CS209779B1

CS209779B1 - Spherical gradient meter

Info

Publication number: CS209779B1
Application number: CS103078A
Authority: CS
Inventors: Frantisek Gabris
Original assignee: Frantisek Gabris
Priority date: 1978-02-17
Filing date: 1978-02-17
Publication date: 1981-12-31

Description

Vynález sa týká konštrukcie guíového gradientmetra na meranie intenzity elektrického póla v blízkostí zariadení pre přenos elektrickej energie, resp. v blízkosti vedení vvn.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the construction of a spherical gradient meter for measuring the intensity of an electric pole in the vicinity of a power transmission device, respectively. near HV lines.

V blízkosti vedení vvn a najma v rozvodniach vvn vzniká silné elektrické pole, ktoré negativné ovplyvňuje zdravotný a psychický stav ob sluhujúceho personálu. Rad krajin obmedzuje pobyt osob v takýchto priestorov na určitú dobu denne podlá intenzity elektrického póla vy-., jadrenej v kV/m. Vychádza sa zo skutočnej intenzity póla, ktorá v tej-ktorej rozvodni sa moře líšiť podlá konfigurácie prvkov rozvodné. Súčasný problém spočívá v meraní týchto intenzit póla v jednotlivých rozvodniach,připadne v blízkosti vedení vvn. V súčasnom období je známy gradientmeter podlá Múllera a tzv. merací dvacetistěn /icosahedron/. Ich spoločnou nevýhodou je to, že raeracia Sonda, ktorá sa vkládá do skúmaného miesta pola,je vodívo spojená s miestom pozorovatela, resp. s potenciálom zeme a tým sa nutné porušuje povodně elektrické pole. Údaje týchto prístrojov sú preto málo přesné, výrobcovia udáv.aju podlá podmienok merania chybu až - 10 Z. Před meraním sa tieto přístroje kontrolujú v doskovom kondenzátore rozmerov 3x3 m, čo je v prevádzke často vylúčené.There is a strong electric field in the vicinity of the HV lines, and in particular in MV substations, which negatively affects the health and mental condition of the serving staff. A number of countries limit the stay of persons in such areas for a certain period of time per day according to the intensity of the electric pole in kV / m. It is based on the actual pole intensity, which at the same substation will vary according to the configuration of the distribution elements. The current problem lies in the measurement of these pole intensities in individual substations, possibly in the vicinity of the MV lines. Nowadays, a gradient meter according to Muller is known. measuring icosahedron /. Their common disadvantage is that the probing probe, which is inserted into the field of interest, is conductively connected to the observer site, respectively. with the potential of the earth and thus it is necessary to break the flood electric field. The data of these devices is therefore not accurate, manufacturers report up to -10 Z according to the measurement conditions.

Uvedené nedostatky odstraňuje gulový gradientmeter podlá vynálezu, ktorého podstata spočívá v tom, že pozostáva z kovověj dutej gule, v ktorej je zabudovaný díferenciálny zosilňovač so zdroj om napájacie.ho napatia. Na kovověj dutej guli sú dva rovnaké vrchlíky elektricky oddělené od strednej vzčažnej časti, v ktorej je umiestnený merací přístroj elektrickej intenzity póla a je na ňu připevněná izolovaná rukováč.The above-mentioned drawbacks are overcome by the spherical gradient meter according to the invention, which consists in that it consists of a metal hollow sphere in which a differential amplifier with a supply voltage source is incorporated. On the metal hollow ball, two equal cans are electrically separated from the central reference part, in which the electrical intensity meter of the pole is located and an insulated handle is attached thereto.

Pokrok guíového gradíentmetra podlá vynálezu spočívá predovšetkým v tom, že přístroj možno vkladať do skúmaného miesta pomocou izolovanej rukovate dlžký 1 000 mm a jeho údaj odčítač priamo, alebo pri přesnějších meraniach sa přístroj upevní v ízolovanom stative aIn particular, the advancement of the ball gripper according to the invention is that the device can be inserted into the site to be examined using an insulated handle length of 1000 mm and its reading reader directly or, for more accurate measurements, the device is mounted in an insulated stative and

209 779 údaj sa odčítá dalekohladom. Přesnost tnerania intenzity póla je lepšia ako - 5 Z. S ohladom na stabilizáciu obvodov tranzistorového zosilňovača stačí přístroj ociachovat v dlhších in* tervaloch a autorizovanej skúšobni. Gulový gradientmeter nie je výrobně náročný. Jeho použitím s.a zjednoduší, mani.pulácia a urýchli sa meranie v konkrétnej rozvodni vvn a tým sa prispeje k ochraně zdravia pracovníkov vystavených účinkom elektrického póla.209 779 reading is read by telescope. The accuracy of the pole intensity measurement is better than -5 Z. With respect to the stabilization of the transistor amplifier circuits, it is sufficient to calibrate the instrument in longer intervals and at an authorized testing laboratory. The spherical gradient meter is not production intensive. Its use will simplify the operation and accelerate the measurement at a particular MV substation, thereby contributing to the protection of the health of workers exposed to the electric pole.

Na priloženom výkrese na obr. 1 je elektrická bloková schéma zapojenia gradientmetra.In the accompanying drawing of FIG. 1 is an electrical block diagram of a gradient meter wiring.

Na obr. 2 je schematické znázornenie konštrukcie gradientmetra podlá vynálezu.In FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the construction of a gradient meter according to the invention.

Přístroj pozostáva z kovověj dutej gule priemeru 100 nim, v ktorej je zabudovaný diferencíálny zosilňovač 2. se zdrojom napájacieho napátia. Na kovověj guli sú dva presne definované vrchlíky elektricky oddělené od strednej vztažnej časti 4.» V tejto časti je umiestnený merací přístroj elektríckej intenzity póla _3 a je na ňu připevněná izolovaná rukovát 5..The apparatus consists of a metal hollow sphere with a diameter of 100 µm, in which a differential amplifier 2 with a power supply is built. On the metal ball are two precisely defined cans electrically separated from the central reference part 4. »In this part there is a meter for measuring the electric intensity of the pole 3 and an insulated handle 5 is mounted thereon.

Gulové vrchlíky J. slúžia ako snímače intenzity elektrického póla a sú připojené cez diferenciálny zosilňovač 2 na meraci přístroj elektríckej intenzity póla 3^.The ball cans 1 serve as electric pole intensity sensors and are connected via a differential amplifier 2 to the electric pole intensity measuring device 31.

Náboj indukovaný ňa vrchlíkoch _1_ sa privádza na diferenciálny zosilňovač 2 spojený s meracím prístrojom _3, ktoré sú umiestnené vo vnútri dutej gule, pričom merací přístroj 3^ je umiestnený tak, že priezorom v strednej časti j4 je možné odčítat namerané hodnoty. Na strednú časti je připevněná izolovaná rukovát j>. Gulový gradientmeter nadobúda ako celok potenciál panujúci v skúmanom mieste. S ohladom na to, že do prístroja zabudovaný zosilňovač 2. má velkú vstupnú ímpedanciu, nedochádza teda k energetickému zataženiu elektrického póla. Pri* spieva k tomu aj optimálny gulový tvar a malé rozměry, ktoré sú vzhladom na rpzsiahlost elektrického póla nepatrné. Vložením gulového merača do elektrického póla, napr. rozvodní vn či vvn, vzniká na vrchiíku indukciou náboj, ktorý je úměrný intenzitě .póla v danom mieste. Náboj sa privádza na vstup diferenciálneho zosilňovača _2 s velkou vstupnou impedanciou umiestneného so zdrojom napájacieho napátia vo vnútri gule. Vyhodnocuje sa ručičkovým prístrojom 3,, alebo číslicovým zblízka priamo, z vačšej vzdialenosti dalekohladom.The charge induced on the cans 1 is applied to the differential amplifier 2 connected to the measuring device 3, which are located inside the hollow sphere, the measuring device 3 being positioned so that the measured values can be read through the viewing window in the middle part 14. An insulated handle is attached to the central part. The spherical gradient meter acquires as a whole the potential prevailing at the site under investigation. With regard to the fact that the amplifier 2 incorporated in the device has a large input impedance, there is therefore no energy loading of the electric pole. In addition, the optimum spherical shape and small dimensions, which are negligible in relation to the electric pole, also contribute to this. Inserting a ball meter into an electric pole, e.g. distribution of high or high voltage, arises on the top by induction of charge, which is proportional to the intensity of the pole at a given location. The charge is applied to the input of the differential amplifier 2 with a large input impedance located with the power supply inside the ball. It is evaluated by a hand-held device 3, or by digital close-up directly, from a larger distance by telescope.

Natáčaním roviny rovníka prístroja možno zistit tak velkost, ako aj směr intenzity elektrického póla.By rotating the plane of the device's equator, both the size and the direction of the electric pole intensity can be determined.

Přístroj sa ciachuje v homogénnom poli doškového kondenzátora 200x200 cm, jeho stupnica udává intenzitu elektrického póla priamo v kV/m.The instrument is calibrated in a homogeneous thatched capacitor field of 200x200 cm, its scale indicates the electric pole intensity directly in kV / m.

Přístroj je možno okrem merania intenzity póla využit tiež ako indikátor zapnutého stavu vedenia či časti rozvodné namiesto tlejivkových vn a vvn skúšačiek.In addition to measuring pole strength, the device can also be used as an indicator of the switched-on state of a line or part of a distribution point instead of high voltage glow and high voltage testers.

Claims

209 779 2 data is subtracted by telescope. The pole intensity accuracy is better than - 5 X. Due to the stabilization of the transistor amplifier circuits, it is sufficient to keep the instrument in longer inlays and authorized test room. The ball gradient meter is not demanding in terms of production. Using it s.a simplifies maneuvering and speeds up the pecking in a particular high-voltage switchgear and thereby contributes to protecting the health of workers exposed to the electric pole. 1 is an electrical block diagram of the gradient of the gradient. Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of the construction of a gradient meter according to the invention. The apparatus consists of a metal hollow sphere of 100 microns in diameter with a differential amplifier 2. with a power supply source. On the metal ball, two precisely defined caps are electrically separated from the central reference portion 4. In this section, the positioning device is an electric pole 3 and an insulated handle 5 is attached thereto. The ball caps J. serve as sensors of the electric pole intensity and are connected via a differential amplifier 2 to the measuring device of the electric pole 3 ' The charge induced by the canopy 1 is fed to the differential amplifier 2 connected to the measuring device 3, which are located inside the hollow sphere, the measuring device 3 being positioned so that the measured values can be read out by the viewing window in the central part. An insulated handle is attached to the middle part. The globular gradient meter acquires as a whole a potentially potential site. Thus, since the amplifier incorporates a second low input impedance into the device, there is no energy load on the electric pole. In addition, the optimum spherical shape and small dimensions are small, due to the elongation of the electric pole. By inserting a spherical meter into an electric pole, e.g., a distribution medium MV, a charge is generated on the cap, which is proportional to the pole intensity at that location. The cartridge supplies the input of the differential amplifier 2 with a large input impedance located at the source of supply voltage inside the sphere. It is evaluated by a handheld device 3 or by a digital close-up directly from a far distance telescope. By turning the plane of the equator, both the size and direction of the electric pole can be detected. The instrument is calibrated in a homogeneous field of thatch condenser 200x200 cm, its degree of electric pole intensity is directly in kV / m. In addition to measuring the intensity of the pole, the instrument can also be used as an indicator of the on / off switchgear, instead of the glow-tube MV and HV test tubes. OBJECT OF THE INVENTION A spherical gradient meter comprising a metallic hollow sphere in which a differential amplifier (2) with a supply voltage source is provided, wherein two identical dome (1) electrically separated from the central reference portion (4) are present on the metal-spherical ball; of which an electric pole intensity measuring device (3) is mounted and an insulated handle (5) is attached thereto. 1 sheet of Severogrsfía drawings. n. p «x 7, Mott