CS253432B1 - Tenzides with stabilizating effects - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a surfactant with stabilizing effects. By the term stabilizing effects we mean the inhibitory effect on metals anticorrosion, antidegradation and antioxidant effect, emulsion stability! and dispersions.

Surfactants form a large group of products whose common characteristic is surface activity. One major group of surfactants are nonionic surfactants, which are typically prepared by oxyalkylenizing higher fatty alcohols, higher fatty acids, alkylphenols, higher amines, and other substances that contain active hydrogen in the molecule. These are used either alone or in admixture with other surfactants and other substances, or are further modified, e.g. sulfation, phosphation, carboxylation, and other methods. The preparation of these substances is described in patent, journal and book literature.

Of the phenol derivatives for the preparation of surfactants, alkylphenols such as octylphenol, nonylphenol, dodecylphenol are most commonly used. In the patent literature, Eng. pat. 815,001 also discloses the preparation of nonionic surfactants obtained by oxyethylating a compound prepared by the reaction of styrene, or derivatives thereof such as e.g. vinyltoluene, alpha-methylstyrene and divinylbenzene with phenol, or derivatives thereof such as xylene and xylenol. Furthermore, it is known that phenol derivatives, including a mixture of phenylethylphenols (Antioxidant 3) and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (Antioxidant 4 Kj), are used as effective stabilizers with antidegradative and antioxidant effects. not only the surface activity of the surfactant used, but also stabilizing effects such as thermal degradation, darkening, corrosion, oxygen influence, emulsion stability and dispersion.

A disadvantage of the known surfactants is that, despite their excellent surface-active properties, they do not have stabilizing effects, on the other hand, the stabilizers themselves have no surfactant properties. In order to achieve both effects, both components are needed, i. j. surfactant and antioxidant - stabilizer mix together. This encounters problems that the stabilizers are insoluble in water or in the desired environment from which they fall out. In the case of powder stabilizers, there is another problem of homogenizing the mixture.

It is an object of the invention to provide a surfactant which, in addition to the required surfactant criteria, also has stabilizing effects.

According to the present invention, surfactants with stabilizing effects consist of oxyalkylenated compounds prepared by catalytic oxyethylation or oxypropylenisation with 1 to 40 moles of alkylene oxide composition containing 1 to 50 wt. phenylalkylphenol of general formula:

where:

X is H or CH 3; Y is 1 to 3 and 50 to 99 wt. higher fatty alcohols or alkylphenols, higher fatty acids, higher fatty amines, or polypropylene glycols having a molecular weight of 600 to 3,000.

The advantage of the novel surfactants with stabilizing effects is that the products according to the invention are characterized by both surface-active properties and stabilizing effects. Depending on the number of moles of ethylene oxide bound, water-soluble, organic solvent, mineral and vegetable oil products can be prepared.

Another advantage is that phenylalkylphenols are available, industrially manufactured substances. So eg. the reaction of styrene with phenol produces styrene phenol which is a mixture of mono-, bis- and tris- (1-phenylethyl) -phenol. Another of the aforementioned group of industrially produced phenylalkylphenols is p-cumyphenol with similar properties to styrene phenol. Phenylalkylphenols are used as industrial products - antioxidants. Because they have a hydroxyl group with active hydrogen, they are suitable for the preparation of alkylene oxide derivatives. These are prepared on an industrial scale at elevated temperature using catalysts, most often alkaline, under an inert gas atmosphere.

In the preparation of the products according to the invention, a reaction is carried out by reacting a mixture of phenylalkylphenol with a second hydrophobic component, such as e.g. higher fatty alcohols, alkylphenols, higher fatty acids, higher fatty amines, polypropylene glycols.

As alkylphenols, industrial products such as octylphenol, nonylphenol, dodecylphenol and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol or mixtures thereof are recommended.

The preparation of the surfactants according to the invention and their effect is illustrated by the following examples,

Example 1

42 kg of nonylphenol and 2 kg of phenylethylphenol are charged to a 0.1 m ³ stainless steel reactor. This mixture is oxyethylated according to the known procedure with 48.5 kg of ethylene oxide. The resulting product is a viscous liquid, posthumously soluble in mineral oils, kerosene, diesel and gasoline. From the oxyethylated product, a 10% solution was prepared in a 1: 1 mixture of naphtha and kerosene. It is used as a cleaning and degreasing agent with corrosion inhibiting action, in particular for cleaning engines and removing oil-like impurities from metallic materials: Because of its good emulsifying properties, it is also easily washable with cold water.

The aqueous emulsion was determined by the corrosion test according to CSN 626256 (Herbert test) with a result of 0, i. there were no corrosion spots. The comparative test with oxyethylated nonylphenol without the addition of phenylethylphenol shows a value of 2, t. j. occurrence of weak corrosive spots.

An emulsion consisting of 1.5 wt. % product, 8.5 wt. % spindle oil distillate and 90 wt. water has a stability of 3 months.

Example 2

The oxyethylated product was prepared as in Example 1 except that 18 kg of a C10 to C14 alcohol, 2 kg of phenylethylphenol and 14.5 kg of ethylene oxide were used for oxyethylation. The resulting product is used for the preparation of cleaning and degreasing agents as in Example 1.

In the product thermal stability test with a 0 - 1500 g derivativegraph, the sample exhibits a thermal stability of up to 260 ° C / min with a weight loss of 3% by weight at a heating rate of 5 ° C per minute. To compare samples of oxyethylated alcohol without the addition of phenylethylphenol, it exhibits thermal stability up to 200 ° C with a weight loss at said temperature of 4% by weight.

Example 3

In accordance with the procedure of Example 1, 20 kg of 200-tert-dodecyl-mercaptan having a sulfur content of oxyethylated

10.7 wt. and 3.3 kg of phenylethylphenol with 13.5 grams of ethylene oxide. The resulting product is a viscous liquid using as in the example

First

The product, when heated at 170 degrees Celsius for 2 hours, exhibits a colouration determined in accordance with CSN 580101 with a color degree of 8, as before the thermal stability test. For comparison, a sample of an oxyethylated target. dodecyl mercaptan without addition of phenylethylphenol, under the same test conditions showed deterioration in color from the original 8 to 17 degrees of color.

Example 4

Following the procedure of Example 1, 10 kg of p-cumylphenol, 11 kg of octadecylamine and 44 kg of ethylene oxide are oxyethylated. The resulting product was used as an antistatic agent, emulsifier and adjuvant with anticorrosive properties.

In the corrosion test according to CSN 626256, the product shows the same results as in Example 1.

Claims (1)

SUBJECT Surfactants having a stabilizing effect, characterized in that they consist of oxyalkylenated compounds prepared by catalytic oxyethylation or oxypropylenation with 1 to 40 moles of alkylene oxide of a mixture containing 1 to 50% by weight of the composition. phenylalkylphenol of general formula: Example 1 and d '5 12 kg of nonylphenol and 9 kg of phenylethylphenol are metered into a 0.1 m ³ stainless steel autoclave. This mixture is oxyethylated with 36 kg of ethylene oxide according to a known procedure, followed by oxypropylation with 32 kg of propylene oxide. The resulting product was used as a reduced suds surfactant. In the corrosion test according to CSN 626256, the product shows the same results as in Example 1. ynAlezu where: X is H or a CH 3 group and y is 1 to 3 and 50 to 99 wt. higher fatty alcohols, or alkylphenols, or higher fatty acids, or higher fatty amines, or polypropylene glycols with mol. weight of 600 to 3,000. OH