CS215903B1 - Medium for refrigerated refrigerated units - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention falls into the field of petroleum production as well as into the field of mechanical engineering consumer industry. It relates to a medium for closed refrigeration units composed of 98 to 99.9 /1 wt. low-solidifying mineral oil refined with sulfuric acid with a solidification point below - 40 ° C and with a flash point in an open cup higher than 150 ° C, 0.02 to 1.0 wt. % of an additive improving lubricating properties - polymethacrylate, 0.01 to 1.8 wt. % of at least one glycidyl ether with one or more epoxy functional groups in the molecule with a number of carbon atoms of 9 to 21 and 0.001 to 0.1 % of a silicone oil.

Description

1

The invention relates to a medium for enclosing refrigeration units. Current technology makes a distinction between podium media of application properties, such as oil-based oils, heat-transfer media, gear oils, low-fat oils, and the like. The increasing demands on the functional properties of the various types of oils cannot be satisfied by the fractional oil treated by the high refining process. Specific requirements in the field of application are manifested in the choice of raw material; but most in modification! the fractions of activity to cover the desired functional range of the medium. Particularly high demands on the media's weight for lifetime closed systems when these cannot be modified during use. Difficulty in the properties of the next stage, if the medium comes into contact with several kinds of construction materials and tones with metallic but also with synthetic materials and chemicals. The aforementioned requirements are highly media-intensive because, in addition, refrigerant aggregates require solidification at the temperature attained when the compressed gas is expanded during use, thereby avoiding blockage of the expansion vessel and disabling the system. Also, the medium must not be a source of moisture, its heat- and lubrication effects must not change significantly for at least 10 to 15 years and its corrosion properties must not be increased. In view of the foregoing, it should be noted that the choice of additives is very demanding and individual excipients cannot be added to the medium solely on the basis of mechanical transfer from other types of media. Current media for closed chlorinated aggregates, at an affordable price, do not switch the requirements outlined above and require additional cost-intensive substances.

The drawbacks of this species are eliminated in the invention describing the medium for the closure of the cooling aggregates, the principle being that it is 98 to 99.9% by weight. a low-boiling mineral oil, refined with sulfuric acid, with a freezing point below -40 ° C and a flash point of more than 150 ° C in an open crucible, further from 0.02 to 1.0 wt. % polymorphate with an alcoholic residue up to CgO, 0.01 to 1.8 wt. glycidyethene, a mixture of glycidyl ethers with one or two epoxide functional groups in a carbon atom molecule in the 9 to 21 molar molecule. of silicone oil.

The main component of the medium is a low-fat mineral oil, preferably a non-minor distillate deeply refined with sulfuric acid with a freezing point below -40 ° C, which is the minimum edge of the use of medium for residual purposes; At the same time, the open point of the open crucible must be adjusted to above 150 ° C. Since the medium also fulfills the function of the lubricant in the refrigeration unit, its properties are improved by the lubricant-improving additive most commonly based on polymethacrylates with the alcoholic custom azOgQ. chlorofluorocarbon. Due to the elevated temperature, the presence of metallic construction materials and other materials, it releases a small amount of hydrogen halides - hydrogen chloride or hydrogen fluoride - which are undesirable in the system. Incorporating mineral oil oil and coagulation, these undesirable transformations are accelerated by locally overheating in exposed aggregate growths. Heterogeneous hydrogen fluoride is due to its greater acidity. In the case of hydrogen halide reaction with the aggregate materials not associated with honey and aluminum, the corresponding halides are formed, known for their catalytic activity and cause further undesired conversion of the medium. The added epoxide compounds are intended to bind the resulting hydrogen halides to harmless and still halohydrins. for example dianbisglydidylether; representing simultaneously epoxy compounds with one and two epoxide groups per molecule, in an amount of 0.01 to 1.8% by weight. They are also capable of reacting with traces of water, optionally present in the medium, coated with alkanols or carboxylic acids to oxidize mineral oil hydrocarbons into harmless addition compounds. Epoxy compounds in this case, glycidyl ethers most improve the viscosity properties of the medium - increase the viscosity index of the medium. Optionally, the methyl silicone oil is added in an amount of 0.001 to 0.1% by weight. in order to reduce the leanability of the medium under operating conditions.

In addition to the mentioned properties and advantages of the media, the medium of the present invention exhibits even increased photostability, acts as a radical scavenger, inhibits radical polymerization, chalates soluble ions, has a higher viscosity index, has long life and thermo-stability. If the mechanical part of the unit is damaged, it can be used after regeneration. It exhibits minimal transport of metals or their ions, thereby reducing the bedding of the valve seats, inhibiting the formation of oil crops, and does not form deposits and deposits. Example 1 Refrigerant aggregate medium composition: 99.7 wt. non-paraffinic raffinate treated with acid refining, neutralizing and contacting with bleaching clay having a physical constant: specific gravity at 2 flash point freezing point 20

0.8988 g.cm - 115 ° C- 43 ° C 1.4938 270 9.63 mm 2 / s 2.91 mm 2 / s 0.48 mgKOIi / g 0.27 mgKOH / g 0.138% w / w molecular weight, viscosity 50 ° Cviskczita 100 ° C = acid number saponification sulfur content 0,19 wt. % polymethacrylate 0.1 wt. % phenylglycidyl ether 0.009 wt. silicone oil, was prepared by mixing its ingredients. The medium for refrigerated aggregates had little of the following physicochemical properties: color. žitá vzhiad

specific gravity at 20 ° C viscosity 20 ° C ciry0,892 g.cm'35,4 mm2 / s -3 3 viscosity 50 ° Viscosity 100 ° Viscosity index solidification point and sulfur content insoluble paraffins in R 12 acidity point scale number asphaltenes flash point open cupPhilip test 100 ° Cobsah phenylglycidyl etherThis medium for refrigerant aggregate K4N produced by Calex, Zlaté Moravce in

In article CSN 14 0617 article 355 with withdrawn conditions 10.5 mm2 / s 3.30 mm ^ / s60

52 ° C 0.17 wt. 0.04 wt. 0.017 mgKOH / g

- 31 cC 0.11 mgKOH / g 0.0% wt. 150 ° C complies with 0.1 wt. / was used as a filling of hermetic compression-14 pieces, to the durability test; for at least 2000 hours. The results are shown in Table 1.Tabuical Number I Phase II Phase Total Compressor Operation Temperature Run Time Temperature Run Time / ° c / / Point / ° ° C / / Point / Point / 1 110 2000 130 316 2316 2 110 2000 123 260 2260 3 110 2000 125 260 22.60 4 110 2000 141 451 2451 5 110 2000 147 766 2766 6 110 2000 135 1150 3150 7 110 2000 145 1100 3100 8 110 2000 130 1150 3150 9 110 2000 132 1150 3150 10 110 2000 127 1150 3150 11 110 2000 133 1150 3150 12 110 2000 140 1342 3342 13 110 2000 140 2014 4014 14 11c 2000 140 2014 4014 All oil fillings were capable of further operation. Compressors 12 and 14 have been analyzed and the results are shown in Table 2, 4

Table 2

Feature Compressor No. 12 Compressor No. 14 Look Clear Clear Liquid Yellow Brown Density 20 ° C 880 908.9 Viscosity, 20 ° C, mm2 / s 28.6 22 Viscosity, 50 ° C, mm2 / e 9.1 8 , 4 Viscosity 100 ° C, mm / s 3.7 3.12 Flash point, ° C 156 158 Pour point, ° C - 55 - 58 acid number, mg KOH / g 0.30 0.018 soaping number, mg KOH / g 0.225 0.218 Water Neutral Neutral Aniline Point 70.5 79.9 Ash% wt. 0.003 0.002 Example 2

As in Example 1 and the difference that three K4N compressors were tested; the results shown in Table 3; According to ON 14 06 17. At the end of the tests, the compressors have been dismantled and visually removed; carbon fiber and compressing parts of compressors.

Table 3

Conditions and Properties Compressor No. 15 Compressor No. l6 Compressor No. 17 Running Time at 110 ° C / Point / 3000 3000 3000 Running Time at 140 ° C / Point / 2014 2014 1342 Running Time Total / Point / 5014 5014 4342 Humidity in dryers / g / 0.5 1.032 1.611 Water content by GLC /% w / w 0.017 0.2 Inerts by GLC /% w / w 0.30 0.36 Acid number / mg KOH / g / 0.020 0.018 0.030 number soaping / mg KOH / g / 0.314 0.218 0.225 Aniline Point / ° C / 80.3 79.9 80.5

Dichlorodifluoromethane was used.

The overall conclusion from the evaluation of dismantled compressors? Compressors no. 15, 16 and 17 are free from carbon traces, with unnecessary coatings of unnecessary coating. Oils after testing are not impaired and are capable of further operation. Example 3

99.7 wt. non-paraffinic raffinate as in Example 1; 0.2% pot. polymethacrylate and 0.1 wt.% phenylglycidyl ether; viscosity index 67; the pre-addition of phenylglycidyl ether was a viscosity index of 55. By adding the same amount of dianbis-glycidyl ether, the viscosity index was changed from 55 to 69.

Claims (2)

EXAMPLE 4 99.8 wt. non-paraffinic raffinate as in Example 1; 0.2 wt. The polymethacrylate was placed in a lean bottle, in a laboratory outside the direct sunrays for 1500 hours. Its coloration and change from the flood was 25 mg Jg to 35 mg J, the liquid composition 99.7 wt. non-paraffinic raffinate as in Example 1; 0.2 wt. % polymethacrylate and 0.1 wt. phenylglycidyl ether was similar. Staining was changed from 25 mg Jg to 26 mg Jg, The medium can be used as a charge for refrigeration units. BEFORE THE T V / IIA L E Z U 1, a medium for enclosing refrigeration units, characterized in that it comprises 93 to 99.9 wt. % of sulfuric acid refined mineral oil with a solidification point below -40 ° C and with a flash point in the open crucible of 150 ° C, 0.02 to 1.0% by weight. polymethacrylate with an alcoholic moiety of up to OgQ, 0.01 to 1.8% by weight of the aepone of one glycidyl ether of one or two epoxidizing moieties in a molecule having a number of carbon atoms of 9 to 21. 2. Refrigerated media medium according to claim 1, characterized in that it optionally comprises 0.001 to 0.1 wt. methylsilicene oil.