CS201698B1 - Elastic floor coats - Google Patents

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to resilient floor coatings laid on site by a pouring technique and suitable for mechanically, in particular impact-stressed floors.

Conventional industrial flooring surfaces made of different prefabricated floor panels joined together or bonded by a variety of inorganic or organic sealants and binders have recently become disadvantageous, particularly in view of the high demands placed on craftsmanship during their laying and the possibility of permeability due to imperfect or faulty joining of panels or different properties of joints and material to be joined.

For these reasons, it is preferable to apply continuous floor coverings by pouring the flooring material directly onto a concrete, metal or other construction substrate. Such floor coatings then form a continuous layer over the entire area covered, which outperforms prefabricated floors. ^{* 1}

The most commonly used curable synthetic resins, in particular epoxy resins, are used as the binder components of these floor coverings (cf. autorkke certificate No. 170 950, French Pat. Nos. 2,137,285, 2,137,285 and 2,217,478, British Pat. No. 1). 310 247), polyester (US Patent Nos. 165045 and 166913, USSR Pat. No. 551 300), mixtures of epoxy and unsaturated polyester resins (US Pat. No. 2,135,236) and polyurethanes (British Pat. No. 1,367,086, U.S. Pat. No. 3,908,043, U.S. Pat. No. 2,337,706, Japanese Pat. No. 7,404,966 and 4,9034,527, U.S. Pat. No. 72,0395).

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In addition to many advantageous properties, flooring materials based on the resins mentioned also have some drawbacks for which they cannot meet the special requirements for flooring of working objects in a number of manufacturing and other fields. In the case of epoxy and polyester flooring, this is particularly the case of insufficient elasticity and resistance to violent impacts, which usually damage the continuous layers of these materials. Although polyurethane floorings are considerably more flexible, even in many cases they do not meet the high demands on these properties due to the nature of the washing in some production or other work areas. In addition, improved thermal and acoustic insulating properties are often required at the same time from cast floorings, which do not have the abovementioned materials, especially when applied in thin layers.

The invention, which is based on flexible floor coatings based on a mixture of polyurethane elastomer, fillers and optionally additives, contributes to the successful solution of these problems. The essence of the invention is that the floor coatings consist of 30 to 60 wt. 20 parts to 70 parts by weight of polyurethane elastomer formed by the reaction product of polyesters and / or polyethers containing free hydroxyl groups with diisocyanates; parts of fillers from the group comprising rubber pulp with particle size up to 5 mm, cork pulp with particle size up to 3 mm and asbestos fibers up to 10 mm in length, with a dust content of particle size or fiber length up to 1 mm in said fillers wt. %, further from 1 to 40 wt. parts of crushed or powdered mineral fillers having a particle size of up to 5 mm and / or pigments and optionally up to 4 wt. parts of additives from the group comprising dyes, fungicides, stabilizers, flame retardants and antistatic agents. As a mineral filler, they preferably contain quartz, diatomaceous earth, marble or perlite, as pigment preferably metal oxides, in particular iron, chromium and cobalt.

The polyurethane component of the floor coatings according to the invention consists of the reaction products of polyesters or polyethers or mixtures thereof with diisocyanates. For perfect cross-linking of the two components, polyesters and polyethers need to contain a large number of hydroxyl groups. For this application, the hydroxyl number of the free hydroxyls of these substances is required to be in the range of about 75 to 180 mg KOH / g. The isocyanate component of the polyurethane elastomer is most commonly used diphenylmethane diisocyanate. The two components are mixed with each other in a weight ratio of about 3: 1, the reaction time being 30 to 60 minutes at ambient temperature, i.e. 15 to 25 ° C. At a lower temperature, the reaction time increases, while a higher temperature results in a shortening.

The applicability of fillers in the form of pulp, i.e. rubber pulp and cork pulp, and asbestos is determined by the particle size or fiber length and, in part, by the particle size distribution.

In the case of rubber pulp, a predominant proportion of particles of 1 to 5 mm is required, and in the case of cork pulp 1 to 3 mm. The asbestos fibers used should not be longer than 10 mm. The content of dust particles with a size or length of less than 1 mm in these fillers may not exceed 10% by weight. %. Waste materials such as tire abrasion, crushed cork waste, etc. can also be used.

Fillers of mineral origin may, on the other hand, be applied in the form of pulp of a size

201 698 particles up to 5 mm in powder form, i.e. ground filler. When crushed, these fillers are usually added after screening to a larger or smaller particle size, or only a powder fraction is used. Of the applied materials, quartz, quartz, marble and perlite are most commonly used, but other types of mineral fillers can also be used successfully. The pigments which are added to the mixture for possible color treatment of the surface should be as chemically and optically stable as possible. Most suitable are oxides of some metals, especially iron, chromium, cobalt, titanium etc.

In addition to the aforementioned components, some other additives may be added to the flooring compositions according to the invention in relatively small amounts, depending on the desired properties with respect to the intended functional purpose of the flooring. These include various colorants for the appearance of the coating or surface layer, stabilizers against the effects of ultraviolet radiation (substances that absorb UV rays), flame retardants, which can significantly increase the influence of mineral fillers on the fire resistance of the flooring, static electricity on the surface of the floor layers, and finally fungicidal additives, the purpose of which is to prevent the formation of molds, especially in coatings filled with organic fillers, such as in this case cork pulp. The most suitable of these are, for example, organic zinc, tin, salicylic or benzoic acid derivatives and the like. Known fungicides based on organic mercury compounds or chlorinated and nitrated phenols are not recommended from a health point of view. Some commonly used pigments are also fungicidal, for example based on zinc, copper and amine compounds. Acetylene liquid soot or waste of electrical conductive mixtures from the production of electric cables is used as an antistatic agent for floor coverings. However, other known and conventional compositions having these properties may also be used.

The technology of substrate preparation and application of the floor mixture itself is very simple. The basic well-dried and possibly degreased base is first coated with a common polyester primer. After drying, the floor layer of the composition according to the invention, prepared by mixing the respective components, is applied directly at the application site immediately prior to use. The thickness of the applied layer is usually in the range of 10 to 50 mm, but may be even higher, with coatings having a thickness of more than 100 mm being more preferably applied in successive layers. After hardening, a surface of approx. 2 mm of the mixture with the required color finish can be applied to the obtained flooring. The final top floor layer, after setting, can also be coated with a one-component polyurethane lacquer.

The floor coatings have a very good adhesion to all common building materials, ie concrete, steel, aluminum, xylolite, stoneware, etc., and are able to operate as early as 24 hours after laying. They are highly resilient, so they can withstand severe impacts, especially at larger thicknesses, without the risk of cracking. After deformation, they have a perfect return to their original state. They also have good thermal and acoustic insulation properties, especially when filled with porous cork pulp. They are resistant to dilute acids and alkalis, water and aliphatic hydrocarbons, i.e. gasoline, diesel, mineral oils and the like. Compositions for these coatings are preferably prepared on site using simple mixing devices.

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These properties of the floor coatings according to the invention essentially also characterize their range of possible applicability, which is very broad. A wide range of specific applications include, for example, various industrial plants, particularly engineering, chemical, repair companies, medical facilities, laboratories, catering rooms, sales rooms, cultural rooms, Skol buildings and other state institutions, and many others.

Examples:

Example 1

High impact resistant flooring

Polyurethane elastomer Waste rubber grit Cork pulp Ferric oxide 30 wt. parts 50 wt. parts 13 wt. parts 7 wt. parts 0.2 wt. part 0.1 wt. part UV stabilizer Fungicide (type Hypalon) (type VM-7) Example 2 Floors with limited flammability Polyurethane elastomer 45 wt. parts Asbestos pulp 20 wt. parts Crushed quartz - particle size 2 to 5 mm 20 wt. parts Diatomaceous earth - particle size up to 1 mm 10 wt. parts Chromium oxide 5 wt. parts Example 3 Floors with limited flammability Polyurethane elastomer 60 wt. parts Asbestos pulp 20 wt. parts Ground perlite - particle size up to 1 mm 14 wt. parts Cobalt oxide 6 wt. parts

Example 4

Polyurethane elastomer 60 wt. parts Cork drč 20 wt. parts Kieselguhr - particle size 1 to 4 mm 12 wt. parts Chromium oxide 4 wt. parts Fungicide 0.2 wt. part Acetylene liquid carbon black 0.06 wt. part

Example 5

Polyurethane elastomer Asbestos crumb

Ground perlite - particle size up to 1 mm Titanium white UV stabilizer

201 B98 wt. 25 wt. parts 13 wt. parts by weight parts 0.1 wt. part

Claims (3)

SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION Flexible floor coverings based on a mixture of polyurethane elastomers, fillers and optionally additives, characterized in that they consist of 30 to 60 wt. 20 parts to 70 parts by weight of polyurethane elastomers formed by the reaction product of polyesters and / or polyethers containing free hydroxyl groups with diisocyanates; parts of fillers selected from the group consisting of rubber crumb with particle size up to 5 mm, cork crumb with particle size up to 3 mm and asbestos fibers with a length of up to 10 mm; %, further 1 to 40 wt. parts of crushed or powdered mineral fillers having a particle size of up to 5 mm and / or pigments and optionally up to 4 wt. parts of additives from the group comprising dyes, fungicides, stabilizers, flame retardants and antistatic agents. 2. A flexible floor covering according to claim 1, characterized in that it preferably contains quartz, diatomaceous earth, marble or perlite as mineral filler. 3. A flexible floor covering according to claim 1, characterized in that it preferably contains metal oxides, in particular iron, chromium and cobalt, as pigments.