CS218364B1 - An aqueous preparation for preparing synthetic fibers, especially polyester and polyacrylic fibers - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention solves the surface treatment of synthetic fibers at the manufacturer and processor, or. user of finished textile products from synthetic fibers and mixtures with wool. When using non-ionic preparation agents based on acyl polyglycol esters or oxyethylated alcohols, 1 to 5% by weight of a salt of phosphoric acid, preferably normal sodium salt, is added, while the antistatic efficiency of the agents is increased at a given content of the preparation on the fiber and the frictional properties are improved, which allows to reduce the content of fabric softener on the fiber. The addition of salt simultaneously solves the reduction of foaming, corrosiveness of equipment and bacteriological decomposition of aqueous solutions during technological application. The reduction of the deposit simultaneously leads to a reduction of abrasion or dustiness during the processing of synthetic fibers.

Description

The invention solves the surface treatment of synthetic fibers at the manufacturer and processor, respectively. users of finished textile products of synthetic fibers and wool blends. When using nonionic preparation compositions based on acyl polyglycol esters or oxyethylated alcohols, 1 to 5 wt. phosphoric acid salts, preferably normal sodium salts, while increasing the antistatic efficacy of the compositions at a given fiber content and improving the frictional properties, thereby allowing the fabric softener content to be reduced. At the same time, the addition of salt solves the reduction of foaming, corrosion of equipment and bacteriological decomposition of aqueous solutions during technological application. At the same time, reduced deposition leads to reduced abrasion or dustiness in the processing of synthetic fibers.

The invention relates to the surface treatment of synthetic fibers at the manufacturer and the processor, and possibly the user of the finished synthetic fiber products and wool blends. The proposed surface treatment makes it possible to obtain better surface properties while at the same time reducing the manufacturing costs of this treatment.

Currently, a variety of different organic compounds are used alone or in admixture to coat synthetic fibers, and the presence of inorganic substances is due to a conventional process for their preparation, but deliberate addition to these substances for the synergistic effect is not common. Some special cases of deliberate additions are known from the literature in order to improve a single property in the surface treatment of a special fiber type. E.g. SU 412 807 discloses the use of a mixture of Na-Zn salts of alkyl silicates to improve the physico-mechanical properties of textile products such as hydrophobicity, pilling resistance, bactericide and antistatic properties. Japanese Patent 106,896 discloses the production of antistatic staple fibers dyeable with an ionic dye preparation containing a mixture of inorganic salts of phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid. Japanese Patent 103,099 enhances the antistatic efficiency of a preparation comprising a metal salt of a phosphoric acid ester or a polyalkylene glycol alkylphosphoric ester by the addition of K 3 PO 4. The coating especially for tearing polyester wires on the converter (see Research Disscloisure No. 169, May 1978) is solved by the addition of a potassium salt of a tribasic acid such as phosphoric acid, citric acid or boric acid at pH 7-8.

According to the invention, the proposed process makes it possible to coat both synthetic fibers and finished textile articles at a lower manufacturing cost, which is achieved by adding phosphorus salt to the non-ionic composition to reduce its amount on the fiber while maintaining or improving performance.

When a phosphate salt formulation is applied, the following effects are achieved compared to the original formulation:

- addition of salt shifts the pH of the environment into an alkaline environment, which has a beneficial effect on reducing foaming, reducing the corrosion of the device and reducing bacteriological decomposition of aqueous solutions;

- the addition of salt to the non-ionic preparation allows the application rate on the fiber or fabric to be reduced by up to 30% while maintaining good antistatic treatment;

- reducing the amount of preparation on the salt-added fiber leads to an improvement in the friction properties of the surface-treated fiber, thereby improving the processability and / or the useful properties and reducing the abrasion or dustiness during processing;

- the proposed solution can be used in the surface treatment of all known types of polyester and polyacrylic fibers, very beneficial effects were also achieved when applied to wool and mixed textile products;

Preferably it can be applied to synthetic fibers after dyeing.

In the following examples, percentages are by weight unless otherwise indicated.

Example 1

Navážka NasPCh. 10 H 2 O is poured over about 10 t of water and heated to 50-60 ° C. The salt dissolves completely with gentle stirring. The salt solution is then added to the aqueous solution of the non-ionic composition and applied to the fiber by a conventional process of finishing the fiber (by dipping, spraying or a combination thereof). For the production of polyethylene terephthalate fiber with a fineness of 0.44 tex, a 3% oxyethylated coconut acid solution was added with the addition of 2 g of phosphoric salt per liter of solution. In the treated staple fiber, a fabric softener amount of 0.2% was achieved, and the antistatic efficiency in terms of electrical resistance was of an order of magnitude better than that of a 0.3% preparation without salt addition. The fiber was processable in a conventional manner, reducing the coefficient of friction of the fiber-metal by up to 20%, which had a favorable effect on textile processing.

Example 2

On a polyethylene terephthalate fiber having a fineness of 0.36 dtex prepared as a cable for the cutting converter, a portion of a preparation containing 3% of oxyethylated oleic acid in aqueous solution with the addition of 2 g of Na 2 HPO was first applied. . 12 H2O per liter of preparation solution, prior to fixation in the free state, and the second part of the same composition in the form of a spray before packaging. The amount of composition on the fiber was 0.15 to 0.18%. Good workability on cutting converters and other operations was achieved. The fiber treated in this way could be reduced by half before conditioning on the converter. Abrasion was reduced during pre-spinning.

Example 3

The following preparation was prepared:

Water, 25% of oxyethylated palmosuccinic acid (coconut) and 5% of NaPO4.10

H2O. This composition was applied from an aqueous environment to a textile material of poly (acrylic, polyester, wool) and wool and mixtures thereof at a concentration corresponding to 0.01% phosphoric salt by weight of the product. In such treated products, an improvement in feel was achieved and electrostatic charge formation was eliminated.

Advantageously, the composition may be used as part of the last wash bath of both the manufacturer and the small consumer.

Example 4

The procedure of Example 3 was followed except that the formulation contained only 20% oxyethylated palm kernic acid and 5% oxyethylated lau64 rylalcohol. Compared to Example 3, an even better feel was achieved and the antistatic efficacy of the preparation was comparable.

Example 5

In the preparation of a polyester fiber having a fineness of 0.31 tex for dyeing in a flake, a pre-fixation formulation was applied in the free state, which contained 2% oxyethylated oleic acid in an aqueous solution with the addition of 1 g / l of NasPCU. The resulting amount of composition on the finished fiber was 0.05-0.08 percent. Cutting and packing of the staple took place without problems and the creation of static charge.

Claims (1)

SUBJECT Aqueous preparation for the preparation of synthetic fibers, in particular polyester and polyacrylic fibers, containing 1 to 30% by weight, based on the weight of the aqueous preparation, of non-ionic surfactants based on acyl polyglycol esters Or an oxyethylated alcohol, characterized in that it additionally contains 1 to 5% by weight, based on the weight of the aqueous preparation, of a phosphoric acid salt, in particular of normal sodium phosphoric acid salt.