CS246532B1 - Livening agnet with antistatic and softening effect - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a fabric softener having an antistatic and softening action, low toxicity and good biodegradability, which comprises a mixture of a cationic and a non-ionic surfactant.

Fabric softeners improve the utility properties of fabrics, ie prevent or build up electrostatic charges on textiles, enhance appearance, soften the feel and facilitate washability in subsequent washes. They are applied in the last rinse bath to wet washed laundry after removing residual anionic surfactants from the wash liquor.

Commonly used fabric softeners typically contain a quaternary ammonium compound having an antistatic and softening effect. They may further comprise an emulsifier, an optical brightener, a colorant, a perfume or a pearlescent agent.

The quaternary salts used are generally dimethyldistearylammonium salts, substituted imidazolinium salts, alkyltrimethylammonium or alkylbenzyldimethylammonium salts. The starting materials are amines, diamines or triamines, which are produced in a relatively complicated manner.

In addition to their excellent utility properties, the quaternary ammonium compounds also have a number of disadvantages, in particular higher toxicity to nonionic surfactants and higher cost.

The above-mentioned drawbacks do not have the fabric softener composition according to the invention with antistatic and softening effect, low toxicity and it consists in that it contains from 1 to 36% by weight of synergistic mixture of cationic and non-ionic surfactant in weight ratio of 0.1 to 8: 1. a quaternary ammonium salt of formula I is used

R ²

R ^{1 -} COOCH 2 CH 2 N + - R 3 X * I wherein

R ¹ denotes an alkyl radical having 7 to 22 carbon atoms,

R ² an alkyl residue with 1 to 4 carbon atoms,

R ³ = methyl, ethyl or benzyl and

X a methoxy, ethoxy or chlorine atom and the nonionic surfactant used is an acyl polyglycol of formula II

R 10 CO (OCH 2 CH 2) _n OH II and / or an alkyl polyglycol of formula III

R1 (OCH2CH2) n OH III in which it has

R ¹ as defined above and n is a natural number of 2 to 36.

It is an advantage of the fabric softener composition that the desired antistatic effect is achieved with a lower amount of catlon-active surfactant, since the mixture of said cationic surfactant (KT) and non-ionic surfactant (NT) exhibits a synergistic effect. The composition has up to 1 order (according to KT: NT ratio) better antistatic effect given by the surface resistance of the treated fabrics than the theoretical assumption calculated based on linear combinations of the surface resistance of the fabrics treated with the starting surfactants themselves.

The fabric softener composition of the present invention reduces the surface resistance from 1.10 ¹² to 1.10 ¹³ ohms, depending on the fabric, to 1.10 ⁹ to 6.1 O ¹⁰ ohms, depending on the ratio of cationic surfactant to nonionic at a concentration of 0.4 grams. 1 ^_ 100% active ingredient, which is the normal use concentrations. Commercial fabric softeners reduce the surface resistance to 2.10 ^1θ to 8.10 ^{10 ohms} depending on the fabric.

The synergistic effect is shown in the following table for an application concentration of 0.4 g. ¹ 100% active ingredient and a combination of N, N-diethyl-N-methyl-N- (2-stearoyloxyethyl) ammonium methosulfate (KT of formula I R 1 = C 16 H 37, R ² = = C ² H ⁵ , R ⁵ = CH 3, X = = OSO 2 OCH 3 and acyl polyglycol ester (NT of formula II R ¹ = C 16, n = 16).

Surface resistance (ohm) KT: NT ratio PES PAD PAN

theory. determined theory. determined theory. determined pure NT 3.8. ion 7.7 ion 4.0. 10io 0.4: 1 6.7. ΙΟ ⁴⁸ 1,7.10 ⁹ 1.9. ion 2.5.101 ° 1.7.101 ° 3,8.10 ⁹ 1 - 1 1.8. 101 ° 9,9.10 » 6.8.101 ° 1.3.101 ° 8,5.10 ⁹ 2,6.10 ⁹ 2.5: 1 5,0.10 ⁹ 9,0.10 » 2.4.101 ° 7.5.10 ° 4,2.10 ⁹ 2,2.10 ⁹ pure KT 7,9.10 « 5,9.10 ⁹ 1,7.10 ⁹ without modification 1.0. ΙΟΙ ³ 6,0.1012 1,0.1012

The surface resistance is determined on a Teralin III teraohmmeter supplemented with a stainless steel probe in the form of parallel 10 cm blades spaced 0.7 cm apart. The measurement is carried out at a temperature of 20 to 22 ° C and a relative humidity of 60 to 65%.

The fabric softener composition of the present invention contains less quaternary ammonium compounds to achieve the antistatic effect and is therefore less toxic and better biodegradable since the nonionic surfactant used (especially when acylpolyglycol is used) is nontoxic and readily degradable.The LD 50 value reported for alkyltrimethylammonium compounds is 250-1000 mg. kg ¹ according to the type of alkyl (Jungermann E .: Catlonic Surfactants, New York 1970) The literature (Blažej A. et al .: Surfactants, Bratislava 1977) reported 2000 to 12 500 mg.l ^-1 for the alkyl polyglycols LD 50 and ^-1 for the acyl polyglycols LD 50. 12 500 to 50 200 mg kg-i.

The fabric softener composition of the present invention is also less expensive since the cost of nonionic surfactants is on average 2X to 3X lower than the cost of cationic surfactants.

There is no objective standard for evaluating the softening effect. The emollient effect is evaluated subjectively as described [Egan R. R., J. Am. Oll-Chem. Soc. 55, 118 (1978)] by a group of 5 persons who evaluate the terry cloth and classify them into 5 softness classes, where the 1st grade denotes the hardest canvas and the 5th softest.

The untreated canvas and the dimethyldistearylammonium chloride treated canvas, which have an excellent softening effect classified in softness class 5, are chosen as the comparative standards. It has been found that the feel of the canvas treated with the composition of the invention is comparable to that achieved by the above chloride.

The fabric softener composition of the invention is readily prepared by mixing the starting materials at 30 to 60 ° C in water.

The quaternary salt is prepared by quaternizing the reaction product of a fatty acid and diethylaminoethanol (optionally dimethylaminoethanol with dimethyl sulfate, diethyl sulfate or benzyl chloride).

Acyl polyglycol, respectively. the alkyl polyglycol is obtained by oxyethylation of a fatty acid, respectively. fatty alcohol.

Depending on the need and type of application, a perfume, colorant or optically brightener is added.

The following examples illustrate the composition and manufacture of the fabric softener with antistatic and softening effect, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

Example 1

A 10 m ³ reactor equipped with a stirrer and a heating coil was charged with 2,000

240532 liters of water heated to 40 ° C, 80 kg of stearyl-icosylethylene glycol are added and the mixture is stirred until complete dissolution. Then, 800 kg of 50% N, N-diethyl-N-methyl-N- (2-stearoyloxyethyl jamonium methosulfate) was added and the mixture stirred for 2 hours without further heating, followed by 580 liters of water, 40 kg of perfume over 1 hour. and stirred another 2 hr. yield pearly white conditioner having an excellent antistatic effect and good fabric softening composition suitable for use in automatic laundry washing machines. the composition is particularly suitable for antistatic modification purely synthetic fabric. it reduces the surface resistance to 8.10 ⁸ to ⁸ 10 ⁹ Ohm according to the type of fabric at the use concentration 0.4 g. I ^'1 100% active ingredient. softening effect is rated class softness fifth

Example 2

In a 10 m ³ reactor equipped with a stirrer and a heating coil, 2,000 liters of water heated to 40 ° C were charged, 80 kg of palmityldocosylethylene glycol and 240 kg of stearoylhexadecaethylene glycol were added, and the mixture was stirred until both components were dissolved and homogenized. Then, 400 kg of 40% Ν, Ν, Ν-trimethyl-N- (2-palmitoyloxyethyl Jamonium methosulfate) was added along with 2,000 L of water, and the mixture was stirred until fully homogenized without further heating. kg perfume, and the mixture was stirred for 2 hrs. gives a weakly viscous softener formulation with very good antistatic and softening effect. the composition at application concentration of 0.4 g. ^I-1100% of the active ingredient reduces the surface resistivity at 2.10 to 2.10 ^{1θ 9} ohms The softening effect is evaluated by softness class 5.

Example 3

In the same manner as in Example 2, 4000 L of water, 320 kg of palmitoyl octadecaethylene glycol, 640 kg of stearylpentacosylethylene glycol were mixed, and after homogenization and dissolution, 320 50% N, N, N-trimethyl-N- (2-myristoyloxyethyl ammonium methosulfate) was added. 680 1 of water, 40 kg of perfume, and the mixture was stirred for 2 hours. This gives a liquid fabric softener composition with antistatic and softening effect. the composition at application concentration of 0.4 g. I ^"1 100% active substances reduce the surface resistance of 6.10 to 6.10 to ^{9 The} softening effect is evaluated by softness class 4.

Example 4

To a 10 m ³ reactor (according to Example 1), 2,000 L of 40 ° C water, 800 kg of palmityldecaethylene glycol, 2,667 kg of 30% N-ethyl-N, N-dimethyl-N- (2-lauroyloxyethyl) ammonium ethosulfate are charged and the whole mixture is stirred until complete homogenisation. Then add 2493 1 of water, 40 kg of perfume, and the mixture was stirred for a further 2h. to give a concentrated fabric softener composition is especially suitable for manual softener. the composition at application concentration of 0.4 g. 1- ¹ 100% of the active substance reduces the surface resistance to 1.10 ⁹ to 1.101 ° ohms depending on the type of fabric.

Example 5

Into a 10 m ³ reactor equipped with a stirrer and a heating coil was charged with 2000 liters of water, 700 kg of 40% N, N-diethyl-N-methyl-N- (2-stearoyloxyethyl) ammonium methosulfate, 280 kg of stearoylhexadecaethylene glycol were added. Warm to 60 ° C and stir for 2 hours, add 4,980 liters of water, 40 kg of perfume over 30 minutes, and mix for an additional 2 hours to give a pearlescent white paste conditioner with good antistatic and softening properties suitable for use in The detergent at an application concentration of 0.4 g. I- ^{1 of the} active substance reduces the surface resistance to 1.10 ⁹ to 1.10 ¹⁰ ohms depending on the fabric type.

Example 6

2,000 liters of water, 555 kg of 40% N-benzyl-N, N, -diethyl-N- (2-lauroyloxyethyl) ammonium chloride and 738 kg of stearylhexacosylene ethylene glycol were added in the same manner as in Example 5. 4667 kg of water and 40 kg were added. perfume. yield conditioner suitable for use in automatic laundry washing machines. the composition at application concentration of 0.4 g. to ^1100% of the active ingredient reduces the surface resistivity at 4.10 to 4.10 ^{1θ 9} Ohm according to the type of fabric. the softening effect is rated class softness 4 .

Claims (1)

Fabric softener with antistatic and softening action, low toxicity and good biodegradability, characterized in that it contains from 1 to 36% by weight of a symmetrical mixture of cationic and non-ionic surfactant in a weight ratio of 0.1 to 8: 1, using quaternary ammonium as the cationic surfactant. a salt of formula I R2 RI COOCH2CH2N + ^-R3 X- I R ² in which R1 represents an alkyl radical of 7 to 22 carbon atoms of the invention R ² an alkyl residue with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R ³ = methyl, ethyl or benzyl and X a methoxy, ethoxy or chlorine atom and the nonionic surfactant used is an acyl polyglycol of formula II R1-CO (OCH2CH2) _n OH II and / or an alkyl polyglycol of formula III R1 (OCH2CH2) _n OH III in which R1 is as defined above and n is a natural number of 2 to 36.