CS241358B1 - A method of pre-sowing seed stimulation - Google Patents

Abstract

The purpose is to solve the pre-sowing stimulation of seeds by a physical method. The stated purpose is achieved by exposing the seeds to plasma clusters in the form of spatially and temporally limited formations with current densities greater than 10-4 A . . mnr2, which are in motion under the influence of internal dynamic forces. The clusters are created between electrodes at a pressure of 5 to 50 Pa, while the electrodes are part of a discharge circuit with a capacity of 10-5 to 10~9 F and an inductance of 10-2 to 10~6 H. A direct voltage of 102 to ΙΟ4 V is applied to the electrodes. Stimulation can be used for a variety of agricultural crops.

Description

The present invention relates to a method of pre-sowing stimulation of seeds of a crop plant.

The pre-sowing stimulation of agricultural crop seed has so far mostly been carried out by dipping in various solutions; for example, succinic acid or auxins are used. Although this stimulation has good results, it is laborious as it is associated with the re-drying of the seed. It has therefore not been applied in practice. Much more advantageous is the use of physical fields to stimulate the seed. It is used mostly in artificial magnetic or electric fields, laser, ultrasound, ultraviolet radiation, etc. However, the conditions of pre-sowing stimulation by the applied physical fields are not yet fully understood and its results are not always reliable.

The pre-sowing stimulation according to the invention exhibits a more reliable and higher effect, which is based on the fact that the seeds are treated with plasma densities in the form of spatially and temporally bounded formations with current densities greater than 10 ⁴ A. mm ² , which are under the influence of internal dynamic forces in motion and are formed between electrodes at a pressure of 50 to 5 Pa, the electrodes being part of a discharge circuit with a capacity of 10 ~ ⁵ to 10 ~ ⁹ F and an inductance of 10 " ² to 10 “ ⁶ H to which a DC voltage of 10 ² to 10 ⁴ V is connected.

Pre-sowing stimulation by plasma densities has a beneficial effect on germ length, plant development, early harvest and yield levels. As a proof of the stimulating effect of plasma densities on the seeds, a description of the specific stimulation and its results is given below. Parallel rectangular rod electrodes were used. The area used to calculate the maximum current density is 10 X 170 mm. The electrodes • are embedded in a tube. The seed container is placed in the tube at the ends of the electrodes, 4 mm from the end. The distance between the electrodes is 60 mm. The tube is depleted to a pressure of 30 Pa. The device was put into operation at C = 1.10 “ ⁷ F, L = 5. 10 ^"3 H, U - 5th 10 ² - 9. V. ³ V.

For the constant C and L of the different discharge currents in the circuit, and hence the maximum current, the densities, which are specified in Table 1, are achieved by varying the voltage. The number of densities corresponds to the number of half-waves of the periodic damped current flowing through the circuit through the electrodes and the seed when the capacitor battery, which is the source of energy for generating the densities, is discharged once. In the specific case, the number of densities (dose) was 10. To increase the effect, the whole process can be repeated and the seed applied in several doses, in the specific case 2 to 5.

The effect of seed stimulation by plasma thickening was observed in winter wheat Granada, elite seed of sieve fraction 2.5 to 2.8 mm. Seeds were germinated in the dark on filter paper in Petri dishes. The individual samples consisted of 4 plates of 50 suits each, so each test or control sample consisted of 200 kernels. The germ length was measured 7 days after sowing. The averages calculated from 200 keyring lengths are shown in the following tables. Differences between test and control samples were evaluated by t-test.

Table 1 shows the dependence on the plasma density current under the conditions described above. One batch of densities was used. ie 10 densities.

Table 1

Max. current, density (A. mm- ² ) dia. Key length (mm) difference from control (%)

1 .10 “ ⁴ 54.7 21 5. 10 “ ⁴ 58.3 29 1. 10 ~ ³ 59.7 32 5. 10 “ ³ 58.8 30 control 45.2 -

Table 2 shows the dependence of the length of the germs on the repeated action of plasma densities under the above conditions and the maximum current density of the first densification at a dose equal to 5. 10 “ ⁴ A. mm ^-2 . One dose of densities equals 10 densities, the time gap between doses was 3 to 5 min.

Number of doses

Table 2 Average Keyring Length (mm) Control

55.6 28

54.7 26

56.9 33

55,1 27

49.9 15

43.4 - difference from controls (%)

The tables presented show the effect achieved. Pre-sowing stimulation according to the invention resulted in faster growth of the germs in all cases studied. It is known that faster growth of germs is an indicator of further faster plant development and higher yield. The results of all experiments were statistically significant at the significance level P = 0.01.

Another embodiment of the stimulation according to the invention consists in placing the seed at any position between the beginning and the end of the electrodes. The procedure is the same as in the first case described.

The invention can be used, for example, to stimulate the seeds of plants grown in greenhouses, since faster germination growth is a reliable predictor of early harvest and higher yields, thereby reducing cultivation costs.

Claims (1)

SUBJECT Method for pre-sowing seed stimulation, characterized in that the seeds are treated with plasma densities in the form of spatially and temporally bounded formations with current densities greater than 10 ^-4 A. mm ' ² which are under the influence of internal dynamic forces in motion and are formed between electrodes at a pressure of 5 to 50 Pa, the electrodes being part of a discharge circuit with a capacity of 10' ⁵ to 10 ^-9 F and an inductance of 10 ' ² to 10 “ ⁶ H and a DC voltage of 10 ² to ΙΟ ⁴ V is applied.