CS229071B1 - Headlight for motor vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

A motor vehicle headlamp comprises a source of light, a reflector for directing light from the source into a beam and a refractor for refracting the beam of light, the refractor including a portion on one side thereof which comprises an array of prismatic elements for refracting the light beam into a particular shape.

Description

The invention relates to a headlamp for a motor vehicle comprising a peraboloidal reflector, a refractor and a light source of an approximately cylindrical door placed in the reflector axially in front of its focus and shaded from below by an orifice.

In the headlamp, the Z-shape of the light and dark beam interface is solved such that on the proximal edge of the road this interface is formed by the directional effect of the refractive diopter elements rather than the elemental representation of the light source by the reflector.

The prior art European-type headlamps form an interface of light and dark by displaying the contrast brightness of the dark edge of the iris on a bright background of the illuminating surface of the spiral of the light source by the reflector. Depending on the shape of the aperture, the light beam is symmetrical and the interface is horizontal, or the aperture is provided with an asymmetrical cut-out, so that the light and darkness rises asymeerically to the horizontal at an angle of approximately 15 ° to the horizontal. In this case, with the standard geometry of the driving situation, when cornering in the direction of the proximity of the roadway, glaring traffic is dazzled. Also, the geological range of this light beam in the observer's main orientation area around the proximal side of the road is relatively small and is approximately 112 m on this shoulder and horizontally intersecting a plane perpendicular to the road and passing its proximal side by approximately 40 m. also the need for a relatively accurate lateral adjustment, since the mmonoot glare increases with increasing covergence of the optical axis of this headlamp from the lane axis towards the more distant edge of the road.

These disadvantages are eliminated in the headlamp according to the invention in which the dioptric elements of the sector-shaped concentrating zone overlapping the horizontal of the refractor on the far side of the roadway reallocate the light beam extending from the reflector so that the light-dark interface of the light beam is Z-shaped. so that it is approximately horizontal on the proximal edge of the road and offset upwards relative to the opposite side.

This solution will reduce or eliminate the moonnot of psychological to physiological glare of road users in the area on the side of the nearer edge of the road. Also, the geographic range of the light beam will be increased, so that, for example, at an angle of 45 ° between the two horizontal portions of the light interface, this magnification will be independent of the vertical alignment of the headlamp. its closer shoulder 3.75 times.

Thus, the luminosity of the headlamp increases into the proximity of the roadside, especially for a geological range of more than approximately 40 m, resulting in increased visibility distances, increased roadside brightness and possible obstacles, improved driver guidance and thus increased safety speed when driving at night and in poor visibility conditions. A further advantage of the headlamp according to the invention is the possibility of increasing the lateral alignment tolerance and, in the case of headlamps with reciprocal dipped and main beam, also the moonost creation of a high beam with higher homogeneity of luminous distribution due to the vertical vertical profile of the dioptric elements. refractor.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In the accompanying drawings, an exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown in a vertical sectional view of a headlamp usable for right-hand traffic, and in FIG. 1b in a front view, FIG. 2a is an enlarged cross-sectional view The headlamp refractor, and FIG. 2b in front view, FIG. 3, is a perspective projection of the roadway showing the light and dark beam interface according to the invention in perspective on a projection at right angles to the optical axis of the headlight, not FIG. 4 shows a roadway and a representation of the light-dark interface in plan view, and FIG. 5 shows the situation according to FIG. 3, however, the opposing axis of the headlamp is oriented towards the distal alley of the road.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a headlamp according to the invention, which consists of a fixed paraboloid reflector 6 with a focal length, a refractor 2, a light source 2 of approximately cylindrical shape of length and diameter. Placed in the reflector 1 axially before its focus F in a distant network Af and screened from below by the aperture 6.

Headlight. for illustration, it is stored in the orthogonal coordinate system χ, jy, so that the apex of the reflector paraboloid 1 coincides with the origin of the coordinate system and the optical axis. headlamp with χ axis. The refractor 2 is provided, on the far side of the road, with a concentration zone 1 approximately in the form of a circular sector concentric with the center of the refractor 2 and limited angles α Ψ relative to the vertical y of the headlamp:

Ψ | e <95 ®, - I 2 O °>. e '<30 °, -85 °>

Concentration zone 1 of the refractor 2, shown enlarged, is folded in FIG. 2b. of vertically oriented band-shaped prisms having a vertical section of the B-B prooil of the meniscus such that its refractive angle is dependent on the angle Ψ -arctg - (z / y) - and the polar radius- R »

- ^{(y2 +} z ² ) ' ^{/ 2} given in section:

Ψ = Ψ.

(4.r 4-R *) * (4. ^ ♦ R ^d )

ψ * Ψ ₂ = Π ₂

. (3)

l6.Af.f .R.cos ² ^ - 2.fd (4.f ² + R ^2). sin ν '

........... л -..—. ·,. ··, ·. · —...... ú + Θ (4.f ² + R ^W ) ² .- 6 " fd (4.f ^{2+. R2).} - sinW-j (4 <f ² + R ² ) ²

(4) where <vertical offset of left and - right part - light-interface - a.tmy>> e <0, - arctg - (0,025)>, '\ ^; ·.

taking the base. - this. The vertical refractive angle is. - for 'slice - V = - - on side - -y -. the lower edge of the headlamp and for the cut Ψ = ^ = and Ψ * - - to. - + hor _ν 2 - = “1 - e sign% з. = - + t - в on - side.-j bottom edge. headlamp - for signv ^ j = = +1 - and sign - 3 · = -1 and in - horizontal section CC. prism-prooH with base on. - from the nearer. 'the edges of the headlamp whose angle - - is dependent on'. polar coordinates Ψ, R given in section:

... (6) зг.дг.АА

Ψ: Ψ * _hl ⁶ <0, (-tgi ^) · (<» _ν1 ♦ ² · ί) <

Ψ = = ^π / 2 a 'in section h3 <1ι2

... (5) €

Sin-2.6 ?, зг.дг.Ая (4f ⁵ + R ^U ) ^In sin ψ

. :( Ί) where ε- adjusting vertical angle ε e <arctg '<0.005), arctg (0.0255 ^.

The dioptric elements of the concentrating zone 6 of the refractor 12 thus formed direct the electromagnetic representation of the light source J by the reflection X so that the desired shape of the Z-shaped light-dark interface is achieved.

FIG. plane - perpendicular. k optical axis - χ - shown

X, center £ and right R of the roadway. . The position of the eyes of the oncoming driver is shown here by the line J 1 and the horizontal of the headlight x, z is inclined by an angle * e relative to the plane of the road. wherein the light-dark interface at the side of the road closer to the horizontal is raised by an angle oproti relative to this horizontal. The glare-III · obbast is also bounded by a shape from below. Z, as highlighted by hatching, where the connection of both horizontal lines is at an angle of 45 ° ·.

The enhanced visibility area DV is evident from the progress of the dashed line of the present light / dark interface and the light / dark interface of the headlight according to the invention, which is enhanced by the angle α of the horizontal light / dark interface. For standard driving conditions, the DV area is defined by the intersection of the two interfaces of the space around the nearest roadway at a distance of more than 40 m.

The extension of the geomeeric range of the headlamp according to the invention is also shown in Fig. 4, where a roadway of width W and length L, for which the values are different, of vertical adjustment ε = 0.5%, 1%, 2.5 The light-dark interface of two headlamps is projected, the projection of the interface of the existing system. The headlight is indicated by dashed lines. From the above representation, it is apparent that. the Z-beam shows a noticeable increase in geomeeric range. compared to the existing system, and thus also allows the visibility range to be increased.

The benefit of the headlight according to the invention in terms of minimizing glare is illustrated in the case of cornering towards the proximal edge of the roadway of FIG. 5, where the roadway projection is shown in a plane perpendicular to the headlight axis. relatively displaced towards the far edge of the road.

In the existing headlamp system, in the space G between the intersection of the light-dark interface § and the line Y of the position of the oncoming driver and the lane axis, the asymmetric segment of the light image dazzles. The total possible glare space βθ for all cases of divergence of the headlamp optical axis osy and the lane axis is then given by the intersection of the interface g 8 by a plane parallel to the 8th plane of the road and through the focal point F of the headlight.

In contrast, in the headlamp according to the invention, this glare is eliminated completely if the inclination angle ε of the headlamp is greater than the angle (-) of the offset of the light image interface and in other cases the glare is reduced to a minimum. vehicles, in which glare may appear in this light image.

Claims (3)

SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION A headlamp for a motor vehicle comprising a reflector, a refractor and a light source of approximately cylindrical shape placed in front of the reflector and screened from below, characterized in that the refractor (2) is provided with a concentric zone (5) bounded by a circular sector with the center of the refractor (2) and the limited angles (ν ', v ^) relative to the vertical (s) of the headlamp having a value of: <<95 °, 120 °> W, <<30 °, 85 °> ... (1) wherein the concentration zone (5) of the refractor (2) is composed of vertically oriented band prisms having a meniscus profile in vertical section (BB) such that its refractive angle (<P _y ) is dependent on the polar angle (ψ) and the radius (R) in the section Ψ = V /, _m /-16(nf+q).f ² .R ^V v1 ^€ • я Д. COS \ (4.Г * R ² ) ^{2 1} -48Uf + q) .f ² .R -Θ, 7 7 (4.i + ίΓ) cos' or (2) V2 4.f + R 7 ... (3) ^Ψ 3 <16.nf.f ² .R.cosW, - 2 ^ .0. (4. ^ ² + R ² ). sin v, ---------------- 3 --------------------------------- 1 (4.f ² ♦ R2) ² 48.LГ ^ ^ й.совч> ₃ - 6.fd (4.f ² * R ² ). sin (4.G ² + R ² ) ² · + 3.0) .. (4) + 6), where f - the focal length of the reflector (1) Af - distance of the light source (3) from the focus (F) by the reflector (1) q - length of the replacement cylindrical lamp body (3) dv - the diameter of the replacement lamp body (3) Θ - the angle of vertical offset of the left and right parts of the light / dark interface, the base of this vertical refractive angle (<Р _у ) being for the V-v ^/ ₁ cut at the lower edge side (s) of the headlamp and for V = V ^ On the side (+ y) of the headlamp top for sign = -1 and the sign V » _v3 = * 1 and on the side (-y) of the headlamp bottom for sign φ ^ 2 ^s * 1 ^and eign = -1 cav horizontal section (GC) prismatic profile with a base on the side (-z) of the proximal edge of the headlamp whose angle of refraction <? _h is in section ψ _Β ψ ₽ΗΙ «Χ <), · ⁽ * v1 ⁺ (6) 'and in section' Z..f. / s.Af.fR - а. (4.Лй ² ) / * h3 < ------- 2 - Γ2Γ ------- X (4.f + R ^from r sign 32.Af.f ² .R 2.0, у ч-ч (4Г ♦ R ² ) ^Z sign ... (6) Headlamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the refracting angles · (<*>) · of the vertical and horizontal profile of the band prisms of the concentration zone (5) of the refractor (2) vary continuously between reference sections у / », ψ £, γ or discreetly. 3. The headlamp according to items 1 and 2, characterized in that the angle (Θ) of the vertical offset of the horizontal cut-off lines of the light beam and of the light beam is