CS213318B2 - Storing rack - Google Patents

Abstract

1395613 Warehousing R K WEBER 17 May 1972 [29 May 1971] 23048/72 Heading A4T A storage shelving assembly comprises a plurality of storage levels a-q each being subdivided into compartments, and in which on at least one compartment level adjacently situated compartments are connected together to form a commission passage 6 or 7 which extends as a gallery through the shelving assembly. The assembly also includes a shelf servicing device 5 provided with a telescopic arm extensible to a length corresponding to the depth of two shelf depositing places; the shelf servicing device, when the arm is fully retracted, also providing two positions for supporting an article to be handled, and having means for transferring the article from one position to the other. The assembly may have two galleries 6 and 7, and these may be sideby-side connected by a bridge (not shown), or one above the other (as shown) and connected by a hoist 8, 9.

Description

The invention relates to a complex arrangement of the actual pallet storage rack as well as a corresponding rack service device.

The purpose of the invention is to provide a storage rack which, in addition to storing the entire pallet and the associated order handling, also enables simple and expedient handling of goods smaller than the pallet. This task is achieved by arranging four stowage places behind the individual racks, wherein at least one lattice horizontal plane of the shelf adjacent side stowage points of all lattice columns are connected in a continuous corridor open on at least one shelf face that extends through the entire rack. On both sides of the telescopic boom of the racking service device, the racking stand is provided with a lifting arm and a servo machine for moving the goods unit from one side of the telescopic boom to the other.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a storage rack comprising a plurality of stacked and stacked storage racks with a plurality of stackable storage locations for goods packaged in particular in pallets, as well as a rack-operated storage rack operating device from one or both of the warehouse fronts provided with arm and operator unit.

Pallet racks usually consist of several superimposed and side-by-side trusses inside a reasonably high hall where the corridors are so wide that fork-lift trucks can store or retrieve pallets by means of various extenders, in particular scissor forks or sliding columns. in individual planes. In conventional pallet warehouses, the lower plane can be used up to the height of the operator's movement for manual handling. The widths of the corridors are relatively large, since the respective device has to be rotated 90 ° to the side of the rack from the travel direction. In addition, there must be sufficient space for possible handling of goods smaller than pallets.

With an obvious tendency to squeeze warehouses, warehouses are increasingly taller and corridors narrower, requiring the use of either track-bound racking or forcibly operated fork-lift trucks, which are usually fitted with a suitable forklift / mast combination. The forklift itself is no longer turning. In such solutions, it is no longer possible to simultaneously handle goods smaller than pallets, in which case the handling is carried out either with a suitably adapted tool or the pallet must be temporarily removed from the bread and then returned.

In both solutions, the volume and feed times are limited by the speed of the tool as well as the length and height of the corridor, unless extraordinarily short corridors with ever increasing number of tools are taken into account in order to achieve high reloading speeds, which is, however, extremely inefficient. With such solutions, the depth of the pallet is available in each corridor to the right and left, so that for several corridors, a double row of racks is created for each row. In order to prevent the handling of goods smaller than pallets at a greater number of species and a higher speed reloader of this inefficiency, there has been a solution where between one or two groups of shelf conveyors and corridors are fastened on the sides or in one place in between overlapping fixed installation planes of greater width, where it is possible to transmit from the sides adjacent to the manipulation plane by means of a shelf conveyor, but in all other corridors downstream, pallets stored there must be difficult and laborious to reach the manipulation plane, or to the rack conveyor. If more than one pallet is stored in a row, these pallets are only suitable for complete offtake or filling and exclude direct loading on the handling planes in several corridors with racking equipment.

Ancillary warehouses that occur in commercial warehouses, such as the food sector, household utensils and the like, and in all other industries where goods assembled on pallets in bulk are re-assembled into assortments for retail, therefore require additional costs for traffic performance and / or storage space as well as for organization. In known warehouses, either numerous shelf conveying devices are used as a manned shelf unit serving as a handling vehicle, or a handling warehouse with specially designed shelves is provided in addition to the stock warehouse. Goods are transported to this handling warehouse from a stock warehouse in order to assemble orders smaller than a pallet using any conveying device. These warehouses require additional space for specially assembled rack units and transport equipment, additional investment costs for equipping the necessary technical equipment such as transport and service equipment, additional staff for these equipment, as well as additional operating costs for transporting goods from stock to associated warehouse and the like. The racks for this purpose, operated by the shelf conveyor, and the parts for handling are rigid and can hardly be changed at considerable cost.

_; · The above mentioned deficiencies are eliminated. composed of · several. · Over. with you. and next to each other. lying shelves · p. · several consecutive stabling points for. goods packed, in particular in pallets, as well as a shelf service device for operating a storage rack from one or both of the front surfaces of a warehouse, provided with a telescopic arm and an operating device according to the invention, the essence of which is that the racks have four parking places behind and · in at least one lattice horizontal plane of the rack next to the adjacent interior parking places of all lattice columns are connected in a continuous corridor open on at least one front surface of the rack passing through the whole rack; the telescopic boom of the racking unit · is not provided with a parking area for operating the rack with a lifting frame and an operating unit for moving the unit of goods from one side of the telescopic arm to the other.

The solution according to the invention provides a storage rack which, in addition to storing the entire pallets and the corresponding order handling, allows handling of goods smaller than the pallet in a simple and functionally efficient manner. The warehouse rack thus created can serve both as a warehouse and as an order-handling warehouse. By creating a corridor inside the shelf, the external stabling areas restricting this continuous corridor can take over the function of ordering trusses that are supplied from outside, that is, the shelf service devices moving in the main corridors and from which the ordered small quantities can be assembled from the inside. Shelf operation and order handling are functionally separated on the same rack and can be performed without any interference. If required, these gallery tunnels can be closed and / or opened without changes in load according to the changing storage structure of the storage pallets and the orderly storage areas and / or when more or less whole units are to be transported inwards. and out. Trusses that lie above or below the level of order handling can be used in their entirety as stowage points for pallet storage, so that depending on the height of the pallet stowage space required, only a small number of staging points are required when storing normal pallet units, only two superimposed rows of parking places. However, this eliminates the need to set up special warehouses for order handling of all auxiliary equipment, such as conveying machines, rack control units, control and command devices and others. Stocks as well as warehouses for order handling are combined into one functional unit for an integrated solution.

In principle, the storage rack can have trusses with free-standing parking places. Advantageously, however, racks are provided with four consecutive staging points, of which two internal staging points of one truss plane or several superimposed truss planes are connected in a continuous passage. The arrangement of four stalls in each trellis allows the construction of a warehouse which meets the functional requirements in a special way, so that each stowage section is designed for two shelf service units, while in the ordering section due to the folding of two There are always one parking place on the two sides of the corridor for order handling on both sides, in two or more planes lying one above the other for storing the order goods. This creates optimum conditions for handling goods smaller than the pallet. As a result, high-rise storage solutions are now also possible for such warehouses which have so far been too expensive to structure. Now only one racking unit is needed for four pallet stowage points, thus reducing the number of racking corridors required for a given warehouse area in half.

If the shelf service devices are to be transversely displaceable, the continuous corridors of adjacent racks can be connected two by bridge to ensure smooth handling operation. One corridor can be made in a corridor operated by a shelf unit without transversal occupancy. The order manipulation path then usually proceeds in one rack unit in one direction and in the other rack unit back to the front end.

It is also possible, in particular for high-rise warehouses or warehouses for goods with frequent transhipment, to create two continuous passages in the storage rack which are interconnected at the end of the storage rack by a connecting shaft and internally arranged stairs or an elevator arranged in the connecting shaft. In this case, the order manipulation path runs in a corridor of one plane in one direction a. In a corridor of another plane, which lies above or below this, back to the front end of the rack.

Storage can take place in a warehouse in such a way that the storage locations for the order handling in each plane of the storage rack are assigned to the G-warehouse always with storage racks lying above or below it. In this case, it is not necessary to reposition the pallet on the same side when feeding the goods of one pallet to the order-handling portion. On the other hand, the storage goods can be carried out by means of a keypad on the shelf keypad. In order to increase the possibility of shutdown and thus better spatial utilization, it is advantageous to supply to the order-handling locations so that the goods are always stored at one of the ordering locations in the order-handling part at any time, the same shelving service in adjacent shelves.

Particularly beneficial use of the advantages of the storage rack is achieved with a rack-type operator with a telescopic arm which is extendable on both sides and has a storage area for the operation of the storage rack as well as a device for moving the goods unit from one side of the telescopic arm. By means of this warehouse shelf operating device, the goods can be packaged after removal from the shelf without additional extension of the carriage or telescopic arm from one side of the shelf service device to the other. This, on the one hand, accelerates the operation of the racking, since the displacement can be carried out when the racking service device is in motion, and on the other hand, it is possible to avoid endangering persons in the continuous corridor when storing in the rack for order handling. Otherwise, it would be necessary to extend the telescopic arm into the continuous corridor in order to allow the goods removed from the internal storage stowage of one rack to be placed at the ordering stowage in the other rack. There is a depth barrier at the continuous corridor and a transverse barrier at the inside of the corridor.

In order to allow the pallets to be displaced on the telescopic arm, the arm can be displaced up and down in the lift pedestal, and pallet supports can be provided on both sides. In this case, however, the telescopic arm has to be extended to move the pallets, and it is therefore advantageous to provide a movable frame on the lifting frame upwards and downwards. . Such a transfer device allows the pallets to be moved from one side of the telescopic arm to the other without extending the telescopic arm or the other part beyond the area limited by the lift pedestal, so that the transfer can be performed with reasonable time savings order manipulation.

In another, otherwise identical embodiment, however, it is possible, on the contrary, to arrange the movable frame rigidly and to extend the telescopic arm movably upwards and downwards or, instead of the displaced frame, lifting rails or elevators can be provided. Likewise, a telescopic table or a telescopic fork arrangement can be provided instead of a telescopic arm.

In a further construction, horizontally displaceable carriages can be guided on the lifting frame with the pallets arranged in parallel and synchronously movable with each other upwards and downwards.

The relocation process can be fully automated. · · · · · · · · · · ..

The invention is explained in more detail by way of example with reference to the drawing, in which: FIG. 1 is a schematic partial representation of a storage rack with three stacked racks according to the invention, a front view of a rack arranged at the wall of the building; and a sectional view of the adjacent rack at the end of the rack (FIG. 1b), FIG. 2 shows a partial front view of the rack corresponding to the right view of FIG. 1a; FIG. a shelf service device, FIG.

a perspective view of the same rack service in another operating position, FIG.

a schematic representation of the individual stages of displacement in the racking service, A) by means of the racking service of Figs. 4 and 5, and B) by means of another embodiment of the racking service.

The rack 1 is designed as a wall rack, in this case with two vertical vertical parking places A, B, and shelves 2 and 3 provided with four vertical vertical parking places A, B, C, D for storing pallets or from loading planes. The racks have, for example, sixteen horizontal truss planes a to q, as well as an indefinite number of adjacent truss columns, of which only five truss columns I to V are shown at the end of the storage rack. The parking places A, B, C, D in the racks 1, 2, 3 have the same position with respect to the adjacent corridors 4 or the nearest racking service 5, which is very important in this case. The shelf service devices 5 provide for the storage and removal of the entire pallet which they receive from the belts or other known feed conveying devices at the end of the rack front.

According to the invention, in the illustrated example, in the shelves 2, 3 having four consecutive parking places A to D in planes c, dae, f, the internal parking places B and C of all lattice columns are combined into two continuous corridors. · 6 and 7, which are open on the front of the shelf and thus accessible from four sides, and · which pass through the shelf as adits. The continuous corridors 6, 7 are provided with handling corridors for the operating personnel (FIG. 3), allowing access from the inside to the parking places A, D, which are filled from the corridors 4 by means of rack service devices 5. ' Shelf operation and ordering operation can be carried out in the same rack at the same time without interference and danger. The filling is effected by means of a control unit or a suitable forced-operated lifting tool in such a way that two complete pallets are loaded simultaneously and transversely to the direction of the corridor at the point of reception and deposited one after the other in the storage area of the rack. This achieves a double capacity or 50% savings on the rack conveyor system. Rack service units also assume order handling of the entire pallet, thus the entire pallet in and the entire pallet out.

Instead of the indicated effect of the embodiment with four consecutive staging points in each truss, of which two internal staging points of each of the two truss planes are connected in one transverse passage, it is of course also possible to assume a different construction and division. The indicated four-digit division allows a completely symmetrical space distribution and has proved to be particularly advantageous.

Continuous corridors 6, 7 (see in particular Figs. 1 and 2) are interconnected at the end of the rack by a vertical shaft 8 indicated by the dashed framing in which it is arranged, a cabin lift 9, instead of a scissor lift or other hoist or In this way, smooth ordering can be ensured by handling pallets in one continuous corridor 7 (see arrows in Fig. 3) after moving into this continuous corridor using shaft 8 in the opposite direction from the end of the rack to the exit on This eliminates the risk of reverse movement.

Storage of goods delivered for · supply in the lattice horizontal planes a, b as well as ig to q is carried out so that if the goods are permanently allocated to the ordering lattice precisely determined by the shelf, shelf lattice and lattice column, for ordering trusses in a certain service corridor, stored in any storage truss bordering on both sides with the same corridor. Thus, the goods to be handled will be in the lattice horizontal planes c to f of the stowage point 2D, at any stowage point A or B of the shelf 1 as well as the stowage points C, D of the shelf 2 - of course excluding the lattice horizontal planes 2c to 2f. - for supply, similarly, goods intended for order handling in truss horizontal planes c to f of staging points 2A and 3D in the respective shelf compartments of planes a, b, and ig to q.

The operation of the racks, including the transfer of goods from the storage racks to the ordering racks, is carried out by means of racking devices 5, which in a known manner consist essentially of a horizontally movable running gear which houses a lifting pedestal in which a telescopic arm or telescopic table is guided. they are horizontally displaceable by a length corresponding to the depth of two racking stowage places. Fig. 1b shows schematically the occupation of the racking service 5 by two pallets, which stand behind each other with respect to the depth of the truss.

In Figures 4 and 6, a lifting frame 10 is shown, with a telescopic arm 11 having a length span of two racking positions extending from the lifting platform, which can be extended from the lifting platform to this length.

The lifting base of the racking service, consisting essentially of a lifting frame 10 and a telescopic arm 11, is provided with an operating device for moving the pallet 12 folded thereon. This service device consists of a height-movable frame 13, which is mounted on the lift frame 10 and surrounds the telescopic arm 11. In parallel guides 14 of the side walls 13a of this movable frame 13, support blocks 15 are guided which are connected by a synchronous drive. In the example shown, hydraulic cylinders are used as drive means 16 of the support blocks 15, but these can also be replaced by another drive. The parallel guidance of the support blocks 15 can also be arranged in a different way.

In Figures 4 and 5, the same parts are designated with like reference numerals. In Fig. 4, the pallet 12 or rack service device is indicated in the end position, the pallet 12 lying on the telescopic arm 11 and in Fig. 5 in the intermediate position of the displacement process in which the pallet 12 lies on both sides on the support blocks 15.

The handling of goods smaller than the pallet size by means of the warehouse rack according to the invention, as well as the operation of the operator machine in the rack operator system, proceed as follows:

Loading of the goods into the storage part of the rack is carried out in the usual way, so that at the place of acceptance of the goods the two places of the racking service are stacked side by side with pallets which are transported to any respective lattice. weaning in the rack. In this case, the transverse service device is not actuated.

Advantageously, the assembly of the entire pallets and the transfer of the goods held in stock to the ordering trough without changing the shelf or the corridor side is carried out, thus moving the pallet from approximately one of the storage trusses of a number of staging points 2A or 2B to one of the ordering staging points 2A. In these cases, it is only necessary to extend the telescopic arm 11 to half or full unloading to store the goods and, after retracting the telescopic arm 11 and traveling to the ordering trough, to extend the telescopic arm 11 to park the pallet into the ordering trough. The operating device incorporated in the racking service is. does not use in this manipulation.

Moving goods from the storage lattice to the ordering lattice when shelf, or corridor, hence from one stowage point, for example 2A or 2B to another stowage point of the lattice horizontal plane 3d, requires the pallet to be moved on the shelf service device. both staging points A, B or, exceptionally, especially the inner staging point B of the lattice, the pallet is thus taken from the staging point 11 of the telescopic arm 11 facing this rack. Parking in the adjacent rack without moving the pallet on the telescopic arm 11 would therefore require the telescopic arm 11 to be extended for maximum unloading at which half protrudes into the corridor 6 or 7 of the rack 3, thereby avoiding a separate corridor for order handling if we will not renounce.

The pallet is moved on the racking service (Figs. 4-6A) so that after the pallet 12 has been removed and the telescopic arm 11 has been removed from the racking (position I of Fig. 6A), the movable frame 13 or other similar part is seated with the support portion. lift so that the pallet abuts on both sides of the support blocks 15 (position II of FIG. 6A), then (FIG. 5) the support blocks 15 together with the pallet 12 move to a second position on the movable frame 13 and thus also on the lift frame (position '· III Fig. 6A). In this procedure, no part has exceeded the area limited by the hoist frame, so that it can be performed simultaneously with the horizontal movement of the racking device 5 and the vertical movement of the lifting frame 10. This is followed by lowering of the movable frame 13 with support blocks 15 up to the folding of the pallet 12 on the telescopic arm 11 'according to FIG. 3 or according to the position IV in FIG. 6A. - After reaching the order horizontal lattice plane, hence one of the '3d' lattices in lattice horizontal planes c to f, the telescopic arm 11 or table or fork is extended in the other direction (position V in Fig. 6A) ), in order to fold the pallet 12 in the truss it is only necessary to extend the telescopic arm 11 to the middle position. The displacement of the telescopic arm 11 beyond this position, which could endanger persons staying in the corridors 8 or 7 for order-handling, is thereby dispensed with.

If, as a last resort, the rear pallet is placed in front of another pallet, the rack operator removes both pallets, puts the front unwanted pallet in the empty front storage compartment of the rack on the other side of the corridor and the pallet requested transported directly or after being moved to the order handling tray as described.

Similarly, the displacement is effected by the method shown schematically in FIG. 6B, where a rather shorter sliding carriage 17 is arranged on the lifting frame 10 instead of the moving frame 13 and the supporting blocks 18 are raised and lowered in parallel and synchronously with each other. 12 from the truss (position · I) first lift the support blocks 18 until the pallet 12 on the telescopic arm 11 is released (position II). Thereafter, the sliding carriage 17 together with the support blocks 18 and the pallet 12 are moved to the second position (position III), followed by lowering the support blocks 18 until the pallet 12 rests on the telescopic arm 11 (position IV) and only extend the telescopic arm 11 into the middle positions for placing the pallet 12 in the ordering rack (position V).

Said description indicates a double function of the storage rack system according to the invention and in particular its interchangeability. The previously known high-rise warehouses are firmly limited by the speed of reloading and the duty cycle of the machines per unit of time in relation to the length of the corridors and the height due to their machine equipment and the arrangement of the lattices, especially with changing sorting and goods. It is the part of the goods smaller than the pallet to be shipped that is subject to major changes from the operational point of view, so that the usual high-rise warehouses are not sufficient or are oversized by their storage capacity. The storage rack according to the invention can be adapted to such changes without great expense. Depending on the structure change, a greater or lesser number of corridors can be set up or removed with the equipment, while the canceled corridors again provide storage space for pallets. Thus, such a racking system can easily be adapted to future variable ratios with a greater or lesser order of goods handling less than a pallet due to the reloading of the entire pallet units, per corridor or also in total. This successfully solves the advantages of conventional pallet racking devices with order-level handling in the floor plane, which is characterized by greater adaptability and the rational possibility of the previously rigid and less adaptable height storage.

The solution according to the invention makes it possible to adapt easily not only to the internal conditions, but also to the external or variable conditions, in particular the construction conditions. The changing space distribution in the adjacent building, for which it would be expedient to relocate ordering corridors from one plane to another, can be easily and cost-effectively adapted.

It goes without saying that an increasing or decreasing proportion of the goods to be transhipped as a whole unit from the storage area to the exit can be stored by means of a shelf operator at arbitrarily high points at the ends of the transfer and forwarding corridors and / or exported by known conveying devices. out for quick preparation.

All shelf operator processes can be fully automated and controlled using familiar control devices. By separating these functions, numerous warehouses can now be economically built as high-rise warehouses, with the least automated parts being carried out where order handling has hitherto prevented it, or where it has been too expensive and uneconomical, and hence also suitable and expedient modernization.

Claims (6)

1. A storage rack comprising a number of stacking racks and stacking racks for goods packed mainly in pallets, as well as a shelf operating unit for operating the rack from one or both of the front surfaces of the warehouse, provided a telescopic arm and an operator device, characterized in that the racks (1, 2, 3) have four parking places (A, B, C, D) behind them and in at least one lattice horizontal plane (a to q) of the rack (1, 2, 3) ) adjacent side parking places (B, C) of all lattice columns (I to V) are connected in a continuous corridor (6, 7), open on at least one front surface of the rack (1, 2, 3), which passes through the whole rack (1, 2, 3), the extension telescopic arm (11) of the racking service unit (5) being provided on both sides with a parking area for operating the racking unit (1, 2, 3), a lifting frame (10) and means for moving the unit of goods from one side of the telescopic arm (11) to the other. Storage rack according to claim 1, characterized in that the continuous corridors of adjacent racks (2, 3) are connected by two bridges each. VYNALEZU Storage rack according to claim 1, characterized in that two continuous passageways (6, 7) formed in the rack (1, 2, 3) are connected to one another at the ends of the rack (1, 2, 3) by a connecting shaft (8). ) with internally arranged steps or an elevator (9) arranged in the connecting shaft (8). Storage rack according to Claim 1, characterized in that an upward and downwardly movable frame (13), which surrounds the telescopic arm (11), is arranged on the lifting frame (10) of the racking service device, in which the lateral sides (13a) are arranged parallel. a guide (14) for the support blocks (15) connected to the synchronous drive train (16). Storage rack according to Claims 1 and 4, characterized in that the movable frame (13) is arranged rigidly and the telescopic arm (11) is movable upwards and downwards. Storage rack according to Claims 1 and 4, characterized in that sliding carriages (17) are guided on the lifting frame (10), with the support blocks (18) parallel and mutually movable to each other for moving the pallet (12). ).