CS208902B1 - Reclaiming fertilizer for acid soils based on carbonation scums - Google Patents

Description

(54) Ammonia fertilizer based on sugar saturating sludge

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to acid fertilizer ameliorative fertilizers based on sugar saturating sludge.

Sugar saturation sludge is produced in the production of sugar as a waste product of the production process. The chemical content of their components and the favorable pH reaction are very suitable for ameliorating the acidic pod. Their use for these purposes is very narrow and the current methods of handling and natural dehydration do not meet today's parameters of handling, transport and application. Current technology in the sugar refinery is not based on the saturation sludge of its structure and consistency adapted to the requirements of ease of handling, and therefore accumulates in landfill sites at sugar refineries where leaching of readily soluble Ca causes increasing hardness levels of underground and flowing water. The most used method in the saturation sludge - sugar refinery - podium cycle is to remove the saturation sludge from the sugar juices by vacuum filters, which reduce the water content of the saturation sludge to 40-60%. At this water content, the saturation sludge is sticky, sticky and cohesive. Before being transported to landfills, they are watered up to a water content of 80% and then hydraulically transported to landfills. In landfills they undergo natural dehydration only after the water content has been reduced to 45-55%, when they are still manageable, but still sticky. This process of 'landfill maturation' takes two years. Receiving farms deposit them on the podium, on the edge of the farms where they are to be used and remain there for at least 1 year, up to a reduction of the water content below 30%, where they can be spread by manure spreaders. Because these are large quantities and values worldwide, the problem of utilization and processing of saturation sludge is a very frequent subject. In the world we encounter the triple use of saturation sludge. They are regenerated to CaO by firing in multi-stage furnaces so that they can be reused to saturate the juices; they are processed into animal feed supplements. The widest application is for fertilization. For the purpose of this application, more efficient filters, drying using traditional sources of thermal energy, etc. are used abroad to treat saturating sludges with lower water content. In addition to the method of natural dehydration also used in the Czech Republic and described above, all other treatments according to their nature can be included in the following ways: dilution with water and spray fertilization on the floor are covered by Dutch patent no. 76 754; mixing with clinker and ash obtained by grouting waste and mixing with other potassium containing wastes and the like. is the subject of Austrian patent no. 314 567; mixing with CaO, granulating and drying Swedish patent no. 355 796. The disadvantage

208 902 of the solutions in question are the difficulty of importing high-performance filters from abroad, the consumption of scarce noble energy sources or limited local use. In the case of the use of natural dehydration, the disadvantage is a cohesive sticky consistency, poor handling, long shelf life and the risk of calcium compounds contaminating drinking and process water around landfills.

The aforementioned drawbacks are eliminated by an acid fertilizer amelioration fertilizer based on sugar saturation sludge consisting of 65-90% by weight sugar saturation sludge with a water content of 40 to 60% and from 5 to 16% by weight of mineral sorbent. This mixture can be further treated with 10% by weight CaO and supplemented with mineral nutrients according to the balance needs of the soil and crop for which the amelioration fertilizer is intended. After dehydration of the saturating sludge, it is possible to separate some of the mineral sorbent used by the cyclone separator from the substrate prior to its mixing with CaO, in cases where the fertilizer substrate or the fertilizer is to be used for heavy and sandy soil. In difficult and moderate stages, the mineral sorbent - expanded perlite in fertilizer is desirable for its specific fertilising effect for these types of stages.

The advantage of the proposed solution is a fundamental change of the sticky consistency of sugar saturating sludge to a mass of loose consistency and fine grain size, which is already achieved at the substrate moisture level of 40% moisture. The higher stability of the obtained fine milling structure is achieved by imparting added CaO. The efficiency of the treatment is most evident in the ease of manipulation of the substrate thus prepared, further allowing the introduction of a continuous process for the treatment of the saturation sludge to the total sugar production process. This will make it possible to use the means of transport used to transport the beet for the return transport of the ameliorative fertilizer. In the operation of the sugar refinery itself, the water consumption necessary for watering the sludge for its hydraulic transport to landfills is substantially reduced. The need for landfill sites will also be reduced and the risk of increasing water hardness by contaminated sewage and leakage from landfills will be eliminated. A source of very valuable amelioration and fertilizer nutrients, the saturation sludge of which is the bearer, is obtained for the porn economy. The treatment achieves a uniform, very fine grain size of the substrate and its loose consistency makes it possible to use, for handling, transport and application, the machinery intended for loose materials and for the transport and application of mineral fertilizers.

Claims (3)

208 902 of these solutions is demanding to import high-performance filters from abroad, the consumption of scarce energy sources or limited local use. In the case of using natural dehydration, the disadvantage is the cohesive creamy consistency, poor maneuverability, long storage times and the risk of contamination of drinking and service water with calcium compounds in the landfill. The aforementioned drawbacks are eliminated by the ameliorating fertilizer over acidic grains based on sugar cans sludge consisting of 65-90% by weight of sugar saturation sludge with a water content of 40 to 60% and from 5 to 16% by weight of mineral sorbent . This blend can be processed with the effects of 10% by weight CaO and supplemented with mineral nutrients to balance the needs of the crop and the crops for which the fertilizer is intended. After dehydration of the settling sludge, a portion of the mineral sorbent used can be separated from the substrate prior to mixing with the CaO by a cyclone separator, in cases where the ameliorating fertilizer substrate or fertilizer is to be used for the heavy sand bar. In heavy and medium-heavy stages, the mineral sorbent - expanded perlite fertilizer is desirable for its specific fertilizing effect for these types of stages. The advantage of the proposed solution is a fundamental change of the greasy consistency of sugar confectionery sludge to the mass of loose consistency and fine grain size, which is already achieved with a moisture substrate of 40% moisture. A higher stability of the obtained fine structure is achieved by the addition of added CaO. The efficacy of the modification is readily apparent in the ease of manipulation of such a prepared substrate, and furthermore, it will be possible to introduce a continuous process for the treatment of the saturation sludge binding to the overall sugar production process. It is possible to use the means of transport used for sugar beet transport to transport grain fertilizer. In the sugar mill operation itself, the water consumption of the necessary sludge dewatering will be significantly reduced for their hydraulic transport of landfills. Also, the need for a landfill area is reduced and the danger of hardness increases due to contaminated sewage and leakage from the glass. For agriculture, a source of very valuable amelioration and fertilizer nutrients is obtained, the saturating sludge being the carrier. The treatment provides a uniform, very fine granularity of the substrate, and its loose consistency allows for the use of handling, transport and application of the machine for the bulk materials or for the transport and application of mineral fertilizers. OBJECT What is claimed is: 1. An ameliorating fertilizer for acidic grains on base-carbon saturation sludges comprising from 65 to 90% by weight of Example 1. The acidic fertilizer fertilizer was prepared from 10 parts by weight of 45% sugar susceptible sludge, which was transferred to a twin-screw mixer, where 1 part by weight of expanded perlite was added thereto at a speed of 0.5 rpm. s-1, a fine-grained and easy manoeuvrable meliorative fertilizer substrate was obtained with the following additional properties: substrate moisture 40%, bulk density550 kg / m 3, grain size 1 - 2.5 mm = 6.0% and below 1 mm 95% . Substrate tonne contains 318 kgCaO, 18 kg MgO, 2.2 kg N, 9.3 kg P205, 1.9 kg K20.100 kg organic matter. The proportion of saturating rocks is 909 kg and the expanded perlite 91 kg. The nutrient balance made from the analysis of the pea and the nutrients needed for the cultivated crop - beech grain, was to provide the following amounts of nutrients for the pre-sowing treatment: per 1 ha70 kg N, 115 kg P2O5 and 100 kg kg K2O. In addition, the sub-base assays were used to adjust the acid reaction to 700 kg CaO. The content of CaO corresponds to its content in 2 tons of saturation sludge. Other nutrient content 2 tones of saturation sludge: 4.8 kg N, 20.6 kgP2O5.4.2 K2O and 700 kg CaO. To be added: 65 kgN, 94 kg P2O5, and 95.8 kg K2O. Formulation of complete mill fertilizer production per hectare: 2 tons of sugar saturation sludge with a water content of 45%, 0.200 tons of expanded lithium, 0.325 tons of nitrogen fertilizers with N content on ammonium sulphate, 0.200 tons of P2O5 phosphorous fertilizers at triple phosphorous and 0.160 tons of potassium fertilizers with a K2O content of 60% potassium salt. Additional inorganic fertilizers were added to the substrate in a twin-screw mixer at a speed of 1.0 rpm. Example 2. An acid fertilizer fertilizer was prepared from 10 parts by weight of 45% by weight sugar sludge sludge, which was fed to a twin-screw mixer, where 1 part by weight of expanded perlite was added thereto and mixed at a rate of 0,5 otač.s_1. After the dehydration has taken place, the expanded perlite was separated by a cyclone separator and the dehydrated saturating sludge was mixed with 1 part by weight of CaO, which stabilized the resulting grain size and the dehydrated saturation scale. Indeed, as in Example 1 of the invention,% sugar saturation sludge with a water content of from 40 to 60% by weight, from 5 to 15% by weight of mineral sorbent a) or 3 by 10% by weight of CaO and from 5 to 30% by weight of mineral nutrient carriers. 2. A fertilizer fertilizer prior to the acidic processes of clause 1, characterized in that the mineral sorbent is expanded perlite. 208 902 3. An ameliorating fertilizer for the acidic stages of claim 1, wherein the mineral nutrient carrier is a miscible form of industrial inorganic fertilizer.