CS223027B1 - Plastic composition - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a plastic encoder reducing the occurrence of vibration corrosion of gutters part which is characterized by the fact that in addition to 47.0 wt. % to 98.79 wt. basic % of the plastic component contains 1.0% by weight. to 44.0 percent wt. metal oxides corrosive soils and their hydrates, 0.1 wt. up to 3.0 percent wt. salts of higher fatty acids having a carbon number of 15 to 20 with alkali metals, 0.01 wt. up to 1.0 wt. triethanolamine condensation products; higher fatty acids with number of atoms 15 to 20 and 0.1 wt. up to 5.0% wt. alkanicocyclanic oils boiling above 280 ° C.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a plastic composite that reduces the effects of vibration wear on machine parts.

As is known, the friction of moving machine parts is very often reduced by the use of a liquid semi-solid lubricant. However, this is not always possible and advantageous, therefore, polymers are used either in the form of inserts between metal machine parts or in the form of a direct substitute for one of the metal parts, which prevents contact with uneven metal surfaces and reduces friction between surfaces.

A disadvantage of these polymers is that they can be extruded from the interface under high pressure stress. Polyamides and polytetrafluoroethylene are most commonly used. Polyamides have relatively good mechanical properties compared to other polymers, production is simple and the coefficients are relatively low over a wide temperature and pressure range. They can be used as rigid liners or as a packaging for metal parts.

Various additives are added to the polymers. have. to effect shear vlash. For example, the addition of molybdenum disulphite reduces the coefficient of friction and increases the ultimate tensile strength, especially for thin polymer coatings. Addition of graphite or metal powder - for example - to the p < t > < > > fluoroethylene significantly increases the thermal conductivity of the material, the material is chemically inert, but its low mechanical strength and tendency to escape under higher loads make it only usable packaging in conjunction with metal insert.

Despite the use of polymers, the metal surfaces of the machine parts become damaged after some time. The metal surfaces exhibit a centrally undamaged area and an outer damaged ring. This damaged surface is pitting and its appearance corresponds to the damage caused by the friction of the metal against the metal. Worn grit always contains small particles of iron oxide. It is therefore clear from this that plastics, even when filled with known fillers, are not able to effectively prevent the formation of vibrational corrosive wear, i.e., in the case of steel, in particular the formation of a number of oxides.

It is an object of the invention to overcome these difficulties.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the invention is to provide a plastic composite which effectively reduces the occurrence of vibrational corrosion wear and does not require any modifications, such as lubrication, during operation.

The object is solved by a plastic composite with a basic plastic component, which according to the invention contains 1.0 wt. % to 44.0 wt. % of oxides of corrosive earth metals and its hydrates, 0.1 wt. % to 3.0 wt. % alkali metal salts of higher fatty acids of 15 to 20 carbon atoms, 0.01 wt. % to 1.0 wt. % of triethanolamine and higher fatty acid condensation products having carbon numbers of 15 to 20 and 0.1 wt. % to 5.0 wt. alkanic-cyclanic oil boiling above 280 ° C.

Further features of the invention result from particular examples of the composition of the plastic composite.

Example 1

34.0 wt. caustic earth metal oxides and their hydrates, 1,0% w / w alkali metal salts of higher fatty acids, for example calcium stearate, 1.0 wt. % condensation product of triethanolamine and oleic acid, 5.0 wt. an alkali-cyclanic oil boiling above 280 ° C, for example, petrolatum white, heavy up to 100 wt. phenol formaldehyde resin.

This plastic composite significantly reduces the occurrence of vibration corrosion, exhibits increased slipperiness and improved mold release properties.

Example.d.2

15.0 wt. caustic metal oxides (soils and their hydrates, 0.1% by weight of alkali metal salts of higher fatty acids with, for example, sodium stearate, 0.01% by weight of triethanolamine and oleic acid condensation product 1.5% by weight of alkaltic-cyclanic boiling oil above 280 ° C, for example, petroleum jelly, up to 100% by weight of polyolefin.

With this composition of the plastic composite, in addition to eliminating the risk of vibration corrosion, products of a higher modulus of elasticity are achieved, reducing production, shrinkage and resistance to higher loads. '·.

Example 3. .. ..... '. ^:: '~ s'0' wt.%, Oxides of alkaline-that-., Min and hydrates thereof, 3.0% by weight. % alkali metal salts of higher fatty acids, for example calcium palmitate, 0.1 wt. % condensation product of triethanolamine and stearic acid, 0.1 wt. low viscosity alkanicocyclanic oil boiling above 300 DEG F., for example, petrolatum white, heavy, up to 100 percent by weight; polyamide.

In addition to the properties already mentioned in Example 2, this composition also results in a lower composite moisture content, greater dimensional stability of the products and an increase in the accuracy class of the molded part.

Example 4

44.0 wt. caustic earth metal oxides and their hydrates, 2.0 wt.% of a higher fatty acid salt, for example calcium olene, 1.0 wt. % condensation product of triethanolamine and palmitic acid, 5.0 wt. an alkanic-cyclanic oil boiling above 280 ° C, e.g. Casting epoxy resin with catalyst.

Again, the plastic composite of this composition is characterized by reduced vibration corrosion, increased lubricity, reduced shrinkage and reaction heat, and increased impact strength.

The alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts of higher fatty acids, for example calcium and sodium stearate, calcium palmiate, calcium oleate, are basically soaps of said metals which, when mixed with oil, form a gel structure of the actual fat. The addition of these soaps results in improved sliding properties and a more firmly adhering lubricating film which exhibits a higher resistance to failure.

Alkanocyclanic oil, for example, medical and white petrolatum, heavy is a mixture of saturated hydrocarbons boiling above 280 ° C. It is a colorless to slightly yellowish oil which is a low viscous liquid which under normal conditions wets the friction intermediate surface very well. The low viscosity ensures good absorption into organic fillers.

Oxides and their hydrated forms of caustic soils, such as calcium and magnesium oxide, form a solid lubricant base. The oxides crystallize mostly in the cubic crystal system, their hydrate forms in the six system, which provides very good sliding properties. It tolerates high temperatures without chemical-physical changes and resists high pressures without chemical changes.

The condensation products of triethanolamine with higher fatty acids having a number of carbon atoms in the C15 to C20 chain, for example oleic, palmitic, stearic acid function as a corrosion inhibitor, improve the sliding properties and adhesion of the lubricating film to the metal surface.

Corrosive earth metal oxides and their hydrates, present in larger amounts in the filler, are a solid lubricating component that fixes the other lubricating components, i.e., the salts of higher fatty acids, alkanic-cyclanic oils and the condensation product of triethanolamine and higher fatty acids. By means of the earth metal oxides, these lubricating and inhibitory corrosion (passivating components) achieve their uniform distribution in the total mass of the plastic, even if these components are added to the plastic in a percentage of small quantities.

Another method of uniformly distributing the salts of higher fatty acids, alkanocyclanic oil and triethanolamine and higher fatty acid condensation products, which are liquid or semi-liquid components, is difficult and not always equally reproducible due to the conditions of preparation and processing of the plastic composite. Fixing these components in the caustic oxides and their hydrates also eliminates the possibility of squeezing the total amount of liquid and semi-liquid components by medium pressures from the plastic composite. At higher pressures and at the same time higher temperatures, these constituents, for example the alkanocyclanic agent, are initially released only at the points of application of these higher pressures or temperatures. This results in so-called lubricating islands and since the other contact surfaces remain unchanged in their surface structure and shape, the displaced lubricating semi-liquid or liquid components cannot escape outside the lubricating space.

With increased consumption of the individual lubricating components in the lubricating islands, this local shortcoming is compensated by diffusion of the lubricating components from other locations of the plastic composite where they have been retained. If the plastic composite contains only higher fatty acid salts, alkanecycyclanic oils or condensation products of triethanolamine with a higher fatty acid, all lubricant components will be displaced and leaked at an increased operating pressure or temperature, resulting in a permanent deficiency.

Therefore, the plastic composite also contains a greater amount of corrosive earth metal oxides or their hydrates which, in addition to their carrier and distributor functions, at lower and medium pressures or temperatures of the lubricating constituents, with a significant increase in system friction coefficient (and thus temperature increase) their properties reduce friction, eliminate the possibility of seizure and vibration corrosion.

The composition of the individual components of the plastic composites maintains a favorable ratio of static and dynamic friction coefficient even under extreme operating conditions. The plastic composite according to the invention significantly changes the wear of the contacting steel surfaces, in particular under vibrational stress, even at extreme amplitudes and frequencies. Plastic composite and its made, for example, sliding bushes, is more advantageous in comparison with materials lubricated in a classical way, especially in cases when the working environment attacks (leaches) lubricant, further in dusty working environments, because there does not stick solid dust particles on viscous component of lubricant, unwanted abrasion of individual components. In the case of the manufacture of components directly from the plastic composite according to the invention, there is no regular control of the relubrication of the components, since lubrication is provided directly by the lubricating components of the plastic composite, especially those components that reach the component surface during operation throughout the service life of the construction node .

Claims (1)

Plastic composite containing 47.0 wt. % to 98.79 wt. a base plastic component, characterized by a content of 1.0% by weight of ingredients; % to 44.0 wt. % of oxides of corrosive earth metals and their hydrates, 0,1% wt. % to 3.0 wt. salts of higher fatty acids. With a carbon number of 15 to 20 with alkali and corrosive earth metals, 0,01% INVENTION % to 1.0 wt. % of triethanolamine and higher fatty acid condensation products having carbon numbers of 15 to 20 and 0.1 wt. % to 5.0 wt. of an alkane-cyclanic oil boiling above 2080 ° C, the percentages given refer to a plastic composite.