and 9 to 11 wt. milk replacers containing 76 to 82% by weight of skimmed milk powder, 10.8 to 13.2% by weight of fat, 0.5 to 5% by weight of whey powder, 0.9 to 1.1% by weight of biofactor supplements and 0.5 to 0.7% by weight of amylozyme, the rehydration milk drink being adjusted to pH 4.4 to 4.7 and a temperature of 18 to 20°C, on the third and subsequent days calves are given 2 to 3 times a day 1.8 to 2.2% of a milk drink with 9 to 11% by weight of milk replacer, adjusted to pH 4.4 to 4.7 and a temperature of 15 to 17°C.

Description

The invention relates to a method of addicting calves to a cold milk beverage during the period of dairy nutrition, i.e. from feeding calves to the calf until they are converted to plant nutrition.

In the period of dairy calves, calves are concentrated most in nutrition, technology, disease prevention and economics. The current method of feeding calves during the milk period consists in administering limited or ad. the amount of milk feed. For sour milk calves, drinking habits problems last about 5 days. Calves fed with a cold milk powder drink have problems for up to 14 days. The unwillingness of the initial intake of a cold drink is reflected in the morbidity and lower performance of the calves at the beginning of the dairy calves. Bothmer, G.v. / Proceedings of papers, Utilization of liquid skimmed milk in calf nutrition, Karlovy Vary, 1984 p. 2-9 /. Bothmer (1984) carried out the habit of calves for a cold milk beverage by gradually reducing the temperature and acidity of the milk beverage. It states that to facilitate the habit of purchased calves that were fed with warm milk, the acidified beverage should be heated to about 28 ° C on the first day and, if necessary, less acidic at pH 5. 100 g substitute / liter in the first two weeks after purchase, 75 g / liter in the next two weeks and 50 g / liter in the last two weeks. This procedure also requires increased individual care in calves.

Pallauf, J. and Brune, H. / Ergebnisse eines StoffVechselversuches an Kalbera mit Kalttranke, Tagung der Fachgruppe Rinder krankheiten der Deutschen Veterinarmedizinischen Gesellschaft, Giesen, 15.2.1978, pp. 13-16 / before starting to feed sour

- 2,256,408 cold milk replacers supplied calves with chamomile tea with glucose for one day. Intake unwillingness in calves was lower than in the non-glucose method. All the calves experienced a non-infectious diarrhea in the addictive period, which resolved without treatment after 4-5 days. Pallauf and Brune added potassium chloride to the chamomile tea with glucose to make it easier to convert the calves to a new diet.

When feeding warm warm dairy feed with the aid of automatic feeders, a large amount of dairy feed that the calf is unable to digest is often consumed once and thus digestive disorders occur. When feeding calves from buckets or buckets with rubber teats, there are no disturbances from drinking warm milk, as this is not dosed. However, the fluctuating temperature of the beverages served causes digestive disorders associated with diarrheal diseases of calves, as there has not been a habit of lower temperature feed intake. Milk feed was not preserved, therefore it was not storable and had to be prepared for each feed separately. This requires greater energy consumption. The main drawback of the current situation is the high consumption of dairy fodder, lower performance of the animals due to higher mortality and lower body weight gains.

The above-mentioned disadvantages are eliminated by the method of the calves' addiction to a cold milk beverage in the dairy period according to the invention, which consists in administering to the calves 1 to 2 doses of 1.8 to 2.2 l of an aqueous solution at 24 to 26 % With a content of 5 to 10 wt. % rehydrating agent containing 4-8 wt. % potassium chloride, 12-16 wt. % sodium chloride, 11 to 15 wt. % sodium bicarbonate and 65 to 68 wt. glucose. The next day, 1.5 to 2 l of the same aqueous solution at 20 to 25 ° C and at least two times a 1.5 to 2 l rehydration milk drink containing 5 to 10 wt. % of rehydrating agent and 9 to 11 wt. milk substitutes containing 76 to 82 wt. % skimmed milk powder, 10.8 to 13.2 wt. 0.5 to 5 wt. % whey powder, 0.9 to 1.1 wt. % of biofactor additives and 0.5 to 0.7 wt. amylozyme. The rehydration milk drink is adjusted to a pH of 4 »4

- 3 256 408 to 4.7 and a temperature of 18 to 20 ° C. On the third and subsequent days, a milk drink of 9 to 11 wt. a milk replacer, adjusted to a pH of 4.4 to 4.7 and a temperature of 15 to 17 ° C.

The method of the invention brings a number of advantages, the most important of which is the safe conversion of calves to a cool beverage and the gradual transition from sweet warm milk to cool sour milk feed during the dairy period. The dairy feed which is administered to the calves throughout the dairy period is adjusted to a pH of preferably 4.6 by formic acid or other acid. The rehydration drink given to calves on the first day of stabling by its composition has my effect on calming calves after transport, prevent diarrhea and cause hunger, which is important for the beginning of housing and further development of calves. The next dose of this drink administered on the next day increases the effects described above. However, its temperature is reduced to 20-25 ° C. The next two rations are milk feed administered at a temperature of about 20 ° C, enriched with rehydrating ingredients, which are part of the ingredients of the drink administered to calves on the first day of housing. After this day, calves experience a habit of cold sour milk feed, are well received and acclimatized to the new environment and feed. From day 3, calves receive dairy feed at stable temperature and the same pH as on the second rearing day, but without rehydrating additives and ad libitum, a core mixture for early rearing of calves, hay and water. On the third day of rearing calves in the calf, the addictive period for sour cold milk is over and the habit of receiving bulky feed begins. Advantages of the method according to the invention include bacteriological safety of dairy feed with the possibility of prolonged storage, resulting in lower energy consumption, better health of calves, possibility of limiting working operations in milk feeding when this is ready for 2-3 days and possibility of regulation milk intake by the temperature or acidity of the beverage with respect to the ratio of acidity to the temperature of the milk beverage. The habit of sour milk feed affects its lower intake and faster gradual transition to bulky feed. This shortens the period of milk nutrition with lower consumption of milk feed. All this leads to an increase in the use of calves, which results in better health and higher increments.

Example

Three groups of calves bred in different ways of addiction to cold milk drink were studied. In control group 1, the calves were fed traditionally with a warm beverage of a milk feed with 10 wt. milk substitutes. The calf feeding temperature was 38 ° C, pR 6.4 · The calves in control group 2 received the milk beverage also warm 38 ° C, but acidified to pH 4.6 · The third group received 2 x 2 L aqueous solution after housing 10% wt. 25 ° C rehydrating agent ·

The next day the calves received this aqueous solution in an amount

1.5 L at 20 ° C. Then, 2 x 2 L calves received a rehydration milk drink containing 10 wt. % milk replacer and 5 wt. rehydrating agent. The milk beverage temperature was 18 ° C and pH 4.6.

On the third and subsequent days up to the plant nutrient period, the calves received a milk drink containing 10% by weight of 2 1 x 3 times a day. milk substitutes having a temperature of 16 ° C and a pH of 4.6.

Composition of rehydrating agent:

potassium chloride sodium chloride sodium bicarbonate glucose

Composition of milk replacer:

% wt. 14 wt. 13 wt. 67% wt.

skimmed milk powder 76.0 to 82.0 % grease handle 10.8 to 13.2 % whey powder 0.5 to 5.0 % biofactor supplement 0.9 to 1.1 % Amylozym 5.0 to 7.0 % ·

The advantages of the method of addicting calves to a cold milk beverage according to the invention are documented by the following data. At 50 days of age, calves body weight gains were 0.570 kg for the first control group, 0.580 kg for the second group, and 0.610 kg for the third group where / was habit-practiced according to the invention.

- 5 SCOPE OF THE INVENTION

Claims (1)

SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION 256 406 A method of addicting calves to a cold milk beverage in the dairy period with the application of rehydrating ingredients and acidified milk replacer, characterized in that after stabling, 1 to 2 doses of 1.8 to 2.2 l of an aqueous solution at 24 to 26 are administered to the calves. % With a content of 5 to 10 wt. % rehydrating agent containing 4-8 wt. % potassium chloride, 12-16 wt. % sodium chloride, 11 to 15 wt. % sodium bicarbonate and 65 to 68 wt. glucose, the next day they are administered to calves 1.5 to 2 l of the same aqueous solution warm 20-25 ° C, longer they are given at least 2x 1.5 to 2 l of rehydrating milk drink containing 5 to 10 wt. % of rehydrating agent and 9 to 11 wt. milk substitutes containing 76 to 82 wt. % skimmed milk powder, 10.8 to 13.2 wt. fat handles, 0.5 to 5 wt. % whey powder, 0.9 to 1.1 wt. % of biofactors and 0.5 to 0.7 wt. amylozyme, wherein the rehydrating milk drink is adjusted to a pH of 4.4 to 4.7 and a temperature of 18 to 20 ° C, on the third and subsequent days, calves are administered 2 to 3 times a day 1.8 to 2.2 liters of milk drink with 9 to 11 % wt. a milk replacer adjusted to a pH of 4.4 to 4.7 and a temperature of 15 to 17 ° C.