CS215929B1 - Process for the production of complex additives intended for the production of all-season engine oils by one-step mixing with base oil \ t - Google Patents

Abstract

The method of producing complex additives for all-season motor oils consists in mixing a base oil of the prescribed quality and viscosity index modifiers, pour point depressants, detergent-dispersant additives, ashless dispersants and antioxidants in the prescribed order, in the prescribed weight ratios and under defined temperature conditions. The complex additives prepared by the method according to the invention will provide, by one-stage mixing with the base oil, quality all-season motor oils.

Description

(54) Method for the production of complex additives for the production of all-season motor oils by single-stage blending with petroleum base oil

The process for the production of complex additives for all-season motor oils consists in mixing the prescribed grade of base oil and viscosity index modifiers, freezing point depressants, detergent dispersants, ashless dispersants and antioxidants in the prescribed order, in prescribed weight ratios and under defined temperature conditions. The complex additives prepared by the process of the invention will provide high-grade, all-season engine oils in a single-stage blend with a base oil.

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The invention relates to a one-step process for the production of complex additives for off-season motor oils.

Quality motor oils are produced by blending base oils with various additives to improve some of their quality and performance parameters and extend their service life. In the manufacture of the various types of motor oils, antioxidants, detergent dispersants, viscosity and viscosity index modifiers and freezing point reducers or other additives are admixed to the petroleum base oil of suitable properties in exact proportions. The antioxidants used are metal salts of dialkyldithiophosphates, alkylaryldithiophosphates and diaryldithiophosphates, or mixtures thereof with ash-free antioxidants. Calcium, calcium-barium, barium or magnesium salts of petroleum or synthetic alkylarylsulfonates with TBN up to about 400 mg KOH / g, calcium salts of alkyl salicylates with TBN up to about 170 mg KOH / g, calcium salts of alkyl phenolates with TBN up to about 300 mg KOH / g, barium and calcium salts of alkenylphosphophonates with TBN up to about 100 mg KOH / g and ashless dispersants of the succinimide type, Mannich reaction products and others. The viscosity and viscosity index modifiers used are mixtures of polyisobutylene having a molecular weight of 30,000 to 60,000 atactic polypropylene with a mol. v · 30 000 - 160 000 with styrene - isoprene copolymer with molecular weight 7u ΟΠΟ up to 120 000, or with styrene - butadiene copolymer with molecular weight 70 000 to 120 000, polymethacrylates with mol. 100,000 to 500,000, ethylene-propylene copolymers with mol. weighing around 80,000 and others. Polymethacrylates, polyacrylates or polyvinyl acetates are most commonly used as pour point depressants.

It is clear from the above description that high-quality motor oils are formed from base petroleum oil by admixing a number of different additives which improve the quality parameters of the blending product. Since engine oil production processes in which individual additives are added to the basic petroleum oil are laborious, energy intensive for mixing and heating, storage and handling and material consuming, so-called mixed additives have been developed. They represent a mixture of chemically and functionally different additives. Motor oil production methods using blended additives are greatly simplified. Such manufacturing processes reduce the number of ingredients that need to be added to the base petroleum oil, thereby reducing storage space, material handling and quality control requirements. Recent experience with the use of mixed additives has shown that these processes are economically advantageous.

A drawback of all known production methods is that they cannot produce complex blend additives from which the off-season motor oils can be prepared by a single-stage blending with a base oil.

Complex additives for the production of all-season motor oils by a one-stage blending process can be prepared by the process of the invention.

The process for the production of complex additives for the production of all-season motor oils by a single-stage mixing with a base oil is based on the fact that up to 10 to 45 wt. parts of a base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C of between 5 and 10

1 n mm .s and the viscosity index value is at least 80, s at temperatures in the range from 120 C

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150 [deg.] C. introduces at least one of the polyisobutylene-based viscosity index modifiers with a molecular weight of from 30,000 to 60,000 in an amount of 5 to 10 wt. %, or based on a styrene-isoprene copolymer having a molecular weight of from 80,000 to 120,000; and based on a styrene-butadiene copolymer with a molecular weight of 80,000 to 120,000 in an amount of 2 to 30 wt. parts, or based on atactic polypropylene having a molecular weight of 30,000 to 160,000 in an amount of 4 to 60 wt. After complete dissolution of the components, the mixture is cooled to 90 DEG-100 DEG C. and polymers having the properties of viscosity index improvers and freezing point depressants based on polymethacrylates, polyacrylates or polyvinyl acetate in an amount of 2 to 30 wt. After homogenization, the mixture is cooled to 70-90 ° C and at least one of the detergent dispersants based on calcium, barium or magnesium salts of alkylarylsulfonates or alkylsalycylates in an amount up to 60 wt. parts, or based on calcium alkylphenolate in an amount of up to 50 wt. barium Si barium alkenyl thiophosphonate based on up to 20 wt. The mixture is cooled to a temperature of 50 to 70 ° C, at which 3 to 30% by weight of the ash-free dispersant is present in an amount of from 5 to 40% by weight. parts of antioxidants based on metal dialkyldithiophosphate or metal alkylarylthiophosphate or metal diaryl phosphate.

An advantage of the process according to the invention is that the individual additives differing in chemical composition and functional effect are introduced into the stirred mixture during cooling of the preheated base oil. Thus, the process according to the invention is much less energy-intensive in the mixing process. In addition, the considerable simplification of the mixed additive preparation process brings additional energy savings to drive agitators, pumps, transport equipment, and the like.

A further advantage of the process according to the invention is that in the industrial complex, refining mills of additives, there are much less demands on storage space, material handling and quality management, which in turn results in reduced labor and labor savings.

The production method can be illustrated by the following examples.

Example 1

Up to 43 wt. parts of a vigorously stirred base oil having a kinematic viscosity of 8.5 mm < -1 > at 100 [deg.] C, a viscosity index of 96, a freezing point of -12 [deg.] and a flash point of 225 [deg.] parts by weight of polyisobutylene; 40,000 and 3.5 wt. After dissolution of the added components, the mixture was cooled to 100 ° C and 4.5 wt. % of polymethacrylate (50% concentrate). During the homogenization, the mixture spontaneously cooled to 85 ° C. 14 wt. parts by weight of calcium alkylphenolate (50% concentrate) and 8 wt. parts of bisuccinimide (55% concentrate). Dissolution was performed with vigorous stirring and spontaneous cooling. The mixture was homogeneous at 60 ° C. At this temperature, 11 wt. parts of zinc salt of dialkyldiophosphate (concentrate 85%). The complex additive thus prepared was mixed in an amount of 12% by weight

215 929 with base oil. The quality of the oil obtained corresponded to the requirements for the all-season SAE 20 W 30 speoifikaoe API CB oil. It had a kinematic viscosity of 12.5 mm ² s · s at 100 ° C at a dynamic temperature of -18 ° C, a dynamic viscosity of 4.7 Pa s, a viscosity index of 116, a pour point of -32 ° C and a flash point of 226 ° C. Complied with the Petter and Petter AV 1 Engine Test limits prescribed for DBF 2101 D (API CB). In shear stability testing according to DIN 51 382, the viscosity dropped by 4.5% after 30 cycles.

Example2

To 42 parts by weight * vigorously stirred petroleum base oil to 100 ° C kinematic viscosity of 6.9 mm ² .s ^-1, a viscosity index of 104, a freezing temperature of -12 ° C and a flash point of 214 ° C, was added at 135 ° C 11 wt. parts of polyisobutylene having a molecular weight of 40,000 and 8 wt. parts of styrene - isoprene copolymer by moles. After dissolution of these components, the mixture was cooled to 95 ° C and 4 wt. parts of polymethacrylate (concentrate 50% by weight) · The temperature of the mixture was lowered to 70 ° C and at this temperature 2 parts by weight were gradually dissolved. 8 parts by weight of neutral calcium petrosulfonate (concentrate 30% by weight); parts by weight of a calcium-based synthetic alkylarylsulfonate (concentrate ≥ 0¾ wt.), 6 wt. parts by weight of calcium alkylphenolate (50% by weight of the concentrate); parts of bissukoinimide (concentrate 55% by weight). The mixture was cooled to 55 ° C and 9 wt. parts of zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate salt (concentrate 85% by weight ·) ·

The complex additive thus prepared was in an amount of 18% by weight. The oil obtained corresponded to the all-season SAE 15 V 40 speoifikaoe AFI CC oil. The oil had a kinematic viscosity of 14.2 mm ² · s- ¹ at 100 ° C, a dynamic viscosity of 4.7 Pa s at -18 ° C, a viscosity index of 142, a freezing point of -31 ° C and a flash point of 216 ° C. . The Petter and Petter AV ^ engine tests complied with the limits prescribed for MIL - L - 2104 B (API 00). In the shear stability test according to DIN 5-1382, the viscosity decreased by 3.2% after 30 cycles.

Example 3

Up to 42 wt. parts of a vigorously blended base oil having a kinematic viscosity of 6.9 mm ² · s ^-1 at 100 ° C, a viscosity index of 104, a pour point of -12 ° C and a flash point of 214 ° C were added at 140 ° C 8 wt. parts of polyisobutylene with mol. 40,000 and 6 wt. parts of styrene-isoprene copolymer with mol. After dissolution of these components, the mixture was cooled to 90 ° C. At this temperature, 2 wt. parts of polymethacrylate (concentrate 50% by weight). The heat dissolution rate of the mixture dropped to 80 ° C. At this temperature, 11 wt. parts by weight of calcium salt of alkyl alkyl saloylate (50 wt% concentrate) 14 wt. parts of the calcium salt of a synthetic base-alkylarylsulfonate (conoentrate 30% by weight) and 11 parts of bissuccinimide (concentrate 55% by weight). The mixture was zoelae homogeneous at 55 ° C. At this temperature, 3 wt. parts by weight of zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate and 3 wt. further zinc salts of alkylaryldithiophosphate. The complex additive thus prepared was in

215 929 amount 12% wt. mixed with base oil. The oil obtained conforms to the all-season SAS 15 W 40 AFI CD specification. The oil had a kinematic viscosity of 14.4 mm ^{2 /} s at 100 ° C, a dynamic viscosity of 4.8 Pa s at -18 ° C, a viscosity index of 144, a freezing point of -30 ° C and a flash point of 217 ° C.

Example 4

To 40 parts by weight of a vigorously stirred base oil having a kinematic viscosity of 6.4 mm ² .s ¹ at 100 ° C, a viscosity index of 95, a pour point of -10 ° C and a flash point of 209 ° C was added at 145 ° C 5 wt. parts of a copolymer of styrene with butadiene of mol. After dissolution of this component, the mixture was cooled to 100 ° C and 25 wt. parts of polyaczylate with mol. After cooling the mixture to 90 ° C, 10 wt. parts by weight of the calcium salt of a basic synthetic alkylarylsulfonate with a TBN of 300 mg KOH / g, 3 wt. parts of a weakly basic calcium calcium alkylarylsulfonate β TBN 8 mg KOH / g, 6 wt. parts by weight of barium alkenyl thiophosphonate with TBN 70 mg KOH / g, 6 wt. parts of calcium alkylphenolate with TBN 130 mg KOH / g 4 wt. parts of monosuccinimide. After dissolution of the components, the mixture was cooled to 65 ° C. At this temperature, 6 wt. parts of zinc salt of dialkyldithiophosphate. The complex additive thus obtained was admixed with a base oil of 10%. The oil obtained conforms to the SAB 20 V 30 multi-season engine oil, API CB specification, with its quality characteristics.

Example 5

Up to 43 wt. parts of the intensely mixed basic oil that he had at 100 ° C

P 1 Λ kinematic viscosity 8.5 wm · s, viscosity index 96, pour point -12 ° C and flash point 225 ° C were added at 140 ° C 7 wt. parts of atactic polypropylene of mol. 70,000 and 3.5 wt. parts of styrene - isoprene copolymer by moles. After dissolution of the added components, the mixture was cooled to 100 ° C and 4.5 wt. % of polymethacrylate (50% by weight of concentrate). The mixture was cooled to 80 ° C. 14 wt. parts of calcium alkylphenolate (50 wt.% concentrate) and 8 wt. parts of bisuccinimide (55 wt% concentrate). Homogenization was carried out with spontaneous cooling. After cooling to 60 ° C, 11 wt. % of zinc salt of dialkyldithiophosphate (concentrate 85% by weight). The complex additive thus prepared was in an amount of 12% by weight. mixed with base oil. The oil obtained complied with the quality parameters for the all-season SAE 20 W 30 API CB specification.

Claims (2)

SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION Process for the production of complex additives for the production of all-season motor oils by a single-stage blending with a base oil, characterized in that up to 10 to 45 wt. parts of a base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C of between 5 and 10 215 929 2 1 nm »s and a viscosity index value of at least 80, at least one of the polyisobutylene-based viscosity index modifiers β with a molecular weight of 30 000 to 60 000 in an amount of 5 up to 50 wt. %, or based on styrene-isoprene copolymers with a molecular weight of from 80,000 to 120,000, and based on styrene-butadiene copolymers with a molecular weight of from 80,000 to 120,000 in an amount of 2 to 30 wt. parts, or based on atactic polypropylene having a molecular weight of 30,000 to 160,000 in an amount of 4 to 60 wt. After complete dissolution of the components, the mixture is cooled to 90 DEG-100 DEG C. and polymers having the properties of viscosity index improvers and freezing point depressants based on polymethacrylates, polyacrylates or polyvinyl acetates in an amount of 2 to 30 wt. After homogenization, the mixture is cooled to 70-90 ° C and at least one of the calcium barium and magnesium salts of alkylarylsulfonates or alkyl salicylates is dissolved in the stirred mixture in an amount of up to 60 wt. parts, or based on calcium alkylphenolate in an amount of up to 50 wt. parts, or based on calcium or barium alkenylthiophosphonate in an amount of up to 20 wt. parts, or the type of ashless dispersants in an amount of from 5 to 40 wt. After dissolution of these components, the mixture is cooled to a temperature of 50 to 70 [deg.] C., at which 3 and 2 are dissolved with stirring. 30 wt. parts of antioxidants based on metal dialkyldithiophosphates or metal alkylarylthiophosphate or metal diaryl phosphate.