CS202026B2 - Method of manufacturing textured polyester yarn - Google Patents

Abstract

1436748 Simultaneous drawing and false twisting of polyester yarns TEIJIN Ltd 16 Aug 1973 [17 Aug 1972] 38836/73 Heading D1F In a process for producing polyester textured yarn comprising simultaneously drawing and false twisting an undrawn polyester yarn using a heater and false-twister disposed between feed and draw rolls, the birefringence #n of the undrawn yarn and the draw ratio DR are adjusted to meet the following conditions:- The above process is said to produce a textured yarn of uniform quality especially in respect of dye take-up. The birefringence #n is preferably in the range 0.01-0.025. In a preferred embodiment of the process the undrawn yarn is subjected to an aging treatment prior to drawing and texturing. The heater is maintained at a temperature in the range 160-210‹C and the feed rolls may also be heated to a temperature in the range 60-120‹C, the yarn being in contact therewith for at least 0.05 seconds. The draw ratio DR is preferably in the range 2.2-2.8 at the speed of processing is preferably in the range 75-600 m/min. In a preferred embodiment, the yarn is caused to pass round at least two guides between the false-twister and the draw rolls with a consequent change in direction, with the sum of the angles being in the range 30-270‹. In a preferred embodiment, the yarn is caused to run so as not to make contact with the upstream end of the heater whereby the yarn is preheated by the heater at a temperature in the range 60-150‹C. Various methods of starting the process are described to reduce breaks during start-up; these methods include starting at a reduced false-twist speed and then gradually increasing to the required value; starting at a reduced draw texturing speed which is later increased to the required value; starting keeping the yarn out of contact with the heater and then bringing the yarn into contact therewith. The process may be carried out continuously by joining leading and trailing ends of subsequent packages to be processed. The yarn may be additionally heat treated after texturing while being allowed to shrink or being maintained at constant length. Various numerical examples are given.

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing polyester molded yarns. In particular, the invention relates to a method for producing shaped yarns which comprises drawing an undrawn polyester yarn using a drawing machine while shaping, wherein between the feed rollers and the drawing rollers there is a heating device for heat treatment and a false twist inserting device. it also performs false twist forming to achieve the shaped yarn.

More recently, such a process is used to produce shaped yarn from an undrawn yarn in a single step in which the undrawn polyester yarn is elongated and twisted at the same time. Although this process is very effective in comparison with the former method in which the drawing and twisting were carried out separately, there is the disadvantage that due to the occurrence of scuffs, loops, tight spots, uneven dyeing, etc., molded yarns cannot be obtained. quality would be fully 'satisfactory.

The purpose of the invention is to provide a drawing process with simultaneous shaping which would lead to shaped yarns which do not have the aforementioned defects.

It has been found that the above purpose can be accomplished. This can be achieved by selecting an undrawn yarn of a certain birefringence and selecting a draw ratio according to the birefringence of the undrawn yarn.

The invention thus relates to a method for producing polyester molded yarns, wherein the undrawn polyester yarn is drawn and simultaneously. a false twist is inserted into it using a drawing apparatus while forming,. which is equipped with a heating device for heat treatment and comprises a device for inserting a false twist between the feeding and drawing rolls, and in which the undrawn polyester yarn has a birefringence. Δη between 0.01 'and 0.05 and the drawing ratio DR, i.e. the ratio of the peripheral speed of the drawing rolls to the peripheral speed of the feed rolls, is set to a value that satisfies the following equation according to the birefringence of the undrawn yarn:

—1.8349 log --η - 1.1376gDa g — 2.1789 logAn — 1.3509 DRS2.8.

The polyester undrawn yarn in the specification and definition is generally a substantially non-oriented multifilament yarn composed of polyethylene terephthalate or a copolymer of at least 85 mol. % are units of ethylene terephthalate. The titre and configuration of the multilayer yarn in its cross-section, as well as the additive, etc., can be selected as desired. Especially suitable for textured yarns with good feel are undrawn yarns of 30 to 1000 denier.

According to the invention, undrawn is used. polyester yarns having a birefringence Δη of 0.01 to 0.05, preferably 0.01 to 0.025. The birefringence of the undrawn yarn varies with different factors such as composition, intrinsic viscosity of the polyester, spinning temperature, spinning speed or cooling conditions. By controlling these conditions, easily elongated ductile yarns in the range of 0.01 to 0.05 are obtained.

For example, if polyethylene terephthalate with intrinsic viscosity, measured in o-chlorophenol at 30 ° C, of 0.6 is spun at 300 ° C using a conventional spinner and wound at different speeds, it varies. birefringence of the resulting fiber according to the table below winding speed birefringence (m / min)

1000 0.0053

1500 0.0102

2000 '0.0184 2700 0.0312

3000 ........ '............... 0.0391

3500 0,0485

4000 0.0652

If the undrawn polyester yarn of the invention has a birefringence of less than 0.01, it occurs. often tearing the yarn at the time of its 'introduction' to the sliver, and - moreover, it tends to develop tense spots and the undrawn yarn undergoes drastic changes over time, making it difficult to produce a shaped yarn of uniform quality. However, if the undrawn yarn has a birefringence greater than 0.05, considerable irregularity in the spinning occurs and this irregularity cannot be eliminated even by drawing techniques while forming, so that it is impossible to deliver. Shaped yarn of uniform quality.

According to the invention, it is preferable that the drawing process with simultaneous shaping be subjected to a yarn which has been subjected to aging, optionally at a temperature of T ° C and for a certain period of time. which has a particularly low incidence of color irregularities.

Steaming conditions:

when 20 ° C30 ° C, apply -1o (2.604—0.0486T) átg-211.2T-J-6424 when 30 ° CšTg40 ° C, also apply (2.604—0.0486TJ £ t ((3.259— —0.0526T)

Another possibility to obtain a shaped yarn having a particularly low incidence of dyeing uniformity is to use an undrawn polyester yarn whose moisture content is still maintained at a maximum of 1.0%, preferably at a maximum of 0.5%, from the end of the spinning up to drawing while shaping.

1 shows a diagrammatic side view of the apparatus, FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of the heating device, FIG. 3 shows a graphical representation of the relationship between the draw ratio and the birefringence, FIG. 5 is a graphical representation of the relationship between the degree of dye withdrawal and the temperature of the heating device.

Fig. 1 shows a simplified form and side view of an example of a suitable apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention. The unpacked yarn package 1, the tensioner 2, the feed rollers 3, the heating device 4 for heat treatment, the spindle 5 for inserting a false twist, the drawing roll 6 and the winding device 7 are visible. The undrawn yarn is withdrawn from the package 1 and fed at a constant speed The undrawn yarn is initially in sliding contact with the heat treatment device 4, passes over the false twist spindle 5 and arrives at the draw rollers 6, which rotate at a constant speed greater than the feed rollers speed. At this time, the undrawn yarn is drawn by a draw ratio DR corresponding to the circumferential speed ratio between the draw rollers 6 and the feed rollers 3 and the false twists inserted into the yarn by the false twist spindle 5 are thermally stabilized by the heat treatment device 4. False - Twists twist after passing the yarn through the spindle 5 'for false twist. The position of the undrawn yarn on the heat-treatment heater is stabilized by the conductor located upstream of the heater 4 as well as the conductor downstream of the heater 4, while the yarn feed position relative to the false twist spindle 5 is stabilized by the conductor upstream of the spindle 5. leaving the attenuator rollers 6, appears curled when it is wound up by the winding device 7 after passing through the conductor. The drawing speed with simultaneous shaping is usually 75 to 600 m / min.

The heat treatment heater is not limited to the hot plate type as shown in FIG. 1, but other known types of heater, for example slot or tubular, may be used.

Heating device temperature - for heat treatment is 160 to 210 ° C. When temperatures within this range are used, it is possible to obtain shaped yarns having a particularly good level of dyeability and curl, with scattering, knots or strains occurring very rarely.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the surfaces of the feed rollers 3 are maintained at a temperature of 60 to 120 ° C and the undrawn yarn is contacted with these surfaces for at least 0.05 s. By this procedure the attenuation point settles between the feed rollers 3 and the heating device. 4 for heat treatment, thereby greatly reducing the unevenness of the drawing, the unevenness of the color, the yarn breakages and knots, etc.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the invention for carrying out the process of the present invention using an altered hot plate heater 4 ' instead of the hot plate shown in FIG. one of two walls arranged parallel to each other and comprising slots in the lengthwise direction of the modified heating device 4 '. In this embodiment, the undrawn yarn does not come into contact with the heated surface of the heater from the heater inlet to a location spaced -1 mm away from the heater, but preheats to a temperature of 60 to 150 ° C within the slot limited by the wall 9.

The undrawn yarn is then contacted with the heated surface of the heating device. Distance 1 must meet the following relationships:

lě5 a

0.03 x-f-0.2 y — 15 lgO.3 x + 2 y + 100, where x is the titre of the undrawn yarn and y is the m / min feed rate of the undrawn yarn. If the undrawn yarn is heat treated under these conditions, the draw point is stabilized between the point of first contact of the undrawn yarn with the heated surface of the heating device and between the point 30 mm apart therefrom, and for this reason a shaped yarn can be obtained. crimping and very slight strains, irregularities in coloring and knots.

The rotational speed of the false twist spindle 5 is preferably controlled such that the twist coefficient a expressed by the following equation is between 0.85 and 1.15.

Towers ^a ~ ^X '32500' where x is the number of false twists - a

De is the length of the drawn yarn.

It is essential for the invention that the ratio of the peripheral speed of the draw rollers 6 to the peripheral speed of the feed rollers 5 is: - the draw ratio DR is set to the value expressed by the following equations according to birefringence Δη of the undrawn yarn.

2.2 to 2.8.

—1.8349 logAn —1.1376íáDRá - —2.1789 logAn —1.3509

DRs2.8

Fig. 3 is a graphical representation showing the relationship between the draw ratio and birefringence. In the process according to the invention, a draw ratio and birefringence of values contained within the dotted region in Fig. 3 should be selected. If the draw ratio is less than this range, the undrawn yarn adheres as a melt to the heat treatment heater and difficult to get the yarn into the sliver. . In addition, the colorability level deteriorates and the strength is reduced.

However, if the draw ratio is higher than the above range, there is a tendency to develop tufts. A standard sample and a measured sample of bulls and loops, and the yarn curl properties deteriorate. In addition, if the draw ratio is increased too much, the strength of the yarn tends to decrease.

As can be seen from FIG. 3, the draw ratio used in the process of the invention is considerably lower than the draw ratio used in conventional draw processes. It is surprising that, despite the use of such low draw ratios, the method of the invention allows a yarn having no tufts or loops and an excellent level of dyeability, good mechanical properties and good curl.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, at least two yarn guides are provided between the false twist insertion device and the intermediate rollers, by which the yarn deviates at a certain angle, the sum of the angles of deflection induced by these wires being set at 30 to 270 ° C. preferably at 30 to 150 ° C.

The drawing rolls 10 may be replaced by drawing rolls 6 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1. Of course, in this embodiment, the package 1, the tensioner 2, the feed rollers 3, the heating device 4, the heat treatment device 4, the winding device 7, etc. must be arranged in the same way as in FIG.

1.

According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, at least two yarn guides 8, 8 ‘, 8 mezi are provided between the false twist spindle 5 and the drawing rollers 10, the total sum of the deflection angles α,. -a2, a3 are set to 30 to 270 °, preferably 30 to 150 °. This total - the sum of deflection angles is very important for the complete twist of false twists and for the complete unfolding of the curl. If the sum total is less than 30 °, the false twists will not twist sufficiently, and in the lengthwise direction of the yarn, some stretched spots will develop. On the other hand, if the sum total is greater than 270 °, the resistance imposed by the conductor becomes excessive, resulting in tufts or flight. Curl will further deteriorate. However, if the total sum 2 'is within the range defined by the invention, false twists will completely twist, the curl will improve and the incidence of balloons will be greatly reduced. In addition, the number of yarn guides is also important. If there is only one conductor, even twisting cannot be achieved even if the yarn deflection angle is set to more than 30 °. In order to achieve a tilt angle of more than 30 ° using a single conductor, the conductor must be located at a location far from the center of the false twist spindle. However, when treated in this manner, the yarn comes into contact with the edge of the spindle and is subjected to an excessive load, thereby causing tufts and poor curl formation. It is therefore necessary to provide at least two yarn guides.

False twist may also be achieved using other known false twist inserting means, for example by friction or a fluid swirl. In the example shown in Fig. 4, the diverted yarn direction is perpendicular to the axial direction of the attenuating rolls, but may also be parallel to the axial direction of the attenuating rolls. Diversions in both directions can also be combined as desired.

The shape and dimensions of the yarn guides are not particularly limited, but preferably the conductor closest to the false twist insertion device is annular conductor and the other conductors are rod conductors. Further, they may be either solid conductors or rotating conductors. The surface of the conductors can be either smooth or roughened. However, especially when using solid conductors with smooth surfaces, a particularly significant effect in preventing the formation of stressed spots is achieved. In addition, the crimping of the yarn is greatly improved by contact with the conductors. The conductor material may be any commonly loaded material, for example, sapphire, titanium porcelain, aluminum porcelain, or chrome coated metals.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the process is controlled by passing the yarn through the air. at room temperature for 0.13 to 0.3 seconds between the heat torch heater 2 as shown in Figure 1 of the processing and between the false twist inserter. This makes it possible to obtain a shaped yarn having a high degree of crimping, firm crimping and little tension.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, a second heat treatment device (not shown) is provided downstream of the drawing rolls 6 or 10, which allows the drawn and shaped yarn coming from the drawing rolls to be additionally heat treated at a temperature of 160 to 250 ° Wherein the shrinkage is not more than 50% or the yarn is kept constant. In this way, it is possible to control the degree of curl and improve the dimensional damping component between standard patterns to dimensional stability to temperature.

The shaped yarns produced by the process of the invention are almost free of tufts, loops and stretched points, have excellent crimping properties, good mechanical properties and also a good level of dyeability. These The shaped yarns have the advantage that the dye withdrawal degree does not change even though the temperature of the heat treatment heating device has varied between 160 and 210 ° C.

Giant. 5 is a graphical representation showing the relationship between the dye withdrawal rate and the temperature of the heat treatment heater for the shaped yarn obtained according to the invention I and for the ordinary shaped yarn. The first curve A in this illustration. relates to the shaped yarn obtained according to the invention and the second curve B is. concerns ordinary shaped yarn. As can be clearly seen from the figure, there is hardly any change in the dye withdrawal degree of the molded yarn obtained according to the invention when the temperature of the heat treatment heater is in the range of 160 to 210 ° C. However, in ordinary molded yarn, the degree of dye withdrawal varies with the temperature of the heat treatment heater. Therefore, even a slight variation in the temperature of the heating device leads to uneven coloring.

The dye withdrawal degree indicates the degree of dye depth observed by the naked eye on the shaped yarn that was stained by immersing it in a boiling dye bath containing 2 ·% Eastman Polyester Blue GLF for 90 minutes. Larger numeric values mean deeper color.

In the practice of the present invention, a variety of procedures can be used at the time of commencement of the operation or at the end of the operation.

Procedure to start work,. without contacting the yarn with the heat treatment heater, using a catch coefficient of 50 to 85% of the twist coefficient in normal operation, and then contacting the yarn with the heat treatment heater.

Procedure to start work at such drawing speed a. forming, which is expressed by the equation where

V is the drawing and shaping speed, then the yarn is stretched or slived, and then the drawing and shaping speed is increased to a predetermined value.

A process in which the yarn is stretched into the sliver at the start of the work, keeping the undrawn yarn in position so that it does not come close to the surface of the heat treatment heater and then begins to draw the yarn while shaping so that the yarn The yarn is passed through a zone near the surface of the heat treatment apparatus while maintaining the temperature at 50 to 130 ° C, whereupon the yarn is brought into contact with the heat treatment apparatus.

By using such processes, the yarn breakage can be substantially prevented at the time of the drawing process with simultaneous shaping and at the time the yarn is brought into contact with the heat treatment heater, and for this reason the yarn draw-in efficiency and the working efficiency of the yarn drawing while shaping.

Examples of workflows are:

A process in which the end of the undrawn yarn on the bale and the front end of the undrawn yarn on the bale are cold drawn and tied together before the bale of the undrawn yarn being processed is emptied.

A process in which, at the time of replacing the undrawn yarn, the carts carrying the undrawn yarn bales are arranged in several rows and the yarn is transferred between two bales lying opposite each other on the carts. If such aids are used, it is possible to carry out the drawing process with a concomitant shape of 23.33 Te (36 fibers have been subjected to a long curl with a TC of 32.5%), so that the standard sample was shaped in a continuous manner.

The invention will be explained by means of several exemplary embodiments.

The measured values reported in the tables were obtained by the following methods.

Number of tufts and loops occurring on both end faces of a cross-wound cylindrical coil of 2,5 kg square end and a winding width of 150 m.

Number of stretched points, i.e., untwisted sections, i.e., sections that remain crispness curl = __ _vxx _ elongation at break

The moisture content was determined by quickly taking a sample of about 20 g of undrawn yarn placed 5 mm outside the undersized yarn bobbin surface and in the central portion relative to the bobbin axis direction, i.e. the undrawn yarn present in the inner bale layer not exposed to the atmosphere at all . The resulting sample was completely dried and placed in a bottle of known Wo weight, and the bottle was sealed with a lid. The bottle was then accurately weighed and the weight was W g. The cap was removed and the bottle was placed in dry hot air at 105 ° C + 2 ^° C. After drying for 3 hours, the bottle was capped and weighed again accurately. The scale was designated as W2. The moisture content in% was calculated as follows:

W—— ₂ moisture content = ———- X 100 (%)

W2-W0 elongation at the disappearance of the crimping of the spiral in the yarn without twisting due to the fusion of the filaments to each other to 10 m of processed yarn.

The degree of total curl Tc was ensured at an initial load (2 mg / d). . and a heavy load (0.2 g / d) which simultaneously applied to the yarn being processed. the length of the yarn sample was measured and labeled with Iq. Then, only the heavy load was removed and the yarn was boiled in boiling water for 20 minutes and allowed to dry spontaneously in the free state for a period of time. 24 hours. Thereafter, an initial load and a heavy load on the yarn were applied simultaneously and afterwards. The length of the yarn sample was measured at one minute and indicated with. Then, after removing only the heavy load and after one minute, the length of the sample was measured and labeled I2. TC is expressed by the following equation

TC = -'р ¹ -—X100% lo

Uneven staining was observed with the naked eye and evaluated according to the scale 5 - 0 below.

5: no uneven coloring 4: slight uneven coloring 3: appreciable uneven coloring 2: significant uneven coloring 1: large uneven coloring 0: large difference in color depth.

It was determined by applying a load to the polyester molded yarn, continuously stretching the yarn, and measuring the yarn elongation when the curl disappeared and the yarn elongation at break. Curl stability was calculated using the following equation:

X100 (%)

The difference in dye pull-out was determined so that the standard sample was a shaped yarn, which was obtained by subjecting the undrawn spinning yarn to elongation while shaping after. for 8 hours. The standard sample and the sample to be measured were simultaneously knit side by side and the obtained knit was dyed in the same manner as in the dye withdrawal test described above. The difference in dye extraction between the measured sample and the standard sample was evaluated on the resulting coloration with the naked eye according to the scale below. The dye extraction difference is the mean of the dye extraction difference for ten samples at the same level.

- indistinguishable

-J-0.5 —- slight difference + 1.0 - difference fully observable + 1.5 - when a yarn having a dye extraction difference of 1.0 was found to be a standard sample, a slight difference was found.

+ 2.0 - a slight difference observed in the same procedure as above using a yarn having a dye withdrawal difference of 1.5.

The + symbol indicates that the sample was deeper than the standard sample, while the - symbol indicates that it was lighter in color than the standard sample.

Example 1

Non-drawn polyethylene terephthalate yarns with different birefringence values of 23.33 Tex / 36 fibers were subjected to drawing under concomitant forming using the apparatus shown in Figure 1 and under the following conditions.

temperature of the heating device for heat treatment spindle rotation speed twist coefficient drawing ratio DR drawing speed while forming 75.8

The results are shown in Table 1.

180 ° C

30.1 X10 ⁴ rpm,

1,0,

3.14 to 1.30, up to 115.5 m / min.

Attempt not to get DR speed Loop Stretch and Tension TC Uneven-Total

No. Δη yarn tuft extension (%) evaluation rate at 25 kg per 10 m coloring

'ca' Kj 'ca xa 'CJ and a and a tí 'd h h Ή h f-O O O O O WITH £> Λ XXX & O ΧΛ TJ>>>>

'CO α ω

ιη ιη, ιη ιη ιο, in cO J ’’ * F *

CO <7 tx, rH_ IO_ rHCO, cm ί what in ”cmcm” what what what what coco

1ПrH

I I

CO o o o o

CMCO co ¹¹

CM O O O O O 'Q Ч- »ω

KB £ xa xs' ca 'ca xo' a H p Ри 44 Рч tФ л Д ДЛЛ rO> M M OOOOOO TJ T3 ie ie ie what in bs cd 00 CD Oil rH rH rH

M co O O O LD rH, b ^ CO, CD b> UD, CO ~ cm ”cm” cm ”cm” r-Γ r-Γ r-T

CO 00 b- IDCM

CO 000 O. CO 00ID

CD 1-4 'rH CM CO, ID

O O, O ^ O OO cd cd cD O o o o o rH CM CO ’ID CO bI lily I r-M rl H rl H r rH

Example 2

Non-drawn polyethylene terephthalate yarn, 302 denier / 48 fibers, with a birefringence of 0.0226, was subjected to drawing while molding using the apparatus shown in Figure 1 and under the following conditions:

temperature of heating device for heat treatment 180 ° C spindle rotation speed 30,1 X10 ⁴ rpm, twist coefficient 1,05, drawing ratio DR 1,8 to 2,4, drawing speed with simultaneous shaping 114 to 99 m / min

The results are shown in Table 2.

Attempt DR to stretch a loop stretched specific elongation Tc unequal

no yarns and tufts instead of strength (%) specificity 10 m [g / d] (%)

X0 Й cd On> 7)

4D ХФ Й Й \ φ ^χφ 'φ P P 'Φ b i P O About - b -4- » -O 40 4D ~ аз cd O O & a Ό > > Ό > 05> 00

UD CD UD CM

Oj Φ φ φ What co

° ° L o CD φ CD cm cm r-T o co

CO CO CO CO CO CO CM

CM ^ CO CO CD CD t-H LD CD σ Γ co in co co oo co

CM CM CM CM CM r — r— t >> WHAT CM CM CD Φ CD r— CD 'О ´ oo LCD CM ~ CD oo what what what what what

WHAT'S FOR RH O O cm

Η O O H ID CO — CM 'ID

EXAMPLE 1

O Ό

ΧΦ \ φ P u 40 40 O O

Ί Ί 5 '0

P

O

Ί5 с с r r r r--cm cm cm cm cm

Y-i CM 00 Φ LD CO t>

I lily

CM CM CM CM CM 00 CM

Example 3

Non-drawn polyethylene terephthalate yarn, 40,6 Tex / 30 fibers, with a birefring of 0.0178, was subjected to drawing under simultaneous forming under the conditions given in Table 3 using two types of apparatus. The physical properties of the resulting shaped yarns were compared. The results are shown in Table 3.

Table 3

Experiment no.

Used machine

3—1 FIG. 1

3–2 is a draw pin between the feed rollers and the hot plate

Processing conditions drawing pin temperature heater hot plate temperature (° C) 200 spindle speed (rpm) 41.5 X104 twist coefficient0.98

DR2.38 drawing speed while forming (m / min) 161.6

Physical properties of yarn loops and tufts per 2.5 kg0-3

TC [%] 34 twist (Z / 25 cm) 20 knitability good ° C

210

41.5 X104

0.98

2.6

154.5

5—15 with Problems Example 4

An undrawn yarn, 26.6 tex / 24 fibers, of polyethylene terephthalate with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.62 and a birefringence of 0.62 and containing 5 mol percent isophthalate, was subjected to drawing under simultaneous shaping under the following conditions.

heat treatment temperature 175 ° C spindle rotation speed 40,2 X104 rpm 0,96

DR 2,4

The resulting shaped yarn was free from tufts of loops and tight spots and showed good curlability with a TC of 32.5 percent. When this yarn was dyed in blue, the color was bright and the yarn had a good touch.

Example 5

The three polyester undrawn yarns (A, B, C) of Table 4 were each subjected to drawing under simultaneous shaping under the conditions of Table 4, varying the yarn diverging angles using the apparatus of Figure 4 containing one to three wires between the spindle. for false twist and between draw rollers. The yarn withdrawal angle from the spindle was set to 20 ° in all cases. The results are shown in Table 5. In this table, Experiments Nos. 7, 8, 9, 12, 13 and 14 are exemplary embodiments of the invention and the others serve for comparison.

Table 4

Undrawn yarn AND (B) C spinning speed (m / min) 1000 1100 1500 titer (denier / fibers) 58.88 / 48 60/24 23.33 An 0.0054 0,0063 210/15 0.0104 processing conditions: twist coefficient (Z / M) 2500 3000 3500 spindle speed 40X104 40X104 40X104 DR 3.13 3.10 2.7 heater temperature 190 ° C Mp 180 ° C 170 [deg.] C

d o t3 φ a

t o Λ ω 'cd With §6' cd

4-J d a cd a 'cd d > N

ТЛ + s and Φ «-! > O Ό O O Ph>

tn

O. cu> Q

SOLOCOWNOOHHQQOO CO CM CM rH rH cd + - »co

CD

Φ

CO rH rH or οωηιοοιηοΗΗΐοοοοοοο CO rH rH 'Φ CM

o o

Ю, _л LO ooo e> o O · O xf Dm so cm o O CM CO 'Φ tH co bx CO CD tH CM oom cm _O

r. r O 'Φ CO LO CM CO CO

About tx CD

CM by CM ctj

CM tx in

I LO LO ~ CO CM 'Φ I rH CM CO O CD rH rH

Q cd tx tx oo m χφ in what about

CM * Φ IX Φ TJ1 СО TF * чes ++ rHCM γ-ч cm oo ^ Φ m co tx m m m m m in m m in cm oo ´ Ф со m lili m m m m

Г) + 00

CM y — I

I m

m m m

yH cm oo <Φ + + + 4202026 Example 6

The undrawn yarn of polyethylene terephthalate (38.3 Tex / 30 fibers, birefringence 0.013) with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.632, measured in o-chlorophenol at 35 ° C, was subjected to drawing while molding using the apparatus of Figure 1 and under the conditions shown in the table 6. The yarn obtained was heat treated at 200 ° C, allowing shrinkage of 14.8% and then winding. The results are shown in Table 6.

surface temperature of supply rollers 50 to 130 ° C contact time of undrawn yarn with supply rollers 0,06 s, temperature of heater for heat treatment 195 ° C, twisting coefficient 0,98, drawing ratio 2,452, drawing speed with simultaneous shaping 185 m / min .

Table 6

Experiment no. Supply Roller Temperature (° C) Specific strength (g / d) Elongation (%) T.C. (%) tufts Forced places at 10 m Unevenness of coloring 6—1 55 3.68 32.4 12.3 12 36 4.0 6—2 65 3.72 34.1 12.1 2 3 4,5 6—3 80 3.93 35.7 13.8 0 0 4,5 6—4 100 ALIGN! 4.05 35.1 14.0 0 0 4,5 6—5 115 3.85 34.8 14.1 1 0 4.0 6—6 125 3.24 31.3 11.6 16 7 3.0

Example 7

Example 6 was repeated except that the surface temperature of the feed rollers was set to 90 ° C and that the contact time between the undrawn yarn and the feed rollers was varied. The results are shown in Table 7.

example8 *

Cuttings of polyethylene terephthalate with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.645 were crimped at temperature

291 ° C and wound at a speed of 2000 m / min to form an undrawn yarn (39.4 Tex / 30 fibers) with a 0.0145 birefringence. In this spinning process, the oil of the following composition was applied to the yarn by means of a roller, the amount of oil retained being 1%. The undrawn yarn was wound up. and allowed to stand for three months in an atmosphere maintained at 40 ° C and then subjected to drawing under shaping under the following conditions:

Table 7

Try Time Speci- Prodlou- TC bunch- strained nestej- C. contact in fická getting married (%) ky, places noměr- sekun- strength (%) nost dách (g / d) vybar-

vení

7—1 0.03 3.62 33.4 12.5 3 15 Dec 4.0 7-2 0.06 3.95 35.5 13.9 0 0 4,5 7—3 0.10 4,11 34.3 14.3 0 0 4,5

1β

Oil composition Drawdown conditions současného.tvaro- mineral oil 80 wt. % oleyl alcohol with an additive draw ratio 2.3 ethylene oxide 10 wt. % Warm-up temperature octyl- for heat treatment 190 ° C phosphonic 40 wt. % of twists 2600 T / M oleic acid s processing speed 200 m / min

triethanolamine 6 wt. % ·

The results are shown in Table 8.

Table 8

Experiment no. oil level moisture content immediately after spinning in% moisture content in% after standing still 3 months at 40 ° C the difference in dye extraction Unevenness of coloring 8—1 10% aqueous emulsion 3.5 2.5 + 4 2,0 8—2 6% aqueous emulsion 1.4 1.1 + 2 2.5 8—3 20% aqueous emulsion 0.8 0.7 + 0.3 4,5 8—4 undiluted oil 0 0.2 + 0.3 4,5 8—5 + oiling in 0.5 0.5 + 0.5 4,5

stages + oiling in two stages;

first stage = 1 ° / o aqueous sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate second stage = undiluted oil

Example 1 9

Polyethylene terephthalate with an intrinsic viscosity. measured in o-chlorophenol at 35 ° C was spun at 292 ° C and - wound at 1800 m / min as an undrawn yarn with a 0.0135 birefringence and a Utr 40 Tex of 30 fibers.

The undrawn yarn was subjected to drawing while molding using the apparatus of Fig. 1 except that the false twist spindle and the draw rollers were replaced with analogous portions of Fig. 4 and that a second heating device was used for heat treatment under the following conditions. Note: At this time, the time at which the yarn advanced between the exit of the first heating device and between the false twist spindle, as well as the total (α + + αζ) of the yarn deflection angles, were varied. The results are shown in Table 9.

2.452 draw ratio, temperature of the first heating member 210 ^o C, the temperature of the second heating member 205 ^o C, the number of windings 2590, drawing speed while forming 200 m / min.

Table 9

Experiment no. Yarn advance time in p. Angle of yarn deflection (ai + to) Specific strength (g / d) Elongation (%) Curl degree (%) Curl stability (%) Stretched spots at 20 m tufts 9—1 0.11 40 ° 3.4 29.6 11.0 65 26 24 9—2 0.18 40 ° 3.6 32.4 12.7 92 0.5 0.5 9—3 0.27 40 ° 3.6 31.5 13.0 93 0.8 0.7 9—4 0.36 40 ° 3.7 32.8 10.1 80 4,5 18.0 9—5 0.27 20 ° 3.6 32.3 11.8 87 2,0 0.7 9-6 0.23 65 ° 3.5 33.6 12.6 93 0.2 1.0 9-7 0.27 90 ° 3.3 32.7 13.1 92 0.1 1.3 9—8 0.27 360 ° 2.8 25.4 10.3 70 0.2 3.4

He did

Polyethylene terephthalate with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.645, measured in o-chlorophenol at 35 ° C, was spun at 292 ° C and wound at a speed of 1800 m / min as an undrawn yarn with a 0.0135 birefringence and a 40 Tex / 30 fiber titer.

This undrawn yarn wound as a bale was placed in a steaming chamber and aged under the conditions given in Table 10.

Table 10 Experiment No. Air temperature in steaming chamber aging time (° C) (hr)

10—1 10 24 10—2 26 28 10—3 35 12 10—4 50 15 Dec 10—5 26 24 10—6 26 36 10—7 26 72 10—8 26 600 After aging, the package was an undrawn yarn extension ratio DR 2,45, transported to the factory for drawing and temperature of the first heating false twist, distant from spinning mechanism (hot plates) 195 ° C switching factories. Time elapsed since drawing and loading speed end of aging until the beginning of drawing and false twist 182 m / min false twists were approximately 20 number of false twists 2590, hours and transport temperature was 24 to 29 temperature of the second heating degrees Celsius. mechanism (slotted) 205 ° C Length and insertion of false twist shrinkage on the second heating was carried out under the following conditions tract 14.8%

in a chamber maintained at 27 ° C + 2 ° C at a relative humidity of 65 ° C + 5%. The properties of the resulting polyester textured yarns are compiled in Table 11. Table 11

Try Speci- Prodlou- Difference Nestej- bunch- Tensioned Zpra- C. fická getting married in color- noměr- ky places cova- strength (%) vení nost (%) to 20 m telnost (%) vybar- (times)

branching (degree)

10—1 3.7 31.5 + 0.8 4.0 12.0 36 30 10—2 3.6 32.8 + 0.2 4,5 1.5 2 12 10—3 3.6 32.5 + 0.2 4,5 1.3 17 11 10—4 3.1 29.4 + 3,5 2,0 48.0 18 96 10—5 3.6 33.0 + 0.3 4,5 1,8 1.5 10 10—6 3.5 32.5 + 0.2 4,5 2,0 2,0 8 10—7 3.6 33.2 + 0.2 4,5 1.5 1.0 13 10—8 3.6 31.9 + 0.3 4,5 2.3 0.8 12

The color difference given in the above table was measured as follows:

A standard sample was prepared by processing the undrawn yarn immediately upon arrival at the factory. The undrawn yarn of the same production lot as the sample was processed 5 days after arrival at the factory to form the measured sample. The standard sample and the measured sample were knit side by side to form a sample. The resulting sample was stained by dipping into a dye bath containing 2% by weight of the sample, DIS DISPERSE BLUE 27 at 100 ° C for 60 minutes, maintaining the goods to liquid ratio at 1: 100, followed by washing with water and drying. After drying, the degree of dye extraction difference between the standard sample and the measured sample with the naked eye was evaluated on the same scale as above.

Claims (3)

1. A method of making a polyester molded yarn which comprises stretching an undrawn polyester yarn while inserting a false twist into the yarn using a draw-while-forming apparatus, which is equipped with a heat-treatment device and between which feed rollers and draw rollers. a false twist insertion device is provided, characterized in that the undrawn polyester yarn has a birefringence Δη in the range of 0.01 to 0.05 and the draw ratio DR is set to the value expressed by the following equations in connection with the birefringence of the undrawn lyester yarn .1.8349 log Δη —1.1376: DR-2.1789 log —η — 1.3509 and DRg2.8. 2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the undrawn yarn has a birefringence in the range of 0.01 to 0.025. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the stretching ratio is maintained at a value of 2.2 to 2.8.