CS239176B1 - Wiring to monitor the moment and place of crack formation in electrically conductive materials suitable especially for fatigue testing of materials - Google Patents
Wiring to monitor the moment and place of crack formation in electrically conductive materials suitable especially for fatigue testing of materials Download PDFInfo
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- CS239176B1 CS239176B1 CS839758A CS975883A CS239176B1 CS 239176 B1 CS239176 B1 CS 239176B1 CS 839758 A CS839758 A CS 839758A CS 975883 A CS975883 A CS 975883A CS 239176 B1 CS239176 B1 CS 239176B1
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Abstract
Vynález sa týká zapojenia pre dlhodobé lomovo-mechanické skúšky. Podstata vynálezu spočívá v tom, že merané úseky (2, 3) skúšaného materiálu sú zapojené ako ramená v sérii zapojených mostov napájaných zo zdroja (1) konštantného prúdu a ktorých ako druhé páry ramien sú zapojené časti potenciometra (6) rozdělené ich bežcom a signály z diagonál týchto mostov sú zapojené na vstupy meracích obvodov (9, 10) rozlišujúcich ich úroveň, polaritu a signalizujúcich okamih a miesto vzniku trhliny na skúšonom predmete. Vynález je možné využit v laboratóriách a skúšobniach, hlavně pri uskutečňovaní skúšok lomovo-mechanických vlastností materiálov a iných obdobných skúšok.The invention relates to a connection for long-term fracture-mechanical tests. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the measured sections (2, 3) of the tested material are connected as arms in a series of connected bridges powered from a constant current source (1) and whose second pairs of arms are connected to parts of a potentiometer (6) divided by their slider and the signals from the diagonals of these bridges are connected to the inputs of measuring circuits (9, 10) distinguishing their level, polarity and signaling the moment and place of the crack formation on the tested object. The invention can be used in laboratories and test rooms, mainly when carrying out tests of fracture-mechanical properties of materials and other similar tests.
Description
Vynález sa týká zapojenia pre dlhodobé lomovQ-mechanické skúšky.
Podstata vynálezu spočívá v tom, že merané úseky (2, 3) skúšaného materiálu sú zapojené ako ramená v sérii zapojených rnostov napájaných zo zdroja (1) konštantného prúdu a ktorých ako druhé páry ramien sú zapojené časti potenciometra (6) rozdělené ich bežcom a signály z diagonál týchto rnostov sú zapojené na vstupy meracích obvodov (9, 10) rozlišu júcich ich úroveň, polaritu a signalizujúcich okamih a miesto vzniku trhliny na skúšonom predmete.
Vynález je možné využiť v laboratóriách a skúšobniach, hlavně pri uskutečňovaní skúšok lomovo-mechanických vlastností materiálov a iných obdobných skúšok.
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Vynález sa týká zapojenia zariadenia na sledovanie okamihu a miesta vzniku trhliny v elektricky vodivých materiáloch, napr. pri dlhodobých lomovo-mechanických skúškach.
Doteraz známe metody sledovania majú nevýhody v tom, že vyžadujú na každý sledovaný úsek meraného predmetu samostatné zariadenie a ďalej, že sú náročné na zapojenia kompenzujúce vplyv zmien teploty meraného predmetu na přesnost merania.
Uvedené nedostatky odstraňuje zapojenie na sledovanie okamihu a miesta vzniku trhliny v elektricky vodivých materiáloch vhodné najma pre únavové skúšky, ktorého podstata spočívá v tom, že na zdroj ko.nštantného prúdu sú napojené tak merané úseky skúšaného predmetu rozdělené meracou sondou, zapojené ako dvojica ramien minimálně jednoho meracieho mostu, ako aj konce potenciometra rozděleného bežcom na dve časti, ktoré tvoria ďalšie dve ramená meracieho mostu. Meracia sonda a bežec potenciometra sú napojené na zosilňovač signálu, ktorého výstup je zapojený na vstup tak meracieho obvodu rozlišujúce'ho úroveň a polaritu signálu, ako aj na vstup signalizačných obvodov signalizujúcich okamih a miesto vzniku trhliny na skúšanom predmete. Výhodou riešenia pódia vynálezu je zapojenie, ktoré umožňuje jedným zariadením súčasne sledovat dva, resp. viac meraných úsekov. Množstvo sledovaných úsekov je obinedzene možnosťami napájacieho zdroja konšfcantného prúdu. Ďalšou výhodou riešenia pódia vynálezu je, že zapojenie vylučuje vplyv kolísania teploty na přesnost merania a možno ho použiť za normálnych, nízkých 1 vysokých teplot meraných materiálov. Příklad realizácie zapojenia podlá výkresu je schematicky znázorněný na výkrese, kde na obr. 1 je nakreslený případ, v ktorom skúšaný predmet je napojený na zdroj 1 rovnosmerného konštantného prúdu a rozdělený meracou sondou na dva úseky 2 a 3 — na dve ramená mostu. Ďalšie dve ra- mená mostu sú tvořené potenciometrom 6 rozdělené jeho bežcom. Konce potenciometra 6 sú napojené na merané teleso v miestach přívodu zo zdroja 1. Ak po vyvázaní mostu potenciometrom 6 sa začne šířit trhlina v ramene mostu v úseku 3, dostává sa na diagonále mostu signál so záporným znamienkom. Po jeho zosilnení v zosilňovači 8 sa privádza na obvod 9 rozlišujúci polaritu signálu a dalej na klopný obvod 10. Tento podlá nastavenej velkosti prahovej hodnoty signálu dává informáciu na signalizačný obvod 11, signalizujúci okamih vzniku trhliny a úsek, na ktorom trhlina vznikla a tiež ovládá riadiaci panel 12 zaťažovacieho stroja, ktorý přestane působit na meraný predmet. Ak trhlina vznikne v ramene úseku 2, signál má opačnú (kladná) polaritu, čo signalizuje obvod 11 a zaťažovací stroj takisto přestane působit na meraný predmet.
Na obr. 2 je zapojenie, pri ktorom skúšaný predmet je rozdělený na η-úsekov, ktoré po dvojiciach (2 a 3j, (4 a 5), až (η—1 a n] vytvárajú s potenciometramí 6, 7,... m v sérii zapojené meracie mosty napájané zo zdroja 1 konštantného striedavého prúdu. Před začiatkom zaťažovacej skúšky sa všetky mosty vyvážia potenciometrami 6, 7 ... až m. Ak působením zaťažovacej sily vznikne trhlina, napr. v úseku 5, signál z diagonály mostu po zosilnení v zosilňovači 8 přídě na fázovo citlivý obvod 9. Na druhý vstup fázovo citlivého obvodu 9 je zároveň napojené striedavé napatie zo zdroja 1 konštantného prúdu, umožňujúce rozlišit fázu meraného signálu. Fázovo citlivý obvod 9 rozliší miesto vzniku trhliny medzi ramenom v úseku 4 a 5, signál z jeho výstupu prichádza na vstup klopného obvodu 10. Z výstupu klopného obvodu 10 sa dostává signál na vstup obvodu 11 signalizujúcej okamih vzniku trhliny a úsek, v ktorom trhlina vznikla, dalej na vstup ovládacieho panelu 12 zaťažovacieho stroja, ktorý zastaví jeho působenie na meraný predmet.
The invention relates to a connection for long term fracture-mechanical tests.
The essence of the invention is that the test material sections (2, 3) to be tested are connected as arms in a series of connected feeders supplied from a constant current source (1) and which as the second pair of arms are connected to the potentiometer parts (6) divided by their runners and signals from the diagonals of these qualities, they are connected to the inputs of the measuring circuits (9, 10) distinguishing their level, polarity and moment signaling and the location of the crack on the subject of the test.
The invention can be used in laboratories and testing laboratories, mainly in carrying out fracture-mechanical properties tests of materials and other similar tests.
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BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the connection of a device for monitoring the moment and location of a crack in an electrically conductive material, e.g., for long-term fracture-mechanical tests.
The monitoring methods known so far have the disadvantage that they require a separate device for each track of the object to be measured and further that they are wiring-intensive to compensate for the effect of changes in temperature of the object being measured on the measurement accuracy.
The above drawbacks are eliminated by the wiring to monitor the moment and location of the crack in the electrically conductive materials particularly suitable for fatigue tests, which consist in connecting to the source of the constant current the measured sections of the test item divided by the measuring probe, connected as a pair of arms at least one measuring bridge, as well as the end of the slider divided by the slider into two parts that form the other two measuring bridge legs. The probe and the potentiometer runner are connected to a signal amplifier whose output is connected to both the input and the measuring circuit, distinguishing the level and polarity of the signal, as well as the input of the signaling circuits signaling the instantaneous and the location of the crack on the test item. An advantage of the solution according to the invention is the wiring which allows one or the other to simultaneously monitor two, respectively. more measured sections. The number of monitored sections is more open to the power supply of the constant current supply. Another advantage of the solution according to the invention is that the connection eliminates the influence of temperature fluctuations on the measurement accuracy and can be used under normal, low 1 high temperatures of the measured materials. An exemplary embodiment of the circuit according to the drawing is shown schematically in the drawing, in which: Figure 1 shows a case in which the test item is connected to a source 1 of a constant current 1 and divided by a measuring probe into two sections 2 and 3 - on two arms of the bridge. The other two bridges of the bridge are formed by potentiometer 6 divided by its runner. The ends of the potentiometer 6 are connected to the measured body at the points of supply from source 1. If, after the bridge is cleared by the potentiometer 6, a crack in the bridge arm begins to spread in section 3, a negative sign signal is obtained on the bridge diagonal. Upon amplification in the amplifier 8, it is supplied to the signal-polarity circuit 9 and further to the flip-flop 10. This signal level is set to the signaling circuit 11, signaling the moment of the crack and the section on which the crack is generated and also controlling the control. a loading machine panel 12 which ceases to act on the object being measured. If a crack occurs in the leg of section 2, the signal has opposite (positive) polarity, as indicated by circuit 11, and the load machine also stops acting on the object being measured.
Fig. 2 shows the connection in which the test item is divided into η-sections, which form pairs (2 and 3j, (4 and 5), up to (η-1 and n) with potentiometer 6, 7, ... mv Before the start of the load test, all bridges are balanced with potentiometers 6, 7 ... to m. If a load is generated by the load force, eg in section 5, the signal from the bridge diagonal after amplification in At the same time, an alternating voltage from a constant current source 1 is connected to the second input of the phase sensitive circuit 9. A phase sensitive circuit 9 differentiates the location of the crack between the arm in the sections 4 and 5, the signal the output of the flip-flop 10 comes from the output of the flip-flop 10. From the output of flip-flop 10, a signal is received at the input of the crack 11 signaling circuit 11 and the section in which the crack originates 1a, further to the input of the load machine control panel 12, which stops its operation on the object being measured.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS839758A CS239176B1 (en) | 1983-12-22 | 1983-12-22 | Wiring to monitor the moment and place of crack formation in electrically conductive materials suitable especially for fatigue testing of materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS839758A CS239176B1 (en) | 1983-12-22 | 1983-12-22 | Wiring to monitor the moment and place of crack formation in electrically conductive materials suitable especially for fatigue testing of materials |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CS975883A1 CS975883A1 (en) | 1985-05-15 |
| CS239176B1 true CS239176B1 (en) | 1985-12-16 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS839758A CS239176B1 (en) | 1983-12-22 | 1983-12-22 | Wiring to monitor the moment and place of crack formation in electrically conductive materials suitable especially for fatigue testing of materials |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CS (1) | CS239176B1 (en) |
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1983
- 1983-12-22 CS CS839758A patent/CS239176B1/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CS975883A1 (en) | 1985-05-15 |
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