CS225262B1 - The lubricating agent for the cold rolling and the cold drawing of metal materials - Google Patents

Description

Rolling and drawing of alloyed steel profiles is technologically one of the most difficult operations, especially when the final product requires high surface quality and high yield relative to the total amount of processed material.

At present, a number of means are known which can be used for a number of very demanding forming operations. They are lubricants based on mixtures of chloro-paraffins, mineral oils and vegetable oils, to which, as a rule, other polar organic substances containing phosphorus, sulfur, etc., are added, depending on the application. author's certificate No (225 212, 222 579) jap. No. 3457/66, USSR No. 113 534, etc. However, even with this combination of substances, it is not possible to create a lubricant suitable for all forming operations. For example, the inner surface of tubes used in steam generators is critical, where the resulting surface must have a roughness of less than 0.1 to 0.4 jun R R. Here, it is necessary to add further inorganic oxide and hydroxide additives to the existing lubricants in order to achieve the desired parameters. The essence of the excellent lubricating properties of these compositions is that they increase the presence of inorganic material

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However, the strength of the film formed on the flow surface of mixtures of suitable organic substances, however, their broad and universal application is prevented, in particular, by their generally low stability and their difficult subsequent removal from the tube surfaces. Therefore, there is a tendency to use combinations of inorganic and organic materials to a limited extent only when all other means have failed completely.

However, there is another way to substantially increase the strength of the lubricant film on the metal surface without the need to add other components such as inorganic materials.

Such a method is the subject of the invention. '

The lubricating composition of the invention comprises 10 to 30% refined mineral oil having a viscosity 22-38 mm ^ s "^'1' at 50 ° C containing 15 to 30 wt%. % monoaromatic and 2-12% di- and polynuclear aromatic hydrochloric acid, 20-75 wt. chlorinated slack containing 25 to 60% m / m 10 to 60 wt. chlorinated vegetable oil, preferably rapeseed, castor or sunflower, palm and coconut and their partially hydrolysed products, such as the corresponding mono- and diglycerides with a total chlorine content of 1 to 25% by weight, preferably in a weight ratio of chlorinated slack / chlorinated vegetable oil 0.5: 1 to 4., 5: 1 and 5-40 wt. at least one of castor oil, rapeseed, sunflower oil, hoof oil, tallow, abietic acid esters, synthetic lecithin, phosphorylated ethylene; optionally propylenoxidovaný higher fatty alcohols, sulfonated higher hydrocarbons or a mixture thereof and the total number of carbon atoms per sulfo molar ratio of carbon / hydrogen in the hydrocarbon moiety _of C _n H _{n ^θ} η Η 2η + 1 ^{'k <is n = 1} ° ^to 40 and their neutralized forms, salts of fatty acids with primary, secondary and tertiary amines, alkyl phenols ^with some ° l ^G 10 alkyl, substituted one to four times on one aromatic nucleus and methyl- or fenylpolysiloxany. The mineral oil is preferably a mixture of cyclanic aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons having a mononuclear aromatic content of 15 to 30% by weight. and having a content of 2 to 12% of double and multinuclear aromatics.

The lubricant according to the invention is completely homogeneous, highly stable and is composed of components which withstand high pressures and temperatures, because under these conditions they form a very strong film on the surface of the metal to be formed.

The chlorinated slack itself, on a four-ball apparatus, exhibits values 25 to 30% higher than the corresponding chlorinated paraffin. In addition, for example, in a mixture with mineral refined oil and vegetable oil, this mixture has CCP and VUO values about 40% higher than otherwise the same mixture containing conventional chloroparaffin in place of the chlorinated slack. A further component of the lubricant according to the invention is a chlorinated vegetable oil or a partially hydrolysed vegetable oil with a chlorine content of 1 to 25% by weight. Chlorinated rapeseed or castor oil with a content of 15-10% by weight is particularly suitable for this purpose. chlorine or sunflower, palm and coconut oil containing 8-6 wt. chlorine.

In addition to the selection of suitable vegetable oils, it is desirable that their chlorination be conducted under such reaction conditions in which the addition of chlorine occurs first and only then

225,262 for chlorine substitution. A mixture of chlorinated slack, chlorinated vegetable oil, vegetable oil and refined mineral oil has a CKS and VUO value of about 40 to 60% higher than the corresponding mixture of chloro paraffin, vegetable oil and mineral oil, moreover it is more thermally stable and shows a lower viscosity drop with temperature, especially at temperatures above 60 ° C.

Technological tests have shown that the lubricant according to the invention is advantageous to be used especially in those operations where the starting material for forming does not have an ideal surface (R _A values are 0.8 µm and higher) and it is required that the final product has a surface with a roughness of less than 0.5 µm R t.

The composition of the lubricating composition according to the invention and its properties can be shown in the following examples.

Example 1 wt. chlorinated slack with a content by weight of 32% chlorine, 40 wt. chlorinated rapeseed oil containing 15% by weight chlorine, 10 wt. of refined mineral oil - of a kinematic viscosity of 28 mm ² / sec at 50 ° C with a monoaromatic content of 24 - 5% m / m and 10 wt. the rapeseed oil is mixed at a temperature of 50 to 60 ° C. The resulting product shows 5605.8 / 6242.8 on a four ball machine and a general wear indicator of 862.4 N.

It can be used for rolling steel tubes of class 15, achieving a surface roughness of 0.5 ± 0.3 µm R _a .

Example 2 wt. chlorinated slack with a content by weight of 32% chlorine, 40 wt. chlorinated castor oil containing 12% by weight chlorine, 30 wt. mineral oil selectively refined with a kinematic viscosity of 28 mm ² / sec at 50 ° C with a monoaromatic content of 24 - 5% by weight and 10 wt. the rapeseed oil is mixed at a temperature of 50 to 60 ° C. The resultant product has a 4880.6 / 5605.8 and a general wear indicator of 793.8 N on a four-ball machine. It can be used for rolling tubes of steel grade 15, achieving a surface roughness of 0.8 - 0.3 µm R _A ·

Example 3 wt. chlorinated slack containing 38% chlorine, 20 wt. chlorinated castor oil containing 12% by weight chlorine, 10 wt. mineral oil selectively refined with a kinematic viscosity of 28 mm ² / sec at 50 ° C with a monoaromatic content of 24 - 5% by weight and 35 wt. Synthetic lecithin with an acid number of 48 mg KOH per g is mixed at 50-60 ° C. The product produced on a four ball machine has a value of 6847.4 / 7386.9 and a general wear indicator of 1097.5 N. It can be used for rolling tubes of steel of class 17, achieving a surface roughness of 0.6 t 0.2 µm R _A ·

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Example 4% chlorinated slack containing 32 wt. chlorine, 15 wt. chlorinated castor oil containing 12% by weight chlorine, 15 wt. mineral oil selectively refined with a kinematic viscosity of 28 mur / sec at 50 ° C with a monoaromatic content of 24 - 5% by weight and 5 wt. The castor oil is mixed at a temperature of 50 to 60 ° C. The resulting product exhibits & KS 7328.1 / 8093.3 on a four-ball machine and a general wear indicator of 1070 N. It can be used for rolling tubes of class 17 steel, achieving a surface roughness of 0.5 * 0.1 µm E _&amp;

Example 5% chlorinated slack with a content of 40 wt. chlorine, 15 wt. chlorinated castor oil containing 12% by weight chlorine, 15 wt. mineral oil selectively refined with a kinematic viscosity of 28 mm ² / sec at 50 ° C with a monoaromatic content of 24 - 5% by weight and 10 wt. The castor oil is mixed at 50-60 ° C. The resulting product shows δΚ3 7328.1 / 8103.1 on a four-ball machine and a general wear indicator of 1117.4 N. It can be used for the rolling of tubes of steel of class 17, achieving • Surface roughness of 0.4 - 1 µm R ,,.

Example 6 wt. chlorinated slack containing 40% chlorine, 20 wt. of chlorinated castor oil containing 12% w / w chlorine, 15% mineral oil selectively refined with a kinematic viscosity of 28 mm / sec at 50 ° C with a monoaromatic content of 24 - 5 wt. and 5 wt. triethanolamine soap mixtures of fatty acids and total carbon atoms up to C ?? is stirred at a temperature of 50 to 60 ° C. The resulting product shows Sl <S 6965.1 / 7592.9 on a four ball machine and a general wear indicator of 989.8 N.

It can be used for rolling steel pipes of class 15, achieving a surface roughness of 0.4-0.2 µm R ^.

Example 7 wt. chlorinated slack containing 40% chlorine, 15 wt. chlorinated castor oil containing 12% by weight chlorine, 15% mineral oil, selectively refined, with a kinematic viscosity of 28 mm ² / sec at 50 ° C with a monoaromatic content of 24 · 5 wt.%, 1.7 wt.%. % of a triethanolamine soap of a mixture of fatty acids having a total number of carbon atoms C18 to _{C22 of} 2.5% by weight; of synthetic lecithin having an acid number of 48 mg KOH per g, 0.5 wt. 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol and 0.3 wt. The calcium petrosulfonate is mixed at 50-60 ° C. The resulting product shows SK3 7671.4 / 8142.3 and a general wear indicator of 1117.4 N on a four-ball machine. It can be used for rolling tubes of steel class 17, achieving a surface roughness of 0.4 - 0.1

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Example 8 wt.%, Chlorinated slack containing 38 wt. chlorine, 50 wt. chlorinated sunflower oil containing 5% w / w chlorine, 10 wt. of refined mineral oil of kinematic viscosity 28 mm ² sec ^_1 at 50 ° C with a monoaromatic content of 24 - 5% by weight,% by weight % ethylene oxide blends of C 1 to C 4 fatty acids with 4 ethylene oxide units, phosphorylated with phosphorus pentoxide and neutralized with triethanolamine,% wt. % of calcium petrosulfonate and 3 wt. beef tallow is mixed at a temperature of 50 ° C. The resulting product shows a CKS value of 7779.3 / 8132.5 and a general wear indicator of 1030 N on a four-ball machine. It can be used for rolling steel + class 17 tubes, achieving a surface roughness class of 0.4 - 0.1 µm R ^ ·

Claims (3)

Lubricant for cold rolling and drawing of metallic materials, characterized in that it contains 10 to 30 wt. refined mineral oil having a kinematic viscosity of 22 to 38 mm with ^- ^ at 50 ° C containing 15 to 30 wt%. mono nuclear aromatics and 2 to 12% wt. di and polynuclear aromatics, 20 to 75 wt. chlorinated slack containing 25 to 60% m / m 10 to 60 wt. % of chlorinated vegetable oil, preferably rapeseed, castor or sunflower, palm and coconut and their partially hydrolyzed products, such as the corresponding mono and diglycerides with a total chlorine content of 1 to 25 wt. and 5 to 40 wt. at least one of the groups of castor, rapeseed, sunflower, hoof oil, tallow, abietic acid esters, synthetic lecithin, phosphorylated ethylene- or propylene-oxidized higher fatty alcohol, sulphonated higher hydrocarbon or a mixture thereof with a total carbon number of 10 to 40 molar ratio of carbon / hydrogen in the hydrocarbon moiety ^{of the} nH _n ®ž ^CnH2n + l ^{where n} * ^{10 =} 40, and their neutralized forms, salts of fatty acids with primary, secondary and tertiary amines, some phenols having up to C ^ Q alkyl substituted one to four times on one aromatic ring and methyl or phenyl polysiloxanes. Lubricant according to claim 1, characterized in that the weight ratio of chlorinated slack / chlorinated vegetable oil and its partially hydrolyzed products is 0.5: 1 to 4.5: 1. Lubricant according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the mineral oil is preferably a mixture of cyclanic aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons having a mononuclear aromatic content of 15 to 30% by weight. and having a content of 2 to 12% of double and multinuclear aromatics.