CS213552B1 - Electroisolating oils - Google Patents

Description

The invention ea relates to electrical insulating oils used in electrical engineering, such as e.g. transformer, cable and capacitor oils.

The prior art electrical insulating oils can be divided into three groups of electrical insulating oils of mineral origin, synthetic electrical insulating oils, and electrical insulating oils, which mix extra and ethylene oils. Requirements for the properties of electrical insulating oils depend on their particular application, e.g. such as transformer oils, capacitor oils, cable oils, oils for electrical switches and the like. In particular, and for these oils, specific values of some of the electrical insulation properties (electrical strength, loss factor, electrical resistance, etc.), oxidation stability (oxidation front), gas properties, density, viscosity, pour point, flash point * and acidity are required. , and the low efficiency and production.

Electrical insulating oils and prepared with raffinola, suitable mineral oil for a given application. Substances with a variety of chemical structures have been proposed as eynthetic electrical insulating oils, e.g. polypropylene oils, halogenated hydrocarbons, silicone oils and the like. The disadvantages of mineral electrical insulating oils are their flammability, limited service life and disadvantageous gas properties. Suitable selected eynthetic oils have the above-mentioned disadvantages of mineral oils, but the comparatively low cost of mineral oils is much more expensive, which hinders even the most widespread use, Some properties of mineral electrical insulating oils

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This can be improved by the addition of synthetic oils, but this is not always advantageous with respect to the oil.

The electrolytic oils according to the invention consist of the remainder of the alkylation product or a mixture of the residue with 0.5 to 99.5% by weight of dry mineral oil. The alkylation product is obtained by alkylation of benzene with individually chlorinated n-alkali or a slight mixture at The number of carbons per molecule of chlorinated n-alkanes can be 8-25. Unreacted proportions of benzene and chlorinated n-alkanes can be separated from the alkylation product. In the next step e, by fractionation, the fractions containing monoalkylbenzenes are separated. The remainder of the rectification can be refined with 0.5 and 10% by weight of white clay. The mineral oil suitable for the preparation of electrical insulating oils should have a density at 20 ° 0 above 0,84 g / em ^ and a flash point above 110 ^σ 0.

Both the electrolytic properties of the alkylation product and the customary properties of the electrolytic oils are good, and the requirements for electrical insulating oils, such as good oxidation stability and gas properties, are also met. It can also be used as an additive to mineral electrical insulating oils as it improves slightly oxidative stability and gas properties.

This residue can be obtained as a by-product in the production of water-soluble allarylaryl sulfonates, which use only a fraction of monoalkylaromates. The price of the electrolyzing oil produced by the process according to the invention may therefore be at the level of the price of mineral electrical insulating oils as opposed to the members of other synthetic electrical insulating oils.

Example 1

The operation for the production of alkylated benzene alkylaxylsulfonátov the chlorinated n-alk & nmi / 0.2% 7.9% Cg} 0 _Q1 (42.0% and 36.5% CJJ C ₁₂ and 15.4% 0? / At? 0 After separation of the catalyst and washing of the alkylation product with water, 5% NaOH solution and water, the alkylation product obtained was separated by rectification. In an atmospheric column, unreacted benzene was distilled off in a vacuum column (130 torr) of unreacted chlorinated n-. alkanes. the subsequent vacuum column / 30 mm Hg, the temperature at the head of the co 'Ions 238 ° 0, and at the bottom of column 271 °° ✓ ^{odde8tilOTa B a} l ^a frekoia monoalkylbenzene. the amount of the residue of rektifikáoll was 5% by weight of the alkylate · pxemytý

A sample of 1500 was taken from the residue and refined with 2 wt% bleached clay at a temperature of 130-110 ° C with constant air stirring for 1 h. After filtering the clay in hot conditions, an oil was obtained and yield 97.7 wt%. The intrinsic strength of the oil obtained was 239 kV / m, the density at 20 ° 0 891 kg / m 2 and the flash point of 208 ° C, these properties being suitable for CSN for transformer oils.

Example 2

To 850 g of mineral transformer oil having a density at 20 ° 0 882 kg / b ^, an electrical strength of 267 kV / m, and a flash point of 135 ° C, and added 150 g of the oil prepared according to Example 1. 261 kV / m, a density at 20 ° C of 883 kx / y * and a flash point of 137 ° 0, these properties being suitable for CSN for transformer oils.

The bleaching oils prepared by the process of the present invention can be used as transformer, capacitor and cable oils, as well as oils for electrothermal devices and the like.

Claims (1)

The spheroidal oils are characterized in that they consist essentially of the rectification of the benzene alkylation product individually with chlorinated n-alkanes and can withstand about 25 to 25 carbons per molecule, and the alkylation proceeds with the catalytic AlCl 3 at a temperature of 40 to 110 ° C. , chlorinated n-alkanes and monoalkyl benzene fractions having an alkylation product optionally refined with 0.5 and 10% by weight of bleaching earth at a temperature of 70 (dl 200 ° C), or with said residue with 0.5 to 94.5% ha of dry mineral oil and a density at 20 ° C above 840 kg / e ^, a flash point above 110 ° 0 and an electrical strength above 200 kV / om ·