CS227976B1 - Equipment for melting,refining and casting of copper,aluminium and their alloys - Google Patents
Equipment for melting,refining and casting of copper,aluminium and their alloys Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CS227976B1 CS227976B1 CS537982A CS537982A CS227976B1 CS 227976 B1 CS227976 B1 CS 227976B1 CS 537982 A CS537982 A CS 537982A CS 537982 A CS537982 A CS 537982A CS 227976 B1 CS227976 B1 CS 227976B1
- Authority
- CS
- Czechoslovakia
- Prior art keywords
- melting
- alloys
- refining
- crucible
- casting
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims description 25
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims description 25
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title description 5
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 title 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010310 metallurgical process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
Vynález sa týká zariadenia na tavenie, rafináciu a odlievanie médi, hliníka a ich zliatin.The invention relates to a device for melting, refining and casting of media, aluminum and their alloys.
Technický pokrok vyžaduje stále čisrtejšie kovy a ich zliatiny. Vákuová metalurgie má velím! dobré předpoklady vyrobit kov s vysokou čistotou. Pri výrobě čistej bezkyslíkovej médi, hliníka s vysokou čistotou a ich zliatin sa využívá metalurgický proces tavenie vo vákuu a v grafitovom tégliku. Súčasný stav techniky indukčných vákuových taviacich pecí umožňuje taveninu vyliať z taviaceho téglika tak, že taviaci téglik sa otočí okolo osi kolméj na jeho zvislú pozdížnu os a tavenina vytečte cez okraj taviaceho téglika.Technical progress requires increasingly pure metals and their alloys. Vacuum metallurgy has command! good prerequisites to produce metal with high purity. In the production of pure oxygen-free media, high purity aluminum and their alloys, the vacuum metallurgical process and the graphite crucible are used. The state of the art of induction vacuum melting furnaces allows the melt to be poured from the melting crucible by rotating the melting crucible about an axis perpendicular to its vertical longitudinal axis and flowing the melt over the edge of the melting crucible.
Takýto spdsob má nevýhodu v tom, že oxidy, ktoré sa vytvoria v priebehu metalurgického π procesu a vypl^vajú na taveninu, sa pri vylievaní opat zamiešajú do taveniny a v prevažnej miere v nej zostanú aj po stuhnutí ingotu alebo odliatku. Pri vákuovej metalurgii sa i využívá okrem iného najma rafinácia roztaveného kovu, ktorá spočívá v tom, že určité koapoW nenty, ktoré sa odpařili, kondenzujú na voTných plochách taviaceho téglika, vylievacom žTabe téglika a llevika, pomocou ktorého sa tavenina spravidla dopravuje do kokily alebo formy.Such a method has the disadvantage that the oxides which are formed during the metallurgical π process and flow to the melt are mixed into the melt during pouring and are largely left there after the ingot or casting has solidified. Vacuum metallurgy also utilizes, inter alia, the refining of molten metal, which consists in condensing certain co-evaporatives which have evaporated on the open surfaces of the melting crucible, the pouring crucible and the funnel, by means of which the melt is usually conveyed to the mold or mold. .
To znamená, že při vylievaní taveniny spčsobom vyklápania v styku s kondenzátom na uvedených povrchoch prudko reaguje, čo má za následok vznik pórov v ingote alebo v odliatku.That is, when pouring the melt by tipping in contact with condensate on said surfaces, it reacts violently, resulting in pores in the ingot or in the casting.
V Speciálnych prípadoch, například při výrobě čistej bezkyslíkovej médi, připadne odliatkov z nej, je dOležité odstrániť z taveniny aj tie najmenšie oxidy. Indukčně vékuové pece, ktoré sa na tavenie a rafináciu medl, hliníka a ich zliatin m8žu použit, sú spravidla vybavené technicky náročným zariadením na vyklápanie taviaceho téglika. Takéto pece ad konstruované na hmotnost vsádzky od niekoíkých kg až do hmotnosti niekoTko 100 kg.In special cases, for example in the production of a pure oxygen-free medium or castings therefrom, it is important to remove even the smallest oxides from the melt. Induction-vacuum furnaces which can be used for melting and refining copper, aluminum and their alloys are generally equipped with a technically sophisticated device for tilting the melting crucible. Such ad furnaces are designed for a batch weight of several kg up to a weight of several 100 kg.
Vyššie uvedené nedostatky odstraňuje zariadenie na tavenie, rafináciu a odlievanie médi, hlinika a ich zliatin s požiadavkou na zvýšenú čistotu podl’a vynálezu, ktorého podstata spočívá v tom, že v dne taviaceho téglika je vyhotovený priechodný kuželový otvor, do ktorého je osadená kužeTová zátka, ktorá je pevne spojená so šnflrou. K podstata patří aj to, že v dne taviaceho téglika vytvořený otvor má dno a v dne tohoto otvoru sú vyvrtané otvory s malým priemerom. Taviaci téglik a kužeTová zátka sú vyrobené z grafitu a šnčra je vyrobená z uhlíkových vlékien.The above-mentioned drawbacks are eliminated by a device for melting, refining and casting of media, aluminum and their alloys with the requirement for increased purity according to the invention, which consists in that in the bottom of the melting crucible is a through conical bore into which the conical plug is fitted. that is firmly attached to the cord. It is also a matter of fact that the hole formed in the bottom of the melting crucible has a bottom and in the bottom of the opening there are drilled holes of small diameter. The melting crucible and the cone plug are made of graphite and the cord is made of carbon threads.
Výhodou zariadenia podl'a vynálezu spočívá v tom, že vyrafinovaná meň, hliník a ich zliatiny sa pri vylievaní 4 taviaceho téglika nedostáný do styku s voTným povrchom téglika nad taveninou, vylievacím žTabom taviaceho téglika, připadne lievikom, pomocou ktorého sa tavenina běžným spčsobom dopravuje do formy alebo kokily. Tavenina z taviaceho téglika vytéká po uvolnění zátky priamo kuželovým otvorom v dne taviaceho téglika.An advantage of the device according to the invention is that the refined copper, aluminum and their alloys do not come into contact with the free surface of the crucible above the melt, the pouring trough of the melting crucible, or the funnel through which the melt is conveyed in a conventional manner. molds or molds. The melt flows out of the melting crucible after the plug is released directly through the conical opening in the bottom of the melting crucible.
Na připojených výkreaoch sú znázorněné příklady vyhotovenia zariadenia podTa vynálezu, kde na obr. 1 je znázorněný rez taviacim téglikom s priechodným otvorom a na obr. 2 je znázorněný rez taviacim téglikom s částočne priechodným otvorom.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a crucible with a through-hole and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a crucible with a partially through hole.
Taviaci téglik £ na obr. 1 má v dne vytvořený priechodný kuželový otvor, do ktorého je zasunutá kuželová zátka 2 pevne spojená so šnftrou £. Taviaci téglik £ na obr. 2 má vytvořený kuželový otvor, ktorý neprechádza cez celú hrůbku dna, ale len do híbky 2/3 hrůbky dna, pričom v dne tohoto otvoru sú vyvrtané válcové otvory £ o malom priemere. Do nepriechodného kuželového otvoru je zasunutá kuželová zátka £ pevne spojená so šňčrou £. Taviaci téglik £ a zátka 2 sú vyrobené z grafitu a šníra £ z uhlíkových vlékien.The melting crucible 6 in FIG. 1 has a through conical bore formed in the bottom into which the plug 2 is fixedly connected to the wire. The melting crucible 6 in FIG. 2 has a conical opening which does not extend over the entire bottom depth but only into a depth of 2/3 of the bottom depth, with small diameter cylindrical holes 6 being drilled in the bottom of the opening. A conical plug 6 is fixedly connected to the cord 6 into the non-passable conical bore. The melting crucible 4 and the plug 2 are made of graphite and a string of carbon fibers.
Tavenina v oboch príkladoch vyhotovenia sa z téglika vypustí vytiahnutím kuželovej zátky 2 pomocou šnčry £. V druhom příklade vyhotovenia meá, hliník a ich zliatiny pretekajú cez otvory £ o malom priemere, čím sa zabezpečí velmi dobrý styk taveniny s grafitom, z ktorého je taviaci téglik £ vyrobený.The melt in both embodiments is discharged from the crucible by pulling the conical plug 2 by means of a cord 6. In a second embodiment, the copper, aluminum and their alloys flow through small diameter holes 4, thereby ensuring very good contact of the melt with the graphite from which the melting crucible is made.
Zariadenie podlá vynálezu bolo skúěané pri tavení a rafinácii médi s hmotnosťou vsádzky 41 kg. Vhodné je použitie v taviacich téglikoch pre meň, hliník a ich zliatiny s hmotnosťou vsádzky až do niekolko 100 kg. Zariadenie je jednoduché, zhotoví sa s nízkými finančnými nákladmi. Zariadenie je použitelné pre prácu vo vákuu alebo v inertnej atmosféře.The device according to the invention was tested in melting and refining of a medium with a batch weight of 41 kg. It is suitable for use in crucibles for copper, aluminum and their alloys with a charge weight of up to several 100 kg. The device is simple, it is made with low cost. The device is usable for working under vacuum or inert atmosphere.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS537982A CS227976B1 (en) | 1982-07-14 | 1982-07-14 | Equipment for melting,refining and casting of copper,aluminium and their alloys |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS537982A CS227976B1 (en) | 1982-07-14 | 1982-07-14 | Equipment for melting,refining and casting of copper,aluminium and their alloys |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CS227976B1 true CS227976B1 (en) | 1984-05-14 |
Family
ID=5398581
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS537982A CS227976B1 (en) | 1982-07-14 | 1982-07-14 | Equipment for melting,refining and casting of copper,aluminium and their alloys |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CS (1) | CS227976B1 (en) |
-
1982
- 1982-07-14 CS CS537982A patent/CS227976B1/en unknown
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