CS243557B1 - Headlight for motor vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

Headlamp for motor vehicles the refractor of which is vertically inclined at an angle (Θν) and horizontally inclined at an angle (6> h) and provided with zones (Zi, 3,3,4) of the refractive elements inclined with respect to the vertical ( y) the headlamp, and their inclination angle is determined in relation to the angles (Θν, 0h) of the refractor. The geometry of the zones (Zi> 2,3,4) of the fractional elements is determined depending on the focus (Δί) and the diameter (d) of the light source and on the focal length (f) of the reflector. The boundary zone refractive elements (Z2.4) are of the prismatic type with a base of refractive angles (p) on the proximal side (Z2) and the distant (Zd) edge of the road

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a motor vehicle headlamp for right-hand traffic, consisting of a concave reflector, a refractor and a screened light source of approximately cylindrical shape disposed axially in front of the reflector.

In the case of a headlamp whose refractor is inclined vertically relative to the axis of the headlamp, an increase in the lateral range of the dipped beam and, in the case of a negatively inclined refractor, a reduction in glare, particularly in the peripheral zones of the dipped beam are provided.

The longitudinal tilt of the refractor in the present headlamp design causes an optical aberration which results in a deflection of the elemental images of the light source by the reflector from the linear scattering line. For example, for the vertical orientation of the refractive elements, with a positive inclination of the refractor, the elemental images of the light source divert downwards from the horizontal, for example from the horizontal portion of the light / dark interface of the dimmed beam, downwards.

Conversely, with a significant negative inclination of the refractor, the elemental imaging of the light source deviates upwards from the horizontal so that they can reach the dark zones defining the eye of the observer and, in particular, cause psychological to physiological glare at the sides of the light image.

These drawbacks are eliminated in a headlamp according to the invention whose refractor is provided with refractive element zones which, in order to compensate for the optical aberration induced by the vertical inclination of the refractor, are respectively deflected from the vertical of the headlamp. refractor inclination and depending on the magnitude of the horizontal refractor inclination.

The refractive elements in the edge zones are of prismatic type with a base of refractive angles on the side of the adjacent edge of the refractor. The geometry of the zones of the refractive elements is determined according to the focal length of the reflector, the defocusing of the light source and the diameter of the replacement body of the light source.

1 shows a vertical section through a headlamp with a positive inclination of a refractor; FIG. 2 shows the same section through a headlamp having a negative inclination; FIG. 3 shows a horizontal section through a headlamp; Fig. 4 is a front view for a positive inclination of the refractor; and Fig. 5 is a front view for a negative inclination of the refractor.

In Fig. 1, a vertical section A-A is a headlamp consisting of a reflector 1 placed by the apex at the beginning of the x, y, z coordinate system. In front of the reflector 1 is a refractor 2 with a positive vertical inclination angle + ιΘ _ν .

In front of the focal point F of the reflector 1 of focal length f, a light source 3, which is approximately cylindrical in shape with a minimum diameter d, is disposed axially at a given distance Af.

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view A-A of the headlamp, its refractor 2 having a negative angle of inclination of - 0 _V.

Fig. 3 shows in horizontal section Β-B a headlamp whose refractor 2 has a horizontal inclination angle of 0 _h .

In Fig. 4, a front view with a positive angle of inclination - (- Θν of the refractor 2 in the vertical direction) is shown in the front view "P". Refractor 2 is on the side of the near road edge between the horizontal after curve 4 given (4f ² + R) ² ] ² + Af. 4f. (4f ² - R ² ). (400. F. Cos ψ] ~ ΐ = 8. Af. F. R - d. (Tg ² φ ./4f ² + + R ^{2 / 2} + / 4f ² - R ^2/2 j ^1/2 .. (1) where φ - arctg (z / y) is the polar conductor angle and

R = (y ² + z ² ) ^1/2 is the polar radius, and between the headlight vertical y and the dividing line

Z = Y / 2, where

Z1 _{/ 2} = (1 'to 3). f ... (2 j provided with a zone Zi of refractive elements which make an angle ψι ψι = arctg with the vertical y of the headlamp (/ 4,5 to 13,5 / ^-1 . tg / 6> _v / j ... (3) and for z> Zi / 2 zone Z2 of prism-type refractive elements which make an angle ψ2 φ2 = (0 ° to arcsin / sin Θ _ν . sin 0 _h / j ... (4j, with prism-type refractive elements in the zone Z2 have a base of refracting angles φ on the + side of the road edge.

To compensate for optical aberration on the side of the oblique portion of the light-dark interface of the dim beam, the refractor 2 is between the ray 6 given as y = 0.268. z ... (5) z <0 and the curve 5, given as. Δί. f. R - d. (tan ² φ. / 4f ² + R ² / + ² / 4f ² - _R Z / 2) l / 2 _ ₀ ... (6) and the vertical line y of the headlight and the dividing line -Z3 = Z / 4, where of _3/4 = (2 ^{_1 / 2} to 2 ^1/2 ). f ... (7) provided with a zone Z3 of the refractive elements which form an angle ¢ 3 with the vertical y of the headlamp, given as φ3 = 15 ° to (15 ° + ¢ 1) ... (8) and for z <z _{3 / 4 through a} zone Z4 of prism-type refractive elements which form an angle φί with the headlamp vertical y of φί = 15 ° to (15 ° - ¢ 2) ... (9), wherein the prism-type refractive elements in Z4 have a refracting angles φ on the side —from the far edge of the road.

Fig. 5 shows in the front view "P" a headlamp with a negative angle - 0 _{V of the} vertical inclination of the refractor 2, where the angles ¢ 1 and ¢ 2 are changed, since these are negative according to general relations (3j, (4)). A 1 and - ¢ 2, thus also changing the value of angles ¢ 3 and ¢ 4 according to general formulas (8), (9).

For headlamps for left-hand traffic, the geometry of the zones Zi, ₂ . ₃ , _{4 of the} refractive elements of the refractor 2 given by the mirror image with respect to the vertical y of the headlight.

Claims (3)

Subject 1. A headlamp for motor vehicles, consisting of a concave reflector, a refractor and a light source screened from below with an asymmetrical orifice, characterized in that the light source (3) of cylindrical shape with a minimum diameter (d) is located at a given distance (Δί) F) a reflector (1) of focal length (f), the refractor (2) being on the (+ z) side closer to the roadside between the headlamp horizontal (z) and the curve (4) given as (4f ² + R ² ) ² + Δί. 4f. (4f ² -R ² ). (400. F .cos ¢) -1 = 8. Δί. f. R - d. (Tg ² ώ. / 4f ² + + R ^2/2 + / 4f ² - R ² ' ² ) ¹ ' ² ... (1) where Φ = arctg (z / y) is the polar conductor angle a R = (y ² + z ² ) ^1/2 is the polar radius, and between the vertical (y) and the dividing line z = Zi / ₂ , where z _1/2 = (1 to 3) .f ... (2) provided with a zone (Zi) of refracting elements which makes an angle (¢ 1) to the vertical (s) of the headlamp. φι = arctg (/ 4.5 to 13.5 / -1. tg / 6> "/) ... (3) where Θ _ν - angle of vertical inclination of the refractor (2) and for z> Zi _{/ 2} zone (Z2) of prism-type refractive elements which make an angle (¢ 2) s2 = (0 ° to arcsin / sin 0 _V) sin 0 _h /) ... (3) INVENTION where _0h - the horizontal inclination angle of the refractor (2), wherein the prism-type refractive elements in the zone (Z2) have a base of refractive angles (53) on the side (+ z) of the proximal edge of the road. Headlamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the refractor (2) is on the side (zz) of the distal edge of the road between the rays (6) given as y = 0.268. z ... (5) z <0 and the curve (5) given as 8. Δί. f. R - d. (tan ² ¢. / 4f ² + R ² / + ² / 4f ² - _R _ 2.2 2.1 j _{= 0 (θ)} and the vertical (y) of the headlight and the dividing lines of -Z3 = / 4, where Z3 / 4 = (2 ^{_1 / 2} to 2 ^1/2 ). f ··· (7) provided with a zone (Z3) of refractive elements which make an angle (¢ 3) to the vertical (s) of the headlamp, given as ¢ 3 = 15 ° to (15 ° + ¢ 1) ... (8) and for z <z _3/4 zone (Z4) of prism type refractive elements which make an angle (¢ 4) to světlomet 4 = 15 ° to (15 ° - ¢ 2) with the vertical (s) of the headlamp ... ( 9) wherein the prism-type refractive elements in the zone (Zrj) have a base of refractive angles (99) on the side (—z) of the far edge of the roadway. Headlight according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that in headlamps for left-hand traffic, the geometry of the zones (Zi _>2> 3, ₄ ) of the refractive elements of the refractor (2) is given by a mirror image with respect to the vertical [yj].