CS233451B1 - Method of wood impregnation - Google Patents

Abstract

The method for wood and wood-like materials impregnation is used by cleaning before impregnation the fit, moisturized wood from saw-dust, shavings, etc materials and is supplied by 3 to 30 apertures with a depth varying between 0.5 and 25 cm and a diameter of between 1 to 30 mm. After that the wood is cleaned to a humidity of between 25-69 w.% at the simultaneous circulation of the drying means with a relevant distiller from the primary processing of petroleum and/or a good made of a raw coal tar. The processed in this way wood is impregnated with an impregnating means with a pertinent oil impregnating means so that air of pressure between 0.1 to 0.6 MPa is infused into the material for 10 to 40 minutes, while the wood undergoes the effect of an impregnating means circulating under pressure of between 0.5 to 1.3 MPa for 60 to 300 minutes at a temperature of between 100 and 150 degrees C. The excess of wood means returns via an air treatment running under pressure of between 1 to 40 kPa.

Description

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a method of impregnating wood by mechanically preparing wood of tubular moisture for impregnation, drying wood in a preservative, and ultimately in impregnating wood with a preservative.

Prior art impregnation processes generally require wood to have moisture around the fiber saturation point prior to impregnation. Ruping, Lowry, Broese von Groenan, Bethel and the like are commonly used to impregnate wood. According to these procedures, one to two combined air pressure and oil pressure cycles _t are typically used, and the economy function is provided by air pressure which, when the oil pressure is canceled, displaces excess wood oil. The production of impregnated wood is not continuous but seasonal. A further disadvantage of these processes is the fact that wood in the process of natural drying is subject to partial deterioration as a result of the activity of wood-destroying pests, the consequent consequence of ongoing degradation, physiological processes (eg beech sleepers).

Another group of known impregnation processes used in impregnating wood of high humidity has been processes where the wood is dried in one medium and impregnated in another medium, e.g. BRD 898 803, 965 765 and US 945 693. The disadvantage of these processes is the long-term and complexity of the handling. The last group of known processes consists of Czechoslovak inventions (patents 94 367 and 101 587), where one impregnating substance is used, which is also worn by thermal energy. A drawback of the method of impregnation according to the above-mentioned inventions is that the leakage of moisture from the sleeper is unsatisfactory, e.g. impregnation of raw beech sleepers. In addition, the moisture enclosed by the impregnating agent in the central parts of the wood escapes from the wood only very slowly. A partial improvement over the latter group of patents is provided by the patent of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic no. 144 399, which addresses the possibility of faster removal of water from the impregnating oil-water mixture. In practice, it is gold that this method is not satisfactory despite the shortcomings of the previously mentioned groups.

According to the invention, the present invention is characterized in that the material, preferably raw wood, is mechanically cleaned of pilinjtries and similar materials prior to impregnation and is provided with 3 to 30 apertures having a depth of 0.5 to 25. cm having a diameter of 1 to 30 mm, and dried to a moisture content of 25% by weight, up to 60% by weight, continuously circulating a desiccant, preferably distillates from crude oil and / or crude coal tar products, and subsequently impregnated with the composition air is pressed into the material at a pressure of 0.1 to 0.6 MPa for 10 to 40 minutes and subsequently impregnating agent is circulated into the wood, which is circulated at a pressure of 0.5 to 1.3 MPa for 60 to 300 minutes at a temperature of 100 DEG-150 DEG C. and excess product is poorly recovered from the wood by application of air at a pressure of 1 to 40 kPa.

. Advantages of the invention are that wood of any humidity can be processed immediately after harvesting, e.g. other products to be impregnated with an oily impregnating agent. At the same time, the wood is mechanically freed from sawdust that is glued to it and provided with a maximum number of corkscrews (holes), which in turn will allow faster removal of water from the material or the material. its better impregnation e. The advantages of the proposed method of impregnation are, in particular, that any wood species, preferably beech and spruce wood, can be used for impregnation. The wood may be dried to the desired moisture, preferably to moisture values around the fiber saturation point, in which the release of the wood from the wood is predominantly in a liquid state. In the process, the dried wood is heated to relatively high values of 60 to 90 ° C throughout the cross-section, thereby completely stopping the possible development of biological pests, respectively. physiological processes, even in zones where the impregnating agent did not reach. In the proposed impregnation process, the required chemical resistance of the impregnated material is weakened. Using the proposed process, in most cases, the wood may be immediately shipped from the plant after impregnation, with the violet advantage being the total pre-impregnation of the wood mass, resulting in a prolongation of the service life. After the impregnation, the impregnating agent contains a maximum of 1% by weight of water, and thus immediately after the technological process it is possible to impregnate another batch. Impregnated wood can be produced continuously throughout the year.

In the impregnation boiler, the wood is dehumidified in the first stage by heating at a low pressure of the means and then subjecting the means to a very low absolute air pressure after pumping the means into the heater. The wood is exposed to low air pressure values until its relative humidity is reached and at the same time until water is evaporated from the preservative in the superheater. The first part of the moisture that we remove from the wood is in the liquid state. This drying cycle is repeated several times. In the heating process, the impregnating agent must circulate in the kodi and at the same time its temperature must constantly increase. In the second stage, the wood is dried to the desired moisture, e.g. nearest BNV impreggnuje olejovitm impregnating prostriddkom complete or efficient means with values ^and chloro temperature Dec tri <° l ^of the 60 to HO ° ^C and it ^d not ^a c ^h pressure alternated at ^the of ^0, 5 ^{and 1,} 3 MPa, composition it is circulated while being impregnated or heated.

P rilc la dl

Let's cut raw beech timber from the wake-up bar with a humidity of 65% absent immediately after extraction. These are mechanically freed from sawdust after the lubrication and further provided with 6 'upper bores, which serve to fasten the dredge to the railway superstructure and 8 with the lower bores. Insert the sleepers into the impregnation boiler and impregnate the impregnation process on ^{d 110} ° C. ^The NALS's create the storyline that ^e ^ nce of ^0.2 Ш> а. ^The puffs open up at the same time and at its steady state and intensity at the end of the course, e.g. at a speed of ¹ 5 ° ^{C /} hour/ ^{4 0 000} 1 plot. Heating's end this for three hours ^and c ^h and then put ^ s ^^ ICC to. heater. Next, we create an absolute value of air pressure in the ship _: 10 dPa, keep this value for 30 min and during this time we intensively vaporize the water from the history of the <dh * heater. The C ^ lus to repeat multiple times Further, as the heating príLčom ^No No ^p atm amended ^{d b} o u ^- a heating phase Ш vztochu slight lengthening the ^ e. In the second stage, let us set the sleepers to a pressure of 0.3 MPa, which is maintained for twenty minutes. Then, pressurize the process at the process pressure values higher than - 0.3 MPa. After filling, the oil is increased to 1.0 MPa. The oil circulates intensively when necessary and with intensive zoltarieva. After four hours, reduce the pressure of the action and pump it into a heater where it is drained intensively. Bleed sleepers nLater, we will be subjected to low air pressure with absurd values of ¹⁰ ДОа. ^{L 0} of 3 ^hours minútac zrubme Lo ^w pressure relationship ^d and ^e Otol ear opening. Itoea after impregnation sleepers can start impregnation again, moreover, the action in the preheater does not contain cold water.

Príllad2 ^pine guTatin ^y ^ of the ODI ^100% yyŠe abscl ^account tnyc ^{y ir, and} not the much ^PART A ^{reinforced concrete} vymodelujme a telecommunications raw chips, the mechanically dehydrated chips. Štípa then inserted into NaCN impr ^ ^ ^e of ODA and impregnated with them ^and Mpre ^{g No} Ný give O ^- t I ^ Lote ⁴⁰ ° C. The ^plated to create another put pressure of 0.1 bar. The grafts are heated in the vessel during the early drift of the plot while heating it intensively. Finish the heating after 5 hours and then pump to the heater. Next, we create an air pressure of 12 kPa at the absdut, maintain this value for 60 min, and vigorously vaporize the water from the heater. We repeat this drying cycle again. In the second stage, let's build a pine - billows of 0.2 MPa air for 20 minutes. Then press into the boilers with the pressure values higher than 0.2 MPa. After filling the boiler with oil, increase the pressure to 0.8 MPa. The oil circulates intensively and, if necessary, also intensively protects. After 3 hours, depressurize the process, pumped it into a grinder to remove water. At the end, the wood chips are subjected to low air pressure with absolute values of 12 kPa. After 30 minutes, reduce the air pressure and open the dotd.

Example 3

From spruce logs having a moisture content of 100% (immediately after extraction), pellet the raw telecommunication bars. We remove the sawdust mechanically from sawdust and provide the ground-air zone with tens of mechanical drill holes with a depth of 3 cm and a hole diameter of 4 mn. Insert the spruce chips into the impregnation boiler and impregnate the impregnation agent on them. Next, a pressure of 0.2 MPa is applied to the Pentor. The chips are heated with simultaneous circulation of the Pentor and its constant and intense heating. Stop the Olhirev after 4 hours and then pump the Pentor into a preheater. In Jalfiom, we create an absolute air pressure of 20 kPa in the boiler and maintain this value for 45 min. In the Priebe ^h at the ^right of ^d we arujeme already entora of ^L ^ edtoievača. The súéací c ^ ^yk lus of such further has ^ikr s ^t repeat. In the second stage, fill the spruce tree with Pentor and create a fabric pressure of 1.0 MPa. Lower oil pressure after 120 min. The pentor is pumped into a preheater and a 30 min.

The method of impregnating wood according to the invention is advantageously used, in particular, for the production of impregnated sleepers, columns and wheels into the ground.

Claims (3)

1. Method of impregnating wood and the like, characterized in that the wood, preferably raw, is mechanically cleaned of sawdust, shavings and the like before impregnation and provided with 3 to 30 holes of 0.5 to 25 cm in diameter with a diameter of 1 to 30 mimes, with a moisture content of 25% by weight to 60% by weight, in the continuous circulation of the lubricant, preferably distillates from primary petroleum processing and / or crude coal tar products, and subsequently impregnated with an impregnating agent, preferably oily prtstředkom impregnation such that the air is forced into the mattriálu at a pressure of 0.1 to 0.6 №Pa for 10 to 40 minutes and is weighed in the timber pushes the impregnating agent which is circulated the pressure ^p R of 0.5 ^{and 1,} 3 ^ pascal ^{60-300 minutes} plře ^ ^F or 100 ^F, and 15 ° ^C and ^ ^ eb-yl-made composition is recovered pesobiním air at a pressure of 1 to 40 mbar. 2. SpČsob impreffnáeie mmatřálov wood and similar, come to claim 1, characterized in that the wood from sušente impreígiáciou 'are carried out by heating the composition which circulates spravielt, at 80 ^W and 140 ° C for 2 and ^a suitable 12 ^ ^p ri of ^{0.1 to} 0.5 Wta per tablet 5 to 200 minutes, the process being dried 1 to 10 times over.