CS252592B1 - A means of increasing the yield of sugar in growing sugar beet - Google Patents

Abstract

A mixture of 2-t 3-1 4-aminobenzoic acids and acylaminophenols of formula I, where R is hydrogen, or alkyl or alkoxy with up to four carbon atoms in the chain in a weight ratio of 10:1 to 1:10 OH (I) NH-CO-R, has a positive effect on the growth of sugar beet tubers and its sugar content. The mixture of active ingredients in a dose not exceeding 0.005 g per 1 m2 can be used throughout the vegetation period, but preferably in the stage of two true leaves or 3 to 10 weeks before the expected physiological maturity, it is applied by spraying on the leaf.

Description

The invention relates to a composition that influences sugar yield in the cultivation of industrial sugar beet.

The current technology of sugar beet cultivation is reducing the sugar yield, caused by a number of different influences. Some of them are caused by reduced and irregular seed germination, which is manifested in uneven plant growth. Increased fertilization, especially nitrogen, causes vegetative growth to be supported at the expense of the storage of assimilates in the tubers.

Also, sudden changes in climatic conditions can negatively affect the final yield of bulbs and their sugar content.

To eliminate some undesirable effects, substances with a morphoregulatory effect can be used, which can significantly reduce or even completely eliminate some negative effects. This way, standard yields can be ensured. Substances with morphoregulatory properties can also affect better utilization of fertilizers by plants and, at the appropriate stage of organogenesis, the deposition of assimilates into tubers. These problems are solved by a means that increases the yield of sugar in sugar beet cultivation, which is the subject of this invention.

The subject of the invention is a composition increasing sugar yield in sugar beet cultivation, comprising a mixture of acylaminophenol of formula I,

OH (i)

NH-CO-R where R is hydrogen or alkyl or alkoxy with one to four carbons in the chain and 2-, 3-, 4-aminobenzoic acid in a weight ratio of 10:1 to 1:10 also in the form of ammonium salts or salts of alkaline or caustic earth metals. The agent is evenly applied to the leaves of plants during vegetation, but preferably during the period of formation of the second pair of leaves, or even 3 to 10 weeks before reaching physiological maturity of sugar beet in a dose not exceeding 0.005 g of the mixture of active ingredients per 1 m'.2

In addition to the active ingredients, the application mixture contains excipients such as wetting agents, stabilizers of the active ingredients and the pH of the environment, substances that slow down the drying of the drops, etc. The most suitable application form of the product is solutions of active ingredients in water or in water-dilutable solvents, or in the form of wettable powders.

The active ingredients of the mixture are precursors of natural phytohormones and are metabolized by plants biochemically into very effective phytohormones, in the amount that plants require at a given stage of organogenesis. The substances also interact favorably with phytohormones contained in plants, which is reflected in faster plant growth. After application of the active ingredients, plants are usually greener, the nitrate content in bulbs and leaves decreases, which indicates that the fertilizers supplied to plants are better utilized. The presence of a phenolic component in the mixture also enables the formation of phenolic inhibitors of natural origin, and thus the storage of storage substances and thus the sugar content of bulbs can be indirectly influenced.

A significant advantage of the composition according to the invention is that it acts on the treated plants in very low doses. The active ingredients of the mixture are easily metabolized in the natural environment and therefore do not leave undesirable residues even in agricultural products.

The following examples illustrate, but do not limit, the effects of the composition and the method of its application according to the invention.

Example 1

A mixture of 3 parts of 2-butyroylaminophenol, 10 parts of 4-aminobenzoic acid, 4 parts of conc. ammonia and 50 parts of Ν,Ν-dimethylformamide was diluted with water to a solution containing 10 mg of active ingredients in 1,000 ml of solution. A plot of sugar beet (variety

Dobrovicka A) with a total area of 10 m in a dose of 0.4 l of solution within one week after unification.

During the vegetation period, it was found that the treated stand was greener than the control. The yield of bulbs and scab was monitored during harvest. The yield of bulbs was 5% higher and scab was 7% higher than in the control plot. The sugar content increased from 14.8% to 15.2%.

Examples 2-6

Further mixtures of acylaminophenols with aminobenzoic acids were tested under the conditions given in Example 1. The composition of the mixtures, the concentrations of active substances used, the relative growth of bolls and scab and the sugar content found in % are given in the following table:

Mixture component (component parts) Used conc. (mg/1,000 ml) Relative increase sugar content % bulev % scab % 3-propionylaminophenol (5) 4-aminobenzoic acid (2) 7.0 98.0 105.0 14.8 3-butyloxycarbonylaminophenol (3) 3-aminobenzoic acid (2) 5.0 103.0 106.0 15.1 4-formylaminophenol (4) 2-aminobenzoic acid (1) 5.0 105.0 107.0 15.1 4-acetylaminophenol (2) 2-aminobenzoic acid (1) 5.0 107.0 112.0 15.4 3-acetylaminophenol (2) 2-aminobenzoic acid (5) 10.0 103.0 107.0 15.0 control 100.0 100.0 14.8

Example 7

To 600 g of 1,2-propanediol, 60.0 g of 4-acetamidophenol, 20.0 g of 2-aminobenzoic acid, 20.0 g of a 50% solution of bis(2-ethylhexyl)ester of 2-sulfobutanedioic acid and 1.0 g of sodium dithionite were added and made up to 1,000 ml with hot water. The resulting clear solution was diluted with water to 20.0 liters of concentrate. The prepared concentrate at a dose of 0.1 liter per hectare was diluted with 400 liters of water for ground spraying and 40 liters of water for aerial spraying. 1 ha of sugar beet - variety Dobrovicka A. was treated with the above solution.

The first treatment was carried out by ground sprayers after cultivation of the stand and after unification by the end of June. The second spraying with the same dose of the stimulating mixture was carried out in the last week of August by air (0.1 liter of stimulating mixture in 40 liters of water per 1 ha), harvested on October 23, the average deduction for impurities and admixture is 19%. In the control stand, 46.3 t/ha of bulbs with a sugar content of 15.1% were harvested and 6.99 t of sugar was obtained from one hectare. From the stand treated only once after unification, 53.7 t of bulbs with a sugar content of 14.9% were harvested and 8.00 t of sugar was obtained from one hectare. After two treatments, 61.2 t of bulbs with a sugar content of 15.9% were harvested and 9.73 t of sugar was obtained from one hectare. The growth of scab was not monitored. The growth of bulbs after the first spraying was 15.98% higher, but the sugar content decreased by 0.2%. Nevertheless, 1.0 tons of sugar was obtained more than from the control stand. The double spraying not only increased the growth of bulbs by 32.2 rel. %, but also increased the sugar content by 0.8% compared to the control. The total sugar yield increased by 2.74 t per hectare, i.e. by 39.2 rel. %.

Claims (1)

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION A sugar-yielding agent for the cultivation of sugar beet, characterized in that it comprises a mixture of acylaminophenols of the formula I, OH NH-CO-R where R is hydrogen or alkyl or alkoxy with one to four carbons in the chain and 2-, 3- or 4-aminobenzoic acid in a weight ratio of 10: 1 to 1:10 even in the form of ammonium or alkali metal salts or caustic soils.