CS213464B1 - Flat rubber combine harvesters - Google Patents

Abstract

The subject of the invention are flat rubber drive combine belts, allowing for self-slipping in the machine when the combine is stationary, rotating or changing its speed. Agricultural combines for harvesting grain are equipped with flat drive belts that drive the combine thresher, while the source of kinetic energy is the combine engine. When changing the speed, rotating or turning of the combine, the thresher must be stopped, which is done by releasing the tension of the rubber belt on the drive pulley and allowing the belt to slip along it. The drive combine belts according to the invention are made of soft dynamically resistant rubber, reinforced asymmetrically with cord fibers parallel to the longitudinal axis of the belt and provided with covering layers of one-sided friction-treated moline or eagle.

Description

The subject of the invention are flat rubber drive combine harvester belts, enabling the machine to slip when stationary, turning or changing the speed of the combine.

Agricultural combines for harvesting grain are equipped with flat drive belts that drive the combine thresher, while the source of kinetic energy is the combine engine. When the speed changes, the combine turns or stops, the thresher must be stopped, which is done by releasing the tension of the rubber belts on the drive pulley and slipping the belt on it. The slipping system replaces a mechanical or hydraulic clutch. The service life of these belts is very low and they must be replaced several times during the harvest, which negatively affects the performance of the combine. The requirement of agricultural organizations as operators is that the belt service life exceeds the length of the harvest.

Tests and statistical monitoring have clarified the causes of the low service life of commercial combine harvester belts. The critical point is the belt slippage on the drive pulley, where the belt is gradually destroyed due to the biting of the soft rubber layer on metal parts and the further propagation of the mechanical damage caused in this way. Due to the significant bending of the belt on the drive and guide pulleys, which are of only a small diameter for design reasons, the rubber undergoes bending and compression fatigue, with the nature of the type of stress being determined by the position of the rubber layer in relation to the centrally located reinforcing fabric. The result of biting and significant deformation on the pulleys is, in addition to mechanical abrasion of the surface, also the pulling out of the belt, which can no longer be switched off and adjusted after certain lengths are exceeded. The pulled out belt is usually also wrinkled. Biting of the belt during slippage can be limited by higher hardness of the rubber in the flat belt, but this will result in the belt breaking on the pulleys or deterioration of the working characteristics and functional capabilities of the belt.

The problem is solved according to the invention in such a way that the surface reinforcement of the rubber layer of the belt is carried out by vulcanizing a one-sided frictional moline or segle, which limits the biting of the belt during slippage. The basic rubber layer with a hardness of only about 60 °Shore guarantees minimal deterioration of the rubber due to deformation during bending, in addition, the reinforcing cross fabric is replaced by a non-woven cord layer, usually used in tire production, placed asymmetrically to the cross-section of the belt with fibers parallel to the longitudinal axis of the belt. The asymmetrical placement of the reinforcing layer to the underside of the belt prevents wrinkling and uneven pulling of the belt. Replacing the textile cross fabric with a non-woven cord layer and limiting biting during slippage significantly reduces the total pulling of the belt. The one-sided frictional moline has an elongation of at least 25% and, due to its elasticity, allows good bending on pulleys without damaging the surface layers. The result of the design changes of the flat combine belt is an increase in the overall service life, exceeding one harvest season. The advantages of the solution according to the invention are manifested not only in the trouble-free operation of the combine, but also in the method of controlling the combine machines during harvesting work.

Examples of implementation:

Example 1.

The raw flat strip is made up on a folding making wheel with a diameter of 125 cm.

The one-sided friction-coated Molino 16/18 is placed with the non-rubberized side on the circumference of the tire wheel and covered with 3 layers of viscose cords 1650/1x2 Super Super, rubberized with a mixture according to recipe 1, laid at zero angle and one layer of rubber mixture according to recipe 2, previously stretched on a three-roller to a thickness of 2 mm. The one-sided friction-coated Molino 16/18 is rolled onto the rubber mixture, with the friction-coated side facing the rubber mixture. The belts are made using a preparation solution according to recipe 4.

After rolling, the raw strip is removed from the manufacturing wheel and vulcanized by successive passage through a double pressing die in an 800 x 800 mm vulcanizing press under a pressure of 20 MPa on the press piston at a temperature of 160 °C. The vulcanization time is 20 minutes for one discontinuous feed through the pressing die.

Example 2.

The single-sided friction seal 18/24 is combined with two layers of polyamide cords 840/1x2, rubberized with a mixture according to recipe 1, laid at zero angle and with two layers of a mixture according to recipe 3, drawn on a three-roller to a thickness of 2 mm and doubled to a thickness of 4 mm and covered with a single-sided friction seal 18/24, with the friction side facing the rubber mixture.

The individual layers are joined using a ready-made solution according to recipe 4. The raw strip ee is vulcanized discontinuously as it passes through a double pressing die with a length of 1,000 mm in an 800 x 800 mm press at a pressure of 20 MPa per piston. Vulcanization time 30 minutes at a temperature of 150 °C.

Two belts can be vulcanized simultaneously in the pressing block.

Recipes:

Natural rubber 50

SBR 1 500 50

Retread 50

Oxygenated 4

Stearic acid 1

Carbon black FEF 35

Aromatic softener 5

Coumarone resin 5

Phenyl-beta-naphthylamine 1

Di-2-benzothiazyl disulfide 1,3

Diphenylguanidine 0.5

Sulfur 2.5

SBR 1 500 100

Carbon monoxide 5

Stearic acid 2

Carbon black HAF 50

Aromatic softener 8

Phenyl-beta-naphthylamine 1

N-isopropyl-N-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine 0.5 Paraffin 1

N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazolesulfenamide 1,2 sulfur 2

169.7 blankets

205.3 blankets

213,464

Recipes:

Natural rubber 50 Natural rubber 70 SBR 1,500 30 Cis-1,4-polyisoprene 30 Cis-1,4-polybutadiene 20 Oxygenin 5 Zinc oxide 5 Stearic acid 1 Atearic acid 1.5 Channel soot 45 HAF carbon black 30 Rosin 3 ISAF carbon black 20 Extract resin 2.5 Aromatic softener 5 Aromatic softener 3 Phenyl-beta-naphthylamine 1 Phenyl-beta-naphthylamine 1 W-isopropyl-N-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine 1 2-mercaptobenzothiazole 1.3 Paraffin 1.2 Sulfur 2.25 N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazole- 164.05 dsk sulfenamide 1.1 Sulfur 2.1 167.9 dsk 15% solution in technical gasoline 80/110 OBJECT INVENTION

Flat rubber traction combine harvester tracks, allowing for self-slipping in the machine, marked

Claims (1)

Flat rubber traction harvester belts for self-slip in the machine, characterized in that they consist of a base rubber layer with a hardness of 55 - 65 degrees Shore, of asymmetrically laid one or more layers of polyamide or viscose cord yarns parallel to the longitudinal axis layers of one-sided fractionated molina or segl, with the friction side facing the inside of the strip.