CS231835B1 - Plastic composition for decreasing of vibration wear influence in machine elements - Google Patents

Abstract

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a plastic composite for use with a plastic composite reducing the impact of vibration wear on machinery part of which is the essence of that it contains 47.0 wt. % to 98.79 wt. basic plastic components, 1.0 wt. to 44.0 wt. alkali metal carbonates earth or alkaline earth metal oxides or alkaline earth hydrates and their % mixture, 0.1 wt. up to 3.0 wt. salts of alkali carboxylic acids by number carbon atoms in the C, k to C2 n chain with alkali metals or alkaline earth metals, 0.01 wt. up to 1.0 wt. condensing triethanolamine and aliphatic products carboxylic acids having carbon numbers in the chain C 5 to C 2a and 0.1 wt. to 5.0 wt. alkanic cyclanic oil boiling above 280 ° C.

Description

The present invention relates to a plastic composite for reducing the effect of vibration wear on machine parts.

As is known, the friction of moving machine parts is very often reduced by the use of a liquid semi-solid lubricant. However, this is not possible and advantageous, therefore, polymers are used either in the form of inserts between metal machine parts or in the form of a direct substitute for one of the metal parts, which prevents unevenness of metal surfaces and reduces friction between surfaces. A disadvantage of these polymers is that they can be extruded from the interface under high pressure stress. Polyamide and polytetrafluoroethylene are most commonly used. Polyamides have relatively good mechanical properties compared to other polymers, production is simple and the coefficients are relatively low over a wide temperature and pressure range. They can be used as a rigid liner or as a wrapper for metal parts.

Various additives are added to the polymers in order to influence the shear properties. E.g. the addition of molybdenum disulfite reduces the coefficient of friction and increases the tensile strength, especially for thin polymer coatings. Addition of graphite or metal powder, eg to polytetrafluoroethylene, significantly increases the thermal conductivity of the material, the material is chemically inert, but its low mechanical strength and tendency to leak at higher loads make it only usable as a thin container in conjunction with metal liner.

Despite the use of polymers, the metal surfaces of the machine parts become damaged after some time. The metal surfaces have a central, apparently undamaged area and an externally damaged ring. This damaged surface is pitting and its appearance corresponds to the damage caused by friction of metal against metal. Worn grit always contains small particles of iron oxide. Thus, it is clear that plastics, even when filled with known fillers, are not able to effectively prevent the formation of vibrational corrosive wear, i.e., in the case of steel, in particular the formation of a number of oxides.

It is an object of the invention to overcome these difficulties.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the invention to provide a plastic which effectively reduces the occurrence of vibrational corrosion wear and does not require any modifications, such as lubrication, during operation.

The object is solved by a plastic composite for reducing the influence of vibrational wear of machine parts, which consists in that it contains 47.0% by weight. % to 98.79 wt. % plastic constituents, 1.0 wt. % to 44.0 wt. % of carbonates of alkaline-earth metals or alkaline-earth oxides or hydrates of alkaline-earth oxides and mixtures thereof; % to 3.0 wt. salts of aliphatic carboxylic acids having the number of carbon atoms in the chain CJJ -C ₂ qs alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, of 0.01%. % to 1.0 wt. % of condensation products of triethanolamine and aliphatic carboxylic acids having a number of carbon atoms in the chain of up to Cg of ₀ and 0.1 wt. % to 5.0 wt. of an alkane-cyclanic oil having a boiling point above 280 ° C.

The invention is further illustrated by exemplary plastic composite compositions.

Example 1

34.0 wt. barium carbonate,

1.0 wt. aliphatic carboxyl salts. alkaline earth metal acids such as calcium stearate,

1.0 wt. condensation product of triethanolamine and oleic acid,

5.0 wt. an alkane-cyclanic oil having a boiling point above 280 ° C, e.g. phenol formaldehyde resin resins.

This plastic composite substantially reduces the occurrence of vibration corrosion, exhibits increased lubricity and improved mold release properties.

3 and d 2

15.0 wt. calcium carbonate,

0.1 wt. alkali metal salts of aliphatic carboxylic acids such as sodium stearate,

0.01 wt. condensation product of triethanolamine and oleic acid,

1.5 wt. an alkali-cyclanic oil having a boiling point above 280 ° C, e.g. polyolefin.

With this composition of the plastic composite, in addition to eliminating the risk of vibration corrosion, products of a higher modulus of elasticity, reduced production mortality and resistance to higher loads are achieved.

Example 3

1.0 wt. barium carbonate,

3.0 wt. alkaline earth metal salts of aliphatic carboxylic acids, such as calcium palmitates,

0.1 wt. condensation product of triethanolamine and stearic acid,

0.1 wt. low viscosity alkane-cyclanic oil having a boiling point above 280 ° C, e.g.

oil vaseline white, heavy, up to 100% wt. polyamide.

In addition to the properties already mentioned in Example 2, this composition also results in a lower wettability of the plastic composite, a greater dimensional stability of the products and an increase in the accuracy class of the molded part.

Example

44.0 wt. calcium carbonate,

2.0 wt. alkaline earth metal salts of aliphatic carboxylic acids such as calcium oleate,

1.0 wt. condensation product of triethanolamine and palmitic acid,

5.0 wt. an alkane-cyclanic oil having a boiling point above 280 ° C, e.g. casting epoxy resin with catalyst.

Again, the plastic composite of this composition is characterized by reduced vibration corrosion, increased slipperiness, reduced production mortality and reaction heat, and increased impact toughness.

Example 5

5.0 wt. mixtures of calcium carbonate and calcium oxide,

1.0 wt. alkaline earth metal salts of aliphatic carboxylic acids such as calcium stearate,

0.02% wt. condensation product of triethanolamine and staric acid,

0.2 wt. an alkane-cyclanic oil having a boiling point above 280 ° C, e.g. polyethylene.

23,835

Example 6

40.0 wt. mixtures of barium carbonate and hydrated calcium oxide,

3.0 wt. alkaline earth metal salts of aliphatic carboxylic acids, e.g.

calcium stearate,

0.5 wt. condensation product of triethanolamine and stearic acid,

2.0 wt. an alkanic-cyclanic oil having a boiling point above 280 ° C, e.g. polyamide.

The alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts of higher fatty acids, such as calcium and sodium stearate, calcium palmiate, calcium oleate, are basically soaps of said metals which, when mixed with oil, form a gel structure of the actual fat. The addition of these soaps results in improved sliding properties in the resulting fat and a more firmly adhering lubricating film which exhibits a resilience to failure.

Alkanic-cyclanic oil, such as medical and white vaseline oil, heavy is a mixture of saturated hydrocarbons boiling above 280 ° C. It is a colorless to slightly yellowish, oily, low-viscous liquid which under normal conditions soaks the friction intermediate surface very well. The low viscosity ensures good absorption into organic fillers.

Alkaline earth carbonates such as calcium carbonate or mixtures of these carbonates and alkaline earth oxides, respectively. % of their hydrates form the solid lubricant base of the plastic composition because they adsorb the other liquid and semi-liquid components contained in the plastic. They crystallize mostly in the ethereal system, which provides good sliding properties. They withstand high temperatures without chemical-physical changes and resist high pressures. The advantage of these substances is that they have a very pure chemical composition and are precisely defined, thereby guaranteeing that secondary chain degradation reactions cannot occur in the plastic, eg due to the presence of impurities, especially heavy metals.

A further advantage of these fillers is that they are up to 10 µm in size, which ensures maximum homogeneity of the mound plastic product.

Condensation products of triethanolamine 8 barboxylovými aliphatic acids having the number _of carbon atoms in the chain C ^ to C _20, e.g., oleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid ^{0 0} have the function of a corrosion inhibitor, improve sliding properties and the adhesion of the lubricating film to the metal surface.

Alkaline earth carbonates or mixtures of carbonates and oxides contained in the filler in a large amount are a solid lubricating component that fixes the other lubricating components, i.e. the salts of aliphatic carboxylic acids, alkane-cyclanic oils and the condensation product of triethanolamine and aliphatic carboxylic acids. . By using alkaline earth carbonates, these lubricating and inhibiting corrosion (paeivating) components achieve their uniform distribution in the total mass of the plastic composite, even if these components are added to the plastic composite in percentage small amounts. Another method of uniformly distributing salts of aliphatic carboxylic acids, alkane-cyclenic oil and triethanolamine and aliphatic carboxylic acid condensation products of up to C ₂ q in the liquid or semi-liquid components would be difficult due to the conditions of preparation and processing of the plastic composite and not always as reproducible in quality. Fixing these components in alkaline earth carbonates also eliminates the possibility of squeezing the total amount of liquid and semi-liquid components by medium pressures from the plastic composite.

At higher pressures and at the same time higher temperatures, these components, e.g. the alkane-cyclanic oil initially releases only at the points of application of these higher pressures or temperatures. This creates so-called lubricating islands and since the other contact surfaces remain unchanged in their surface structure and shape, the displaced semi-liquid or liquid components displaced cannot escape outside the lubricating space. Due to the increased consumption of individual lubricating components in the lubricating islands, this local deficiency is compensated by diffusion of the lubricating components from other parts of the plastic composite where they remain. If the plastic composite contains only salts of aliphatic carboxylic acids, alkane-eyclanic oils or condensation products of triethanolamine with aliphatic carboxylic acid, all these lubricant components will be displaced at the increased operating pressures or temperatures, resulting in permanent leakage lack. Therefore, the plastic composite also contains a larger amount of alkaline earth metal carbonates which, in addition to their carrier and distributor functions, lower the friction coefficient (and hence the increased temperature) of the lubricant constituents at low and medium pressures or temperatures due to their properties. , eliminate the possibility of seizure and vibration corrosion. The composition of the individual components of the plastic composite maintains a favorable ratio of static and dynamic coefficient of friction even under extreme operating conditions. The plastic composite according to the invention significantly changes the wear of the contacting steel surfaces, in particular under vibrational stress, even at extreme amplitudes and frequencies.

Plastic composite and its made eg sliding bushes are more advantageous compared to materials lubricated in a classical way, especially in cases when the working environment attacks (leaches) lubricant, further in dusty working environments, there is no solid dust particles sticking to the viscous component of lubricant. causes unwanted wear of individual components. In the case of the manufacture of components directly from the plastic composite according to the invention, there is no regular control of the relubrication of the components since lubrication is provided directly by the lubricating components of the plastic composite, especially those components that reach the component surface during operation throughout the service life of the structural node.

Claims (1)

Plastic composite for reducing the effect of vibration wear of machine parts, characterized in that it contains 47.0 wt. % to 98.79 wt. % plastic constituents, 1.0 wt. % to 44.0 wt. % alkaline earth metal carbonates or alkaline earth metal oxides or hydrates of alkaline earth metal oxides and mixtures thereof; salts of aliphatic carboxylic acids having the number of carbon atoms in the chain C, to C ₂₀ g of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, of 0.01%. % to 1.0 wt. % of triethanolamine and aliphatic carboxylic acid condensation products having up to C ₂₀ and 0.1 wt. % to 5.0 wt. alkane-cyclanic oil, boiling above 280 ^° C;