CS217563B1 - A method for washing textile materials after printing and dyeing with anionic and disperse dyes or combinations thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of washing textile materials after printing and dyeing with anionic, disperse dyes or their combinations using sorption materials, in which the washing is carried out in the presence of polymer sorbent particles based on a combination of polyester and polyamide in any mutual ratio, the specific surface area of which is greater than 5 m2. g_1 and the size is less than 0.5 mm.

Description

The invention relates to the washing of textile materials after printing and dyeing by a combination of types of anionic and disperse dyes using combined polymeric sorption materials based on polyester and polyamide in the form of powders or aqueous suspensions thereof. The polymeric sorbents can be used either in the form of powders or aqueous suspensions thereof. In this way, removal of excess dye released from the washing system is provided. By choosing a suitable ratio of the above-mentioned types of polymers in the sorbent composition, which is governed by the type of combination of organic dyes, the dye sorption advantage prevents the dye from settling back into the actual textile formation. The result is a whiteness of the prints and an increase in the stability of the dyeings and prints. In addition, the proposed washing process makes it possible to obtain process water of the initial purity and temperature of the washing, which can advantageously be recirculated. This positively influences, for example, the total consumption of washing water, but 1 the resulting energy balance of operation resulting from the possibility of reuse of water at the washing temperature. The dye retained on the sorbent used can be removed by subsequent regeneration of the sorbent with organic solvents.

Existing technological washing processes after printing and dyeing, especially in the case of reactive dyes and their combinations with dye dispersions when applied to mixed materials (eg PES / ba, PES / VS, etc.) complicate the overall technological and economic effect by strong embedding in white and less covered by reducing the resulting stability of prints and coloring. Usually, the use of these combinations is completely excluded for whitish prints for the above reasons. If their application is necessary, the consumption of washing water, which is discharged into waste water in classic processes after heavy pollution, increases enormously. At the same time, the energy intensity associated with the heating of water to wash temperatures is high. This complex complex of technological problems and their direct consequences cannot be solved by any of the previously considered washing procedures.

The procedure described in the description of the invention to U.S. Pat. While the author's certificate No. 193 247 partially improves the cited technological criteria, it does not address the issue of water and energy consumption. From the ecological point of view, waste water is burdened by the presence of polyphosphate.

The main aim of the proposed washing process, which uses sorption polymer powders from polyester-polyamide blends, is to improve the technological results of washing, especially whiteness and stability while achieving brilliant shades. These requirements are also met when using reactive dyes and combinations thereof with dye dispersions when printing cellulosic materials and their combinations with polyester.

At the same time, however, the washing process of the present invention makes it possible to achieve savings in high volumes of water consumption in the washing process by recovering wash water of original purity which can be reused after removal of the sorbent material bound with dye from the wash liquor. Since its temperature is practically the same as the wash temperature, it is possible to count on significant energy savings in the form of heat during its recirculation. The sorption washing process positively affects also the ecological area in terms of waste water purity.

The preparation of the mixed polymeric sorbents of the type considered can be carried out in two ways. Either individual sorption powders produced in the case of polyester can be mixed by the process described in the description of the invention to U.S. Pat. No. 171 923 and polyamide sorption material produced by caprolactam melt precipitation according to GDR Pat. No. 8,027. Another possibility to achieve a complex sorption effect is to use a sorbent formed directly by co-precipitation of polyester and polyamide according to U.S. Pat. Both processes allow the preparation of mixed sorbents in any ratio of the individual polymer components.

Their suitable combination can thus positively control the specific sorption needs of the dye to be removed when washing mixed dyes and prints. Advantageously, wastes resulting from spinning of polyamide and polyester can be used.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is characterized in that the dye not fixed on the textile substrate, which is removed by the washing process, is preferably adsorbed onto the surface of the sorbent prepared by the above process, while chemisorption to the polymeric sorbent takes place. As a result, the released dye is continuously removed from the washing system by sorption continually in a washing process, competing with undesired dye re-sorption (redeposition) to the textile substrate. The advantage of sorption is the order of magnitude higher velocity and diffusion in the case of unoriented polymer powders of high porosity and large surface area than in the case of the actual textile substrate represented by an oriented, integral polymer with a surface area relatively smaller. Said mechanism shows that a sorption powder prepared from the same polymer as the washed textile substrate can be advantageously used. By appropriate combination of individual polymer components it is possible to regulate the required affinity of the sorbent for the removed types of organic dyes, especially mixtures thereof. In the case of removal of dyes of anionic character, it is possible to promote their removal from the washing system by precipitation by adding a suitable cationic agent to the washing bath. In this way, the sorption mechanisms in question are subjected in particular to the prevalence of the polyester fraction in the combined sorbent. With a higher proportion of polyamide, the intensity of competitive sorption in the washing process can be promoted by switching to the acidic pH range of 2 to 6.

Example 1

PES / ba blended fabric [65/35] printed with various combinations of dispersive and reactive dyes, eg 40 g Cl Disperse Red 121, 20 g Cl Reactive Red 24 per 1 kg printing paste, semi-emulsion damping of conventional composition, was either HT steamed for fixation 180 ° C / 6 minutes or thermofix 200 ° C / l minute subjected to a washing process using a 1: 1 PES / PAD combined sorbent prepared by simply mixing equal parts by weight of polyester and polyamide sorbent powder. The washing process was carried out as follows:

1. prewash 3 minutes, running water

2. sorption washing, bath 1: 60, temperature 85 ° C, 5 minutes bath composition:

combined sorbent powder

PES / PAD 1: 1 10 g / i cationic preparation based on dicyandiamidoformaldehyde condensate mixed with sodium acetate and ammonium chloride 1 g / l

3. sorption washing, bath 1: 60, temperature 85 ° C, 10 minutes bath composition:

combined sorbent powder

PES / PAD (1: 1) 10 g / l cationic preparation 1 g / l

4. hot water flowing for 1 minute cold water flowing for 1 minute

In all cases, whitish prints with increased stability were achieved. The wash liquor used, after removal of the bound dye sorbent from Operations 2 and 3, was obtained at an initial purity at the wash temperature as well as the water from Operator # 4.

Example 2

A combined sorbent resulting from co-precipitation of polyamide and polyester spinning waste in a PES / PAD ratio of 2: 1 was used to press the same textile substrate by pressing, see Example 1.

By the washing procedure identical to that of Example 1, the same results were obtained both in technological aspects and in the resulting effect of possible water and thermal energy savings.

Example 3

For the washing of the PES / ba textile substrate with printing using a combination of dispersive and reactive dye (e.g., see Example 1j), a mixed sorption powder prepared by mixing the PES / PAD ratio in a ratio of 1: 2 was used. Acetic acid according to the following scheme:

1. cold rinse, running water for 3 minutes

2. sorption washing, bath 1: 60, ° C, 5 minutes bath composition:

combined sorbent powder

PES / PAD 1: 2 10 g / l acetic acid 1.5 ml / l

3. sorption washing under the same conditions as stage 2.

4. rinse hot water flow for 1 minute cold water flow for 1 minute

Achieved results: whitish print with increased stability especially in water and laundry, after removal of sorbent from baths of stages 2 and 3 obtained hot water of initial purity.

Example 4

The mixed sorbent types of Examples 1 to 3 were used for the wash test with VS / PES (85/15) printed with a combination of reactive and disperse dyes:

g Cl Reactive Blue 5, 13.5 g Cl Disperse

Blue 56,

2.5 g Reactive Red 24, 2 g Cl Disperse Red

121/1 kg printing paste, semi-emulsion thickened, fixed:

a) HT by steaming 180 ° C / 5 minutes

b] thermofixation 200 ° C / 1 minute

Under the conditions set forth in Examples 1 to 3, similar results were also obtained on this blend material, i.e. both stable whitish prints as well as the effects associated with obtaining clean process water at a wash temperature capable of being recirculated.

Example 5

In addition to the combined polymeric sorbents of Examples 1 to 3, wherein the feedstock for preparing the PES fraction was polyethylene terephthalate-based fibrous waste and the PAD fraction consisted of polyamide type 6 (polycaprolactam), other types of polyester and polyamide derivatives such as polybutylene terephthalate copoly- (ethylene terephthalate / / sulfoisophthalate) (98: 2) and polyamide type 66 (poly-hexamethylenediammonium adipate) in any proportions to each other. ) were similar to those of the previous examples.

Example 6

Instead of combinations of the polymeric sorbents of Examples 1 and 5 in dried powder form, aqueous suspensions of these polymeric sorbent materials were obtained, which were obtained by omitting the drying phase in the sorbent preparation. Under the application conditions of Example 1, the same technological, energy and water management effects were achieved.

Claims (3)

I> R E D ME D A method of washing textile materials after printing and dyeing with dyes by anionic, dispersive or combinations thereof using sorption materials, characterized in that the washing is carried out in the presence of polymeric sorbent particles based on a combination of polyester and polyamide in arbitrary proportions relative to their specific surface area than 5 m ² . , g ~ l and a size of less than 0.5 mm. OF THE INVENTION 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the washing is carried out in the presence of a cationic preparation in the case of a predominance of the polyester proportion of the sorbent or in an environment having a pH of 2 to Θ when the polyamide sorption component predominates. 3. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the washing water is used in a closed cycle. Severografia, Most plant printed Price: 2,40 Kčs