CS235491B1 - Chaff and rake harvesting equipment for combine harvesters - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention solves the method of obtaining chaff and crop residues during direct harvesting by combine harvesters and their collection together with straw by conventional harvesting equipment and their subsequent use. The device consists of a removable shaped hopper containing a sliding part, a fan, an exhaust pipe, a cyclone with a removable end and a fan drive from the combine harvester engine. The device is applicable to common types of combine harvesters after minimal modifications. It has a simple assembly and does not adversely affect the performance or maneuverability properties.

Description

The subject of the invention is a device for harvesting chaff, pickles, cakes, weeds and their seeds and other small parts.

When harvesting cereals with combine harvesters, the husks, pickles, oklasky, weed seeds and other small parts are still scattered on the stubble and their collection is practically excluded. This leads to the loss of valuable feed and litter and at the same time to the negative phenomenon that the harvest of cereals further spreading weeds. In the past, there has been an attempt to capture a portion of the chaff into containers with the aim of using it for feeding or littering purposes. These chaff tanks were equipped, for example, MS. ŽM 330 harvesters. Not only chaffs and pickles, but also crushed cabbage admixtures were collected in the bins. The design of the harvester and the location of the containers on them did not allow the contents of the containers to be discharged into the vehicle.

The husks with the other ingredients were discharged freely into a pile in the field after the hopper was filled. As this material was not sufficiently dried up in the piles, due to the high humidity of the green parts, heating, mold and overall material degradation occurred. Thus, the heaps were an obstacle to subsequent plowing, while the intended use of this material was not made, and thus the intent of capturing this material seemed unnecessary, and the construction to catch the chaff only unnecessarily took part of the power of the combine engine. For later harvesters, this equipment was omitted for these reasons. At the same time, these devices are not mounted on the combine.

These drawbacks are eliminated by the chaff-harvesting device of the combine harvester according to the invention, which consists of a suction chamber into which the rake feeder from the screen of the harvester combines. The ventilator is not connected to the suction chamber, the piping of which is connected to the separator, the outlet of which is directed behind the harvesters of the combine harvester into their longitudinal axis.

Through the separator, all small pieces are sucked out of the screen by the combine harvester b through the separator onto the surface of the straw row created by the threshers of the threshing machine. , which prevents the mass from falling out of the screen and isolates the touch from the soil moisture. Transporting the mass through the fan, duct and cyclone results in partial pre-drying and non-loosening of the mass inserted at the center of the row. The scraper sieve layered in the middle of the straw row is harvested at the same time as the straw, ie after both the mass and the straw, which contains larger parts of the green mass, have dried. Along with the harvesting of straw by conventional harvesting means, eg pick-up balers, pick-up wagons, etc., the material transported from the screen is also harvested. This material does not exceed the moisture of the harvested straw when harvesting straw, as it is air-dried not only from above but also through an air cushion that forms stubble and a layer of ruled straw.

The density of the straw line limits the fall of not only the chaff and the rake but also the weed seeds. In this way, the dwarf is also captured, as well as the hindquarters and grain fragments, which otherwise fell directly to the ground and could not be utilized. Harvesting this material allows its utilization mainly for feeding purposes. The device does not reduce the maneuverability of the combine harvester or its terrain permeability, it does not significantly affect the performance of the combine harvester. The simultaneous harvesting of straw with the sieve material does not increase the number of operations, without increasing the energy consumption per unit of harvested material. '

An example of an arrangement for harvesting chaffs and pickers in combine harvesters is shown schematically in the attached drawing, which is a general view of the apparatus side view.

At the entire width of the combine screen of the combine harvester is attached over its entire width a feeder of feeders 2 which opens into a suction chamber fixed to the fixed parts 6 of the combine harvester. The suction chamber is connected to a fan 4 whose duct 5. It engages from above into a separator 6 whose outlet J is directed from the shaker 8 to the longitudinal axis.

The weeds and pickers leaving the screen of the combine harvester 1 pass to the screen feeder 2, which coincides with the screen of the combine harvester 1. The rake feeder 2 transports chaff, rags, weed seeds, oklaska and other small parts to the suction chamber from which they are sucked out by a fan 4, which transports them through a duct 5 to a separator 6 where it loses speed and freely falls a row of straw shakers 8. The device makes it possible to direct the outlet 1 into a container or means of transport.

Claims (1)

SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION Device for harvesting chaff and combines in combine harvesters, characterized in that it consists of a suction chamber (3), into which the feeder (2) feeds from the combine sieve (1) of the combine harvester, and is connected to the suction chamber (3). a fan (4), the duct (5) of which is connected from above to a separator (6) with an outlet (7).