CS223821B2

CS223821B2 - Způsob cyklického fiuidního katalytického krakování, popřípadě katalytického krakováni ve flslábovaas, popřípadě re zvířené fázi uhlovodíkových materiálů s obsahaní hmotnostně 0,2 až 6 % síry

Způsob cyklického fiuidního katalytického krakování, popřípadě katalytického krakováni ve flslábovaas, popřípadě re zvířené fázi uhlovodíkových materiálů s obsahaní hmotnostně 0,2 až 6 % síry Download PDF

Info

Publication number: CS223821B2
Authority: CS; Czechoslovakia
Prior art keywords: catalyst; cracking; zone; metal; sulfur
Prior art date: 1976-12-08

Application number

CS100877A

Other languages

Czech (cs)

English (en)

Inventor

Iacovos A Vasalos

Original Assignee

Standard Oil Co

Priority date

1976-12-08

Filing date

1977-02-15

Publication date

1983-11-25

1977-02-15 Application filed by Standard Oil Co filed Critical Standard Oil Co

1983-11-25 Publication of CS223821B2 publication Critical patent/CS223821B2/cs

Links

238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 103
NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 44
229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims description 43
150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 43
239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 title claims description 32
238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 title claims description 31
239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 17
125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 title claims description 8
239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 title 1
239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 274
238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 172
229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 162
239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 156
239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 122
230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 102
238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 102
239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 92
239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 90
239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 79
230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 76
238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 70
238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 55
238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 55
XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 42
229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims description 34
URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 32
150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 30
229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 27
PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 23
229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 19
OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 18
229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
239000011575 calcium Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical class [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 9
229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
229910052788 barium Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical class [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical class [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
229910003452 thorium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
150000002680 magnesium Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
MOWNZPNSYMGTMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidoboron Chemical class O=[B] MOWNZPNSYMGTMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
DNNLEMIRRGUGOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);thorium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Th+4] DNNLEMIRRGUGOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 claims 1
239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 61
UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 60
229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 57
239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 52
CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 34
RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 22
239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 21
150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 20
229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 17
150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 17
239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 15
239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 15
239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 15
XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
-1 ammonium cations Chemical class 0.000 description 14
230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 13
IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 12
238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 11
230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 11
230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 10
239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 10
239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 9
238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 9
230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 9
150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 9
HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 8
229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 8
YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 7
239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 7
238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 7
RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 6
238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 6
239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 6
238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 6
239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 6
239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 6
CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
150000002898 organic sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phencyclidine Chemical class C1CCCCN1C1(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCCCC1 JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 6
238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur trioxide Chemical compound O=S(=O)=O AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 5
229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 5
238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 4
239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 4
HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur monoxide Inorganic materials O=S=S TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 4
239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 4
239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 4
230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 4
239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 4
239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 4
238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 4
238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 4
238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 3
229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
239000012255 powdered metal Substances 0.000 description 3
238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical class O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
IWOUKMZUPDVPGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium nitrate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O IWOUKMZUPDVPGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 2
230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 2
239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 2
125000005594 diketone group Chemical class 0.000 description 2
239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
AKTIAGQCYPCKFX-FDGPNNRMSA-L magnesium;(z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical group [Mg+2].C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O.C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O AKTIAGQCYPCKFX-FDGPNNRMSA-L 0.000 description 2
MFUVDXOKPBAHMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;dinitrate;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MFUVDXOKPBAHMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 2
150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 2
ZHJGWYRLJUCMRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[6-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl]benzimidazol-1-yl]-3-[1-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethoxy]thiophene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=1C(C)OC(=C(S1)C(N)=O)C=C1N(C1=C2)C=NC1=CC=C2CN1CCN(C)CC1 ZHJGWYRLJUCMRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
229910011255 B2O3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
MCRWZBYTLVCCJJ-DKALBXGISA-N [(1s,3r)-3-[[(3s,4s)-3-methoxyoxan-4-yl]amino]-1-propan-2-ylcyclopentyl]-[(1s,4s)-5-[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-yl]-2,5-diazabicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-yl]methanone Chemical compound C([C@]1(N(C[C@]2([H])C1)C(=O)[C@@]1(C[C@@H](CC1)N[C@@H]1[C@@H](COCC1)OC)C(C)C)[H])N2C1=CC(C(F)(F)F)=NC=N1 MCRWZBYTLVCCJJ-DKALBXGISA-N 0.000 description 1
239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
150000001339 alkali metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
150000001341 alkaline earth metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical group 0.000 description 1
150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
UNYSKUBLZGJSLV-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;1,3,5,2,4,6$l^{2}-trioxadisilaluminane 2,4-dioxide;dihydroxide;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2].O=[Si]1O[Al]O[Si](=O)O1.O=[Si]1O[Al]O[Si](=O)O1 UNYSKUBLZGJSLV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
229910052676 chabazite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
238000002144 chemical decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
239000012084 conversion product Substances 0.000 description 1
238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
239000012013 faujasite Substances 0.000 description 1
239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
239000010795 gaseous waste Substances 0.000 description 1
239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 1
229940097789 heavy mineral oil Drugs 0.000 description 1
150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
239000003701 inert diluent Substances 0.000 description 1
239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
150000002681 magnesium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
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TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 description 1
229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
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230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
238000010517 secondary reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
ZCUFMDLYAMJYST-UHFFFAOYSA-N thorium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Th]=O ZCUFMDLYAMJYST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
DNYWZCXLKNTFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium Chemical compound [U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U] DNYWZCXLKNTFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
238000003260 vortexing Methods 0.000 description 1
239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1