CS237145B1 - Method of decarbonisation and dewatering of used petroleum oils - Google Patents

Abstract

The problem of decarbonisation is solved in the invention and drainage of worn oil oils by means of an aqueous surfactant solution the substance - oxyethylated alkylphenol, having an HLB value of 5 to 10, at temperatures up to 200 ° C. After stirring, it was separated oil substantially free of water and impurities that can be used in others technological operations or directly for less demanding purposes.

Description

The invention relates to the decarbonisation and dewatering of worn-out petroleum oils. The semi-finished product obtained can be used in other technological operations for the production of oils or as a lubricant for less demanding purposes.

Many technologies are now known for the recovery of worn-out oil oils, of which only a small part have industrial applications.

A precondition for successful regeneration of worn oils is their decarbonisation and dewatering. This applies in particular to the acid-clay process. Other methods of regeneration also require pretreatment of the material. The problem of decarbonisation and dewatering is addressed in the patent literature by a number of chemical and physical processes to monitor the removal of protective coatings around suspended particulate particles. A variety of coagulants, flocculants and surfactants such as alkaline phosphonates have been proposed.

006 888), stearates (belg. Pat. 517 234), sulfonates (NSR pat. 2 507 270), condensed alcohols (fr. Pat. 976 657), hydroxycarboxylic acids (jap. Pat. 74102 567), substituted amines (jap 74 697 02), (fr. pat. no.

005 199), urea (jap. Pat. 78 42 324), org. solvents (German Pat. 1024,650). Another group of flocculants are substances such as anhydrous aluminum chloride (Japanese Pat. 77 39042), anhydrous zinc chloride (German Pat. No. 2,421,903), ammonium salts of strong acids (US Pat. 3,879,282, 3,930,988), and dispersed sodium (NSR Pat. 1 105 543) In Czechoslovakia the industrial process of decarbonisation and dewatering by means of an aqueous solution of sodium silicate is used.

The disadvantage of these processes is the low yield of oil free of suspended carbon particles and other impurities as well as imperfect drainage.

The aforementioned drawbacks are overcome by the decarbonisation and dewatering process of the worn-out oil oils of the present invention which consists in mixing the worn-out oil oils at a pressure of 1 to 200 bar with a 5 to 50% aqueous solution of oxyethylated alkylphenols having an HLB of 5 to 10 in an amount of 0.01 to 3 wt. of oxyethylated alkylphenols to oil at temperatures up to 200 ° C, the resulting mixture is allowed to settle or the worn petroleum oil is decarbonised and dehydrated in the presence of solvent and oxyethylated alkylphenols under the conditions above, or the worn petroleum oils are decarbonised and dehydrated alkali metals or soils at temperatures up to 200 ° C and the resulting mixture is allowed to settle.

In this manner, a high yield of dehydrated and decarbonized oil is obtained. The advantage of the process according to the invention is that it is very simple, does not require high investment and does not provide any waste, since the resulting oil-in-water emulsion has a high calorific value and can be burned in a suitable combustion system. Dehydrated and decarbonised oil contains only trace amounts of water and an ash content below 0.02 percent by weight.

Example 1

The spent oil from the collection of predominantly motor oils depleted of coarse mechanical impurities by sedimentation was mixed with 20 wt. water containing 0.5 wt. of oxyethylated nonylphenol having an HLB of 9 per worn oil amount, the prepared mixture was stirred and settled at 50 ° C. The mixture was divided into a lower layer of an emulsion of oil impurities in water and an upper layer containing decarbonized and dehydrated oil. The yield of decarbonized and dehydrated oil was 85% by weight, the ash content was 0.02% by weight. and a water content below 0.2 wt.

Example 2

The spent engine oil, depleted of coarse mechanical impurities by sedimentation, was diluted with a 2: 1 weight ratio of naphtha and 15% by weight was added to the mixture. water containing 0.4 wt. of oxyethylated nonylphenol to the amount of oil used. The prepared mixture was mixed and settled at room temperature. The mixture was divided into a bottom layer - an emulsion and a top layer containing decarbonized and dewatered oil diluted with gasoline. The yield of decarbonized and dehydrated oil after distilling off the solvent was 90% by weight, the treated oil contained 0.018% by weight. % ash and below 0.2 wt. water. Example 3

The spent oil depleted from mechanical impurities was mixed with 10 wt. water containing 0.5 wt. % of oxyethylated alkylphenols, 0.5 wt. % calcium hydroxide and 0.5 wt. of ammonium phosphate to the amount of worn oil, the prepared mixture was stirred at 80 ° C, heated to 200 ° C under pressure and settled at 20 ° C. The mixture was divided into a lower emulsion layer containing impurities and an upper layer containing decarbonized and dehydrated oil which contained below 0.015% by weight. ash, water according to CSN 6560621 is not detected. The oil yield was 91% by weight.

Claims (3)

SUBJECT A process for decarbonising and dewatering worn-out oil oils, characterized in that the worn-out oil oils are mixed at a pressure of 0.1 to 2 MPa at temperatures of 20 to 200 ° C with 5 to 50% by weight. % of an aqueous solution of oxyethylated alkylphenols having an HLB value of 5 to 10 and the resulting mixture is deposited, the amount of oxyethylated alkylphenols used being in the range of 0.01 to 3% by weight. for worn oil. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized by INVENTION in that the viscosity of the worn oil is reduced by diluting with a hydrocarbon solvent, preferably a 150/200 naphtha. 3. A process according to claim 1, wherein an aqueous solution containing, in addition to oxyethylated alkylphenols, an alkali metal or alkaline earth hydroxide and an ammonium hydrogen phosphate in an amount of 0.01% by weight is added to the worn petroleum oil. % to 3 wt. for worn oil.