CS215802B1 - Vane invertor for unidirectional reverse turbines - Google Patents

Abstract

A unidirectionally rotatable hydraulic machine having stationary blades 2 mounted in a spiral casing and pivotal guide blades 3 includes further pivotal blades 4,5 movable between a position, shown, in which the machine is operable as a turbine and a position in which they form a smooth continuation of blades 2,3 for operation as a pump. <IMAGE>

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a turbine inverter for a one-way reversible turbine intended to achieve a desired change in flow direction and provided with inverter blades having a hydraulic profile, particularly for a hydraulic machine that can operate either as a turbine or as a pump.

Hydraulic machines are known which, even with the same direction of rotation, can work either as a pump or as a turbine. Therefore, they have two impellers, one for pump operation and one for turbine operation, one of which is put into operation and the other is removed from it. In one of these operations, it is necessary to reverse the sense of water swirling to the opposite of the spiral casing of the machine. In the prior art solutions, the reversal of the sense of water swirling is accomplished by means of the swivel guide vanes, but in order to achieve good efficiency, axially displaceable auxiliary vanes, which in their entirety are called an inverter, must be included between them and the spiral reinforcing vanes.

However, an inverter with axially movable blades has considerable disadvantages. On the one hand, the basic circle of the spiral must be higher, so that the blades can be placed in it even with the necessary axial movement, which increases the weight and hence the cost of the machine, on the other hand, the blades must be guided on guides which must be exactly parallel to each other which increases production costs.

The above mentioned drawbacks are eliminated by a turbine inverter for a one-way reversible turbine designed to achieve the desired change in flow direction and equipped with inverter blades with a hydraulic profile, which consists in that the inverter blades arranged opposite each other in pairs to two positions by servomotors, on one side fixed spiral reinforcing vanes are assigned to the inverter blades and on the other side the swivel guide vanes connected by control levers to the control regulating ring.

The basic advantage of the solution according to the invention is that it solves in a simple way the problem of changing the vane channel similarly to the technologically mastered problem of turning the turbine blades.

1 shows an axial section through an inverter and a spiral with reinforcing and fixed blades, FIG. 2 shows a section along line A-A in FIG. 1, and FIG. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Fig. 1, wherein both the guide vanes and the inverter vanes are in a turbine operating position to change the direction of water swirling.

The vane inverter is connected to the reverse turbine spiral 1 via stiffening vanes 2. It consists of inverter vanes 4, 5 rotatable around pins 6, 7 and around lower pins 6, 7. The inverter vanes 4, 5 can occupy only two positions. Attached to the upper pins 6, 7 are inverter levers 11, 12, with a servomotor 13 interposed therebetween. Behind the inverter blades 4, 5 there are swivel guide vanes 3, on whose upper pins the control levers 9, 10 are mounted, the first operating lever 9 is connected to the control ring 8.

If the machine is to be used as a pump, the inverter blades 4, 5 are brought to the position indicated in FIG. 2 so as to abut one another. Thereby, it creates a hydraulic continuation of the reinforcing vanes 2, which are fixed and connected to the spiral 1 of the reverse turbine. In front of the abutting inverter blades 4, 5, the swivel guide vanes 3 are set to the pumping position, thereby creating diffuser channels through which water flows in the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 2:

If the machine is to be used as a turbine, the inverter blades 4, 5 are rotated to a second position, forming with the stiffening blades 2 and the through-flow guide blades 3 curved channels, reversing the sense of circling the water around the machine axis. In this second position, the first inverter blade 4 is supported on the reinforcing blade 2 of the adjacent group and the second inverter blade 5 contacts the adjacent first inverter blade 4. The swinging guide vanes 3 are then hydraulically connected to the turbine position by means of the control levers 9, 10, wherein the first actuating lever 9 is connected to the actuating control ring 8. The fact that the inverter blades 4, 5 can rest on adjacent blades in this position is advantageous since both the upper pins 6, 7 and the lower pins 6 'are advantageous. 7 ', are not subject to torsion during operation. The channel formed is hydraulically continuous and suitable for turbine operation.

Claims (1)

SUBJECT A vane inverter for a one-way reversible turbine, designed to achieve the desired change in flow direction, and equipped with inverter blades with a hydraulic profile, characterized in that the inverter blades [4, 5] arranged opposite each other in pairs supported rotatably by upper pins (6, 7) and bottom pins BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION (6 ', 7') and adjustable in two positions by servo motors (13), on one side being assigned to the inverter blades (4, 5) fixed reinforcing vanes (2) of the spiral (1) and the other side ) connected to the control levers (9, 10) to the control control ring (8).