CS248264B1 - Partially automatized measuring method of material's structure damage - Google Patents

Description

1

HaaBaHHe Η3θ6ρετεΗΗΗ

HacTHUHo aBTOMaTH3HpoBaHHbi ΜβτοΑ H3MepeHHH noBpejKfleHHocTH CTpyKTypbi Ma-Tepnana

06JiaCTb ΠρΗΜβΗβΗΗΗ H3o6pCT8HHH Μ3θ6ρβΤβΗΗβ paCnpOCTpaHHeTCB Ha HaCTHHHO aBTOMaTH3HpOBaHHhlň cnoco6 ΗβΜβρβ4 · hhh noepewfleHHocTH CTpyKTypw MaTepnaJla ajih kohtpojih aycTSHHTOBbix MaTepna-JIOB B HaCTHOCTH KOHTPOJIH 3a ayCTCHHTOBblMH Tpy6aMH, BepTHKaJIbHO pacnono-MeHHbíMH b nenax ycTanoBOK nHpoJiH3a hjih pHýopMHHra, κοτορωβ b cbhsh c CHC-tcmoh nHaHOBO-npeflynpeflHTenbHoro peMOHTa nofljicjtcaT HccneflOBaHHio no hx flajib-Heňmeň πρηγοηηοοτη to SKcruiyaTaixHH.

XapaKTepHCTHKa h3bocthwx tcxhhhcckhx pemeHHft

BbtmeynoMHHyTbie TpySbi b xofle pa6oTbi nopjiexaT MecTnuM Η3ΜεΗεΗΗΗΜ CTpyKTypw, BbI3blBaeMb! M npOIICCCaMH OKHCJICHHH HayrJiepOJKHBaHHH, a3OTHpOBaHHH OCepeHHH H, B κοτορωβ 3aBHCHMOCTH OT peSCHMa páÓOTbl H yCJIOBHH 3KCnJiyaTaiJHH ΠΡΗΒΟΗΗΤ KnpeameBpeMeHHOMy Bbixofly H3 ctpoh Tpy6 XAX nocjiopcTBHC KOMnneKCHoro noep »-fleHHH cTpyKTypbi. TοΜίυιεκοΗοε ποΒρεκρεΗΗε MaTcpnana HauHHacTCH Ha BHyTpeH-neň noBepxHocTH Tpy6bi h npoxoflH qepé3 ποπερεπΗοε ceneHHe Tpy6w Βερετ κoSpaaoBaHHto τρεπρίΗ, περεχορπ κρΗΤΗηεοκοε coctohhh8 ΜβτερΗαπβ. Τ ε ε c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c py py py py py py py py py py py py py py B HaCTOHOtBe ΒρβΜΗ H3BeCTHbJ TOJIbKO ΗεΜΗΟΓΗε CnOCOÓbl HCnbITaHHH, πρΗΓΟΑΗπρίε -CH ΑΠΗ KOHTpOJIH ayCTeHHTOBblX Tpy6, yCTaHOBJIBHHblX B nanax nHpOJIH3a HJIH pH "1φορΜΗΗΓΒ · H3BBCTHbIB CnOCOÓbl HCnbITaHHH CSC npaBHJIO nO3BOJIHHJT TOJIbKO TOHBH-Ηοε hjih CHJibHo JioKaJiHaoBaHHoa onpepeJieHHe HaxoflHmHxcH b MaTepnajie τρεπρίΗ.BwmeynoMHHyTwe cnoco6w Βρπρ south paioT ΗΗφορΜβρΗΐο o npHHHHe HMeionpixcH τρεπρίΗ.

Tax c noMombio cnocoóa προπητκη óeaynpenHo mowho oÓHapyxHBaTb h noKanHsHpo -BaTb TOJIbKO nOBepXHOCTHbie ΤρεΠξΗΗΜ Ha BHemHeft nOBepXHOCTH TpyÓbl. CnOCOÓblρβΗΤΓεΗο- h raMMa — ρεφεκτοοκοπΗΗ nó3BOjiHióT nojiynHTb tojibko ηηΦορμηρηη o 248264 2

MaxpocxonHHecxnx Λβφεχτπχ, HaxoflHmnxcH nonepenHo κ HanpaBneHmo npocBeHHBaHHH and B HaCTOHmee BpeMH MeTOfl ynbTpa3ByXOBOň ΑβφβΧΤΟΟΧΟΠΗΗ npHMeHHTbHeni 3R H3-3a noBepxHocTHoro coctohhhh Tpy6, HaxoflHBniHxcH 8 3KennyaTanHH. C IKJMOmbK) TOWeWHbIX Η3ΜβρβΗΗΗ HayrJiepOJKHBaHHH ΒΟ3ΜΟ5ΚΗΟ nOJiyneHUe KOCBeHHbIXΜΗφορΜβίρΐή 06 Η3ΜβΗβΗΗΗΧ CTpyKTypbi; BH BOHCTOHmee BpeMH ΗβΒΟ3ΜΟ »pnpHMoe oSHapyaceHHe xoMnnexcHbix H3MeHeHHíi CTpyxTypM MaTepnana. ΠρΗΜβΗβΗΗβ KOMSHHaiíHH CnOCO6OB ΠΡΟΠΗΤΚΗ, ΓΒΜΜ3 ~ Α6φεΚΤΟΟΚΟΠΗΗ Η Μ3ΜβρβΗΗΗHayrjiepowHBaHHH TpeSyeT μηογο 3aTpaT BpeMeHH h MaTepnanoB. HcnbrraHHbie hmhΗβφβκτΗΜβ MecTa nocne o6pa6oTKH noxaneH3HpoBaTb oneHb TpyflHO ηαθητηΦη-KaUHH HX BO3MOXH3 TOJIbKO C SOJIbllIHMH 33ΤρΒΤ3ΜΗ H3MepHTeJIbHOH ΤβΧΗΗΚΗ. ΠρΗ “HHHy cne ^ yeT HcxaTb b paanHMHbix φΗ3ΗΜβοκΗΧ ocHoeax OTflenhHbix cnocočoe hc-riblTaHHH. .HocTOBepHaH ηηΦορμβηηη o rny6HHe h pa3Mepax HMeioiUHxcH xoMnnexcHbix noBpeac-fleHHt CTpyKTypbi HeBO3MOXHa. 3το ποπευκβΗΗβ HeyflOBJíeTBopHTejibHo noTOMy, HTO oho Bbi3biBaeT flJiHTejibHbienpocTOH fljiH πρρΒβρκΗ Tpy6, πρΗΗΗΗΗβτ 6ojibmHe pynHbie h annapaTypHbie 3aTpa'tm XAX h 3aTpaTbi Ha HcnbiTaHne npn yxofle 3a oSopyflOBaHHeM yl He no3BonneTnonyMHTb aocTOBeprioe BbiCKa3MBaHHe of rnySHHe HMewmHXCH noBpeacneHHň CTpyx-Typbi, Tax MTO b coMHHTenbHbix cjiyHanx ηθο6χοβημο npoBefleHne pa3pymaioiflHXHcnbiTaHHň MaTepnana.

Uejib H3o6peTeHHH

Uejib θ3θ6ρβτβΗΗΗ 3axnioHaeTCH b ycTpaHeHHH ynoMHHyTbix. HB HeflocTaTKOB that mto6h b TeneHHe oflHoro umcna προΒβρκΗ b ycnoBHHX OTHocHTenbHo He6onbmHxBpeMeHHbix annapaTypHbix 3aTpaT nonyMHTb h, h onpeflenHTb aoxyMeHTHpoBaTb no'KajiH3npyeMyio ΜΗφορΜΗίχιιΐο of BHfle, BejiHHHHe h pa3Mepax noBpeacfleHHočTH aycTe-HHTOBblX Tpy6, BMOHTHpOBHHHblX B ΠβΗβΧ ΠΗρθΠΗ33 Η ρΗφορΜΗΗΓβ C BeJIblO Onpe-fleneHHH nporpeccHH o6beMa noBpewfleHnn hjih ®e Βθ3ΗΗΚΗθΒβΗΗΗ hobmx «βφεττΟΒ: npH CpaBHeHHH C nO3HHee npOBefleHHblMH HCnbITaHHHMH, H3OeraH npH 3TOM OSblMHO, HeoóxoflHMbix pa3pymaioiHHX TexHHMecxHx HcnuTaHHn MaTepnana. IÍ3JiojKeHHe cyiflecTBa Η3θόρετβΗΗΗ B ocHOBe Η3θ6ρβτβΗΗΗ jiejKHT saflana pa3pa6oTaTb nacraMHo 3βτομητη3Ηροβηηημηcnocoó H3MepeHHH noBpewfleHHocTH CTpyKTypw MaTepnana, πο3Βοπηκ> πιηη Ha MECT, Bflojib ycTaHOBJíeHHoro H3MepHTenbHoro ynacTxa x3x b BepTMxanpHOM Tax nb ro-PH3OHTanbHOM HanpaBneHHHX, npaxTnnecxn well onpefleneHHoň H3MepHeMoň noBepx-HOCTH, nonyMHTb OflHHM XOflOM Η3ΜβρβΗΗΗ HeCXOJIbXO ΗΗφορΜβΙίΗΗ O COCTOHHHHMaTepnana b nacTHocTH of MECT, npoflonacHTenbHocTH, pa3Mepe n BennnnHe H3 ΜβΗβΗηϋ MaTepnana aycTeHHTOBbix Tpy6, onpefleneHne χοτορωχ flaeT bosmomhoctbnonynnTb oSocHOBaHHoe Bbicxa3biBaHne 06 ownnaeMOM epoxy CNY «6bi Tpy6. B cooTBeTCTBHH c Η3θ0ρβτβΗΗβΜ 3aflaMy pemaxiT TaxnM o6pa3OM MTO FLBA cnenn-anbHbix flaTMHxa H3MepneMoň BenHMHHbí (xoHTaxTHbie H3MepnTenbHbie 3OHflbi) npn xpennHWTCH flpyr Oxon flpyra nnn N pyr Hyflo flpyroM Ha npn6ope, χοτορκη H3BecT-HbiM cnoco6oM c noMombio TeneynpaBneHHH nepeflBnraeTCH b BepTnxanbHOM n ro-pnaoHTanbHCřM HanpaBneHHHX no BbiÓpaHHOMy ncnbiTHBaeMOMy ynacTxy aycTeHHTo-Boň Tpy6bi. C noMombio οαηογο H3 xoHTaxTHbix H3MepnŤenbHbix 3ohaob, npncoeflHHHeMoro xnpnHHTOMy b ToproBne H3MepHTenbHoMy npn6opy npoHni ^ aeMOCTn HMeeTCH bo3mojk- 248264 3 HOCTb ΠΡΟΗ3ΒΟΑΗΤΙ »COOTBeTCTByiomHe Η3ΜβρβΗΗΗ, ΟΠρβΑ & ΠΗβΤΟΗ KOMtlJieKCHbie H3" ΜβΗβΗΗΗ CTpyKTypw, Bbi3biBaeMbix npoueccaMH HayrjiepojicHBaHHH, oKHCJieHHH h / hjihCepHblX BKJIIOWeHHň, ΤΘΜ HTO Η3ΜβΗΗβΤ0Η ΠΟ φορΜβ ΜβΓΗΗΤΗΟβ none, B03HHxaiomeeH3-a and fleňcTBHH nocroHHHoro MarHHTa b cnynae, xorna BbinieynoMuHyTbiMH BO3-fleňcTBHHMH H3MeHHjmcb napaMarHHTHbie csoňcTBa aycTeHHTOBoro MaTepnana. C nOMOmbK) ΒΤΟΡΟΓΟ XOHTaXTHOrO H3MepHT & JIbHOrO 3OHfla, ΠρΗΟΟβΛΗΗΗβΜΟΓΟ XoGbjnHOMy «βφβκτοοκοπν (npn6opy flnn BbWBneHHH TpemnH) pačoTaiomeMy no πρηη-itfjny BHxpeBoro Toxa, HMeiomnecH TpenpiHbí oGnapyxHBaioTCH rivet npHxacawmeroABmceHMH KaTyuiKH, onTexaeMofi πβρβΜβΗΗΗΜ flow Bbicoxoň nacTOTbi, but κοπωτω-BaeMoň aycTeHHTOBOň Tpy6e. Πρκ HanHHHH TpeiUHHbl MarHHTHOe none BMXpeBblX TOXOB Η3ΜβΗΗβΤ0Η h oxaabiBaeToSpaTHoe BnnaHne Ha ποπηοθ conpoTHBneraie xaTymxn. BenHHHHa 3Toro H3MeHe — HHH ΠΟΠΗΟΓΟ ΟΟΠρΟΤΗΒΠβΗΗΗ ΗΒΠΗβΤΟΗ pa3MepHbIM ΠΟΧ833ΤβηβΜ my6HHbl TpemHHbl. nonyneHHbie H3MepaeMbie BenHHHHbi e οδοκχ πρκδοροΒ nepe3 ycHnHTenb noflaioTCHx Hapy »HOMy caMonncny, χοτορωή peracTpHpyeT HanoxeHHbM oGpaaoM. flHarpaMMbi, aaroicáHHbie bo βρθμη HSMepeHHH H3MepHTenbHoro ynačTxa, πο3Βοπηιοτ c nocTa-TOWHoň TOHHocTbio h OHeHb 6wcTpo noxanH3HpoBaTb HafífleHHbie noBpeKneHHbie Mec-’fa, t.k. npoTH »eHHocTb hx CHHxpoHHa c n3MepnTenbHbiM ynacTKOM. IIoaTOMy H3 MepaeMhiň ynacTox Tpyfíbí npeHMyinecTBeHHo Hanan H3MepaeTCH BepTHxanbHo, aTonbxo there rfle noxa3biBaioTCH onarn noBpexneHHocTH CTpyxTypbi MaTepnana ηπηTpenniHbí during HCcnenyioT ero 6onee noflpoóHbíMH H3MepeHHHMH b ropH3OHTanbHOMh BepTHKanbHOM HanpaBJíeHHHx, IIonyneHHbie flHarpaMMbi 3aTeM cpaBHHBaioT c Banha-MHHaMH, nonyneHHbíMH paHbtne HyneBbíM H3MepeHneM HeHcnonb3OBaHHoň aycTeHHTo-bon Tpyób ποαο6ηογο pofla πρκ HeoGxoflHMoeTH cpaBHHBaioT hx c nnarpaMMa-mh Soieie paHHHx H3MepeHHn (xoppenHpoBaTb). 3th conocTaBneHHH cnennanHCTy πο3Βοηπιοτ HeMeflneHHo ono3HaBaTb pa3Mep NOB-pexneHHocTH CTpyxTypbi MaTepnana h o6pa3OBaHHH τρβπξΗΗ h flaioT βο3μο »ηοοτβnonynHTb flocTaTOHHo TonHyio ΗΗφόρι ^ ηΗΐο O6 owHflaeMOM πρΗδπΗΒΗτεπΒΗΟΜ cpoxecnyxGbi MaTepnana πρκ HopManbHbix ycnoBHHX hjih of rieoGxoflHMOCTH HeMeflneHHoň3βΜβΗΜ ero.

KpoMe Toro, H3 hhx Taxxe nonynaioTCH ηηΦορμηαηη nna. axHmH pHexHMaPoTBe ee, ycTaHOBneHHH ropenox h nnaHHpoBaHHH MePoHHHnOnHyxofly 3aHyHOBHaHHeM. ΠρΗΜβΗβΗΗβ cnocoGa πθ3Βοηπβτ nynmeeHcnonb3OBaHHe pesepea cpoxa cnyxGw Tpy6.

CymHocTb Η3θ6ρβτβΗΗΗ 6onee πορροδΗο oetHCHHeTCH Ha ocHoeaHHH npHMépa hnepTexa.

Ha HCnwTbiBaeMOM ynacŤxe TpyGbi 1 δωπ npHxpenneH πρηδορ 2 nepeflBHrawmHňCHflHCTaHUHOHHbíM ynpaeneHHeM BflOJib H3Mep «Emory ynacTxa c noMombio npHBOflHorofíBurar & 3 and nonyxpyrno Boxpyr TpyGbi nocpeflCTBOM pacnonoxeHHwX to πρκδο-PE cana3ox c πρηβοαημμ flBHraTeneM fourth Ha canaaxe 4 δωπη npHxpenneHbí flBaflaTHHxa H3MepaeMoň ΒβΠΗΗΗΗω 5, 6 (xoHTaxTHbie H3MepHTenbHbie 3OHflbi). ΒηθnenH b κοτοροή noMemeHbí HcnbiTbiBaeMbie Tpy6w, ποάτροβΗο noflBHXHoe ncnbiTa-TenbHoe yCTpoňCTBO 7 COCTOHBmee H3 flByX OGbRHblX yHHBepCanbHbIX Η3ΜβρΗΤβΠΒ ~ HbIX ΠρΗδΟρΟΒ flHH Η3ΜβρβΗΗΗ npOHHflaeMOCTH HCnbITaHHH Tpe®HH X XOTŮpOMy ΠρΗ ~ coeflHHeH caMonHmymHň πρκδορ 8. B xanecTBe H3MepHTenbHoro npnGopa PNA H3MepeHHH npOHHflaeMOCTH ncnonbaoBan ^ CH npHHHTMft B ΓΟΒρΓΟΒΠβ nepMeaMeTP, TOHHOCTb H3MepeHHH XOTOporO flOCTaTOHHOXpiH perHcŤpapHH Bcex HaMeneHHn npoHHnaeM & CTH, BCŤpenajomHXCH on npaxTHxe. 248264 4 B KauecTBe npH6opa ajih HcnbiTaHHH noBepxHocTHbix ρ ε Η ny ny cnyacnn πρκβορ (npn-6op απλ H3MepeHHH rnydHHw TpemHH, KOTopbiH paCoTaeT no npHHunny BHxpeBoroTOKa). 06a npHÓopa coeflHHeHbí c κοητηκτηημη Η3ΜερΗτεπΒΗΗΜΗ 3onqaMH 5h 6yAJiHHeHHbíM HcnbiTaTejibHbíM xa6eneM nepe3 ycHnHTenb 10th Enaroflapn npHMeneHHioycmiHTejiH 10 KOMneHCHposanHCb ποτερη H3MepneMbix ββπηίηη, BoaHHKawiHHe bCBH3H yflJIHHaHHeM KaÓBJIH C. Πρκβορ 2h cana3Ka npHBOflHnncb b 4 c fleňCTBHe οτΜβηεΗΗΟΓο nyHKTa nocpeflCTBOM AHCTaHAHOHHOrO ynpaBJIBHHH C nOMOmbK, flHCTaHflHOHHOrO KaCaJlH 12th ΠροήΑεΗ · HbIH nyTb H3M0pHT6JIbHbIX 3OHflOB πρΗ 3TOM CTOHJI B ΠρΗΜΟΜ ΟΤΗΟΠβΗΗΗ K nOflaneCaMOnHCIja. Ha3ΜερβΗΗΠ Ha BbIÓpaHHOM Η3ΜβρΗΤβΠΒΗΟΜ ynaCTKO Tpy6bl ΠΡΟΗ3ΒΟΑΗ-HHCb npH 3 ^ PM CHaMana BepTHKaJIbHO CHH3y BBepX. C nOMOmbK) flByX BKJIWHeHHblX H3MepHTejIbHbIX 3OHflOB COCTOHHHe MaTepnajia

Tpy6bi cnrHajiH3HpoBajiocb 3πεκτρΗηεεκΗΜ rivet <nepe3 ycmiHTanb 10h Hcnbrra-TeJibHbiň KaóeJib 9 npHÓopaM y3Jia ncnbiTaHHH 7 rfle oho BH3yanbHo oTCHHTanocbh nepeflaBanocb flanbme caMoramymeMy npnčopy 8 kotopmh what cbohmh flByMHπηοηημη napaMH 3anHcan flBe flHarpaMMbi, κατορωε defamation. B pe3yjibTaTe o6pa6oTKH flHarpaMM b nacTHOCTH rivet cpaBHeHHH c flaHHbíMHHyjicBoro H3MepeHHH He ÓbiBmcro b ynoTpečneHHH Tpy6bi, 6bino ycTaHOBneHo, ητοHa onpefleneHHbix MecTax HaSnioflaeTCH CHnbHan noBpewfleHHocTb οτργκτγρω If pnana him HCT τρεπρίΗ. nonoaceraie bthx mcct jierKo 6bino onpeflenHTb nepeHocoMJiHHT 3anHCH Ha Tpy6y. 0Ka3ajiocb, ητο 3Οημ noBpexfleHHH cTpyKTypbi MaTepnánaHaxoflHJincb Ha ε MecTax, rfle ropenKH HanpaBJíeHí HenocpeflCTBeHHo Ha Tpy6y. 3th 3OHbi oFnBlOBJiHCb 6ojiee noflpo6noTeM nepeflBHaceHHH 3ohaob b npo-flOHhHOM Ο ΠΟΠερεΗΗΟΜ HanpaBJíaHHflX. NPH 3ΤΟΜ ČbIJIO OČHapyaceHO, HTO ΠΟ CpsB-HCHHK) C flaHHbíMH HyneBOTO H3MepeHHH H npCHCHerO Η3ΜβρβΗΗΗ ΗΜβΠΟ MECT Πρθ ~ flOJiJKawmHe Hananbi TpemHHoo6pa3OBaHHH, flaBaBmee npeflCKa3aTb about HTO cyueTOM Harpy3KH b peayjibTaTe npoflonaoiTenbHoň paSoTbi h yflenbHoň npoH3BOflH-TOJibHocTH 3TA Tpy6a mohcct pačoTaTb no MeHbmeň Mepe EME oflHH KBapTan tomcjiynae b, b ecjiH TeneHHe pa6oTbi ee óyflyT BO3HHKaTb tojibko KpaTKoBpeMeHHbieHeHopManbHbie κοπεββΗΗΗ TeMnepaTyp him HeMeflneHHaH 3aMeHa Tpy6bi EME cwnTa-EtCN HeHyacHoň, HecMOTpn Ha HannHaromeecH o6pa3OBaHHe τρεπξΗΗ. ΦΟΡΜΥΠΑ H30BPETEHH8 first HaCŤHHHO aBTOMaTH3HpOBaHHblň cnoco6 H3MepeHHH nOBpeXfleHHOCTH CTpyKTypblMaTepHana απη κοκτροππ aycTeHHTOBbix MaTepnanoB nocpeflCTBOM H3MepeHHH προ-HHnaeMOCTH ΗΠΗ HCriblTaHHH TpemHH006pa30BaHHH B HaCTHOCTH Tpy6, BCTaBJíeH Hbix-b nenax nnpo.nH3a hjih ρηΦορμηηγη, oTnunaromuftca τθμ, ητο αητηηκη H3Me-paeMOň ΒβπΗΗΗΗΗ, paCnonoMeHHbie flpyr οκοπο flpyra Ha OflHOM npH6ope oflHOBpe-μθηηο c noMombio y3na TeneynpaBneHHH nepeflBHraioTCH c MecTOHaxojKfleHHH BflonbonpefleneHHoro HcnbiTbiBaeMoro ynacraa b BepTHKanbHOM η / ηπη γορη3οητηπβηομHanpaBJíeHHHX h nepeflawT nonyneHHbie H3MepneMbie βθπηηηηη nepe3 ycnnHTenbKaK h y3en ηοπμτηηηη caMomrmymeMy πρκβοργ, perHCTpHpyromeMy HanoaceHHbíM 06 pa3OM h Ha flHarpaMMax noKa3biBaeT MECT, pofl η pa3Mepbi Η3ΜβκβΗΗΗ MaTepna-na ηπη onpeflenHioT hx nyTeM cpaBHeHHH c flaHHbMH npoBefleHHoro HyncBoro H3Me-peHHH Ο ΠΟ BO3 MOJKHÓCTH θβΚίΚβ C flaHHbMH 6θΠεβ ρΒΗΗβΓΟ H3MepeHHH. 2 .. MacTHHHO aBTOMaTH3HpoBaHHbiH cnocoó well nyHKTy 1 oTnHnaiomHňcH τβΜ, ητοKOHTaKTHbie HšMepHTenbHue aoHflbí Ha Η3μ8ρηθμομ ynacTKe Hanan nepenBHraioT CH BepTHKanbHOM ΗΒΠρΗΒΠβΗΗΗ B H B 3aTeM KaK ΒερΤΗΚΒΠΒΗΟΜ T3K Η ΓθρΗ3ΟΗ ^ B - 248 264 5 ·

TartbHOM HanpaejieHHHX Ha Tex MecTax, r / e no / warpaMMaM oGHapyxeHbíΗ3ΜβΗβΗΗΗ MaTepHaJia. Αηηοτηηηη

MacTiMHo aBTOMaTH3HpoBaHHBi cnoco6 HaMepeHHH noBpexfleHHOCTH CTpyKTypbi Macanana (fig.)

CnocoG 3ββτ BO3MOMHOCT1, HcnwTbiBaTb ayCTeHHTOBwe TpyGw, BCTaBjeeHHbie b ne — uax impojiHsa hjih ρπφορΜΗΗΓβ, h cyflHTb Ha ocHOBaHHH peayntbTaTOB HccneaoBa-hhh o hhx flanhHenon npuroflHocTH κ sKcnnyaTaiiHH. C noMombio AByx pacnono-N pyr xeHHtdx flpyr okojío H3MepHTenbHwx 3OHgoe h npnGopa, nepeflBuraromnxcHBflonb hjih nacTHHHo Boxpyr TpyGbi, Moxhe JioKájiHSHpoBaHHO oGHapyxHBaTb h PE mcTpttpoBaTb Η3ΜβΗβΗΗΒ CTpyxTypbi MaTepwajia TpemHHoo6pa3OBaHHB h. no cpae-HeHHio c flaHHMMH HyjieBoro HSMepeHHH h / hjih Gojiee paHHen 3anHCH moxho onoaHa-BaTb h paccywnaTb o pa3Mepax noBpexAeHHocTH. ΠροβΗβΗο Η3ο6ρετεΗΗβΜ no payjibTaTaM 3KcnepTH3bi, ocymecTBjíeHHoň BenoMCT-BOM Π0 flenaM Η3θ6ρβΤβΗΗΑ Η ΠβΤβΗΤΟΒ rflp. 1 Ηβρτβχ 248264

Claims (4)

246 264 OBJECT OF THE INVENTION 1. A partially automated method of measuring material damage damage for controlling austenite pipes and other materials by measuring, breathability, or checking the formation of cracks, particularly pipes that are built into pyrolysis or reforming furnaces, characterized in that the sensors of the measured quantity are positioned side by side at the same time, by means of a remote control node (11), they move along a designated control section in a vertical or horizontal direction, respectively, and transmit the acquired measured values via an amplifier and a test node (7) to the recorder which applies them to and on the diagrams. the location, type and size of the material changes, or is determined by comparison with the zero measurement data and, if applicable, with the data of the previously performed measurement. 2. The semi-automated method of claim 1, wherein the contact measuring probes initially move in the vertical direction at the measured area and then in the vertical and horizontal directions only where material changes have been detected by the diagrams. 3. Supporting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lever (11) provided in the bearings of the housing rocking the lever has a bearing surface (12) permanently supported by the concentric axis of the bearing (1). the 3Θ levers (11) extending approximately through the bearing axis (14). 4. Supporting device according to claim 2, characterized in that the connecting line between the bearing axis of the swinging lever (3) and the central axis, in the form of an arc of support (7), corresponds approximately to the line of the supporting force of the primary lever. (1).