CS201073B1 - Method of preparation of the cellular agglomerated materials - Google Patents
Method of preparation of the cellular agglomerated materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CS201073B1 CS201073B1 CS317973A CS317973A CS201073B1 CS 201073 B1 CS201073 B1 CS 201073B1 CS 317973 A CS317973 A CS 317973A CS 317973 A CS317973 A CS 317973A CS 201073 B1 CS201073 B1 CS 201073B1
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- Czechoslovakia
- Prior art keywords
- fillers
- water
- weight
- polystyrene
- mixture
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 title 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920006248 expandable polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000008067 Cucumis sativus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009849 Cucumis sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000218657 Picea Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006327 polystyrene foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004616 structural foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
Description
Vynález sa týká sposobu přípravy lahčených aglomerovaných materiálov obsahujúcich speňovateTný polystyrén a plnidlá, najma piliny zo štiepok, stromová koru a rezanú slamu.The invention relates to a process for the preparation of agglomerated materials containing foamable polystyrene and fillers, in particular sawdust chips, tree bark and chopped straw.
Došky zo speňovateTného polystyrénu bez přísady plnidiel sa doteraz vyrábajú tak, že perličky predpeneného a vyzretého polystyrénu sa plnia do kovověj formy, kde parou sa dopenia a zároveň vyvinutým vnútorným tlakom zváčšených guličiek termoplastického polystyrénu sa samé zlisujú zlepia na kompaktný výrobok nízkej objemovej hmotnosti. Požaduje sa přitom, aby predpenený a vyzretý polystyrén bol tiež suchý. Nevýhodou doterajšieho sposobu přípravy bolo to, že speňovatelný polystyrén musel byť v predpenenom stave.Until now, foams of expandable polystyrene without the addition of fillers are produced by filling the pre-foamed and matured polystyrene beads into a metal mold, where the steam is foamed and, at the same time, the internal pressure of the magnified thermoplastic polystyrene beads is compressed to compact. The pre-foamed and matured polystyrene is also required to be dry. A disadvantage of the prior art process was that the foamable polystyrene had to be in a pre-foamed state.
Uvedené nedostatky odstraňuje sposob podl’a nášho vynálezu, ktorého podstata spočívá v tom, že sa k suchej zmesi speňovatelného polystyrénu v predpenenom alebo nepredpenenom stave v množstve 20 až 80 hmotnostných % a plnidiel v množstve 80 až 20 % hmotnostných sa přidává voda v množstve 5 až 50 hmotnostných % vstiahnuté na hmotnosť suchej zmesi, před alebo počas homogenizácie zmesi, vzniklá zmes sa vo formě lisovacieho stroja vyhřeje priamo přivedenou parou o tlaku 0,3 až 0,5 MPa, počas 1 až 5 minút a potom sa ochladí priamo přivedenou vodou o teplote 10 až 12 °C po dobu 5 až 20 minút a výrobok sa dostatočne suší pri teplote 20 až 40 °C.The above-mentioned drawbacks are overcome by the method according to our invention, which comprises adding to the dry foamable polystyrene mixture in a pre-foamed or non-foamed state in an amount of 20 to 80% by weight and a filler in an amount of 80 to 20% by weight. up to 50% by weight of the dry mixture, before or during the homogenization of the mixture, the resulting mixture is heated in the form of a press machine by direct supplied steam at a pressure of 0.3 to 0.5 MPa, for 1 to 5 minutes and then cooled directly by the supplied water at a temperature of 10 to 12 ° C for 5 to 20 minutes and the product is sufficiently dried at a temperature of 20 to 40 ° C.
Zistilo ša, že rdzne druhy plnidiel polystyrénové predpenené, alebo aj nepredpenené,It has been found that various types of polystyrene fillers are pre-filled or non-pre-filled,
201 073201 073
201 073 perličky možno lahko a účelne miešať za vlhka, kedy voda spdsobuje dobré prilnutie plnidiel k perličkám polystyrénu, takže vtedy sa zmes nerozvrstvuje ani pri nasýpaní do formy lisovacieho stroja. Bezvodá zmes plnidiel a speňovatel’ného polystyrénu sa pri nasýpaní roz vrstvuje a neposkytuje preto ani kvalitný výrobok. Pripúšťa sa přitom použitie vodorozpustných lepidiel, například roztoku karboxymetylcelulózy, avšak voda sama spósobuje dostatočné prilnutie plnidiel a speňovatelného polystyrénu, takže použitie přísady lepidiel by bolo nehospodáme. Sám proces přípravy je zaujímavý tým, že vo funkcii plnidiel sa takto umožňuje zužitkovat rózne druhy odpadových materiálov v rozdrobenom stave, pričom pQdiel plnidiel vo výrobku móže byť poměrně vysoký v rozmedzí 20-80 % hmotnostných, avšak s výhodou to bývá okolo 50 %. Tento podiel je závislý od tvaru, velkosti a hmotnosti plnidiel, ale tiež od poslania výrobku, ktorý sa vyžaduje. V hrubostenných výrobkoch mdžu byť použité hrubsie plnidlá, například korá, olúpaná zo stromov nožovými odkorňovačmi, ktorá je pre celulózky nepříjemným druhom odpadu, pričom je k dispozici! vo velkýoh množstváoh. Výhodou nášho sposobu přípravy aglomerovaných materiálov je, že uvedené plnidlá nemusia byť suché.The 201 073 beads can be easily and conveniently mixed in wet conditions where the water causes good adherence of the fillers to the polystyrene beads so that the mixture does not stratify even when poured into the press machine. An anhydrous mixture of fillers and foamable polystyrene is layered when poured and therefore does not provide a quality product. The use of water-soluble adhesives, for example a carboxymethylcellulose solution, is permitted, but the water itself causes sufficient adherence of the fillers and the foamable polystyrene, so that the use of the additive adhesive would not be economical. The preparation process itself is interesting in that it is possible in the function of fillers to utilize different types of waste materials in a comminuted state, wherein the proportion of fillers in the product can be relatively high in the range of 20-80% by weight, but is preferably about 50%. This proportion depends on the shape, size and weight of the fillers, but also on the mission of the product required. In thick-walled products, thicker fillers can be used, for example, peeled, peeled from the trees by knife debarkers, which is an unpleasant type of waste for pulp mills and is available! in large quantities. An advantage of our method of preparing agglomerated materials is that the fillers need not be dry.
V každom případe sa však daří takto nahradit značné množstvo polystyrénu a to vo výrobkoch len málo odlišných od vlastností výrobkov z čistého polystyrénu a to najmá v oblasti tepelnoizolačnej schopnosti, Pokial ide o cíalšie vlastnosti takýchto výrobkov, je len prirodzené, že s rastúcim obsahom plnidiel sa budú přibližovat k vlastnostiam plnidiel ; týká sa to například napúčavosti, hmotnosti, pevnosti a podobné. Lenže aj vtedy sa ešte dá využit možnosti obmedzovania nepriaznivýoh nežiadúcioh vlastnosti plnidiel před ich upotřebením. Tak sa dá obmedzovať například hořlavost, alebo navlhlost plnidiel. Mnohé nové vlastnosti sa dajú udělovat výrobkom povrchovou úpravou z jednej, či z dvoch stran. Tak možno vyrobit stavebné dieloe, kecí sa na krycie vrstvy použije heraklit, alebo minerálnovláknité došky. Tvar výrobkov mdže byť rózny nielen rovný, doskovitý. Vyrobili sa už například korpusy pre kreslá zo zmesi nepredpeneného polystyrénu a pilin zo štiepok.In any case, however, it is possible to substitute a considerable amount of polystyrene in products which are different from the properties of pure polystyrene products, especially in terms of thermal insulation properties. will approximate the properties of fillers; for example, swelling, weight, strength and the like. However, even then the possibility of limiting the unfavorable undesirable properties of the fillers before their use can still be utilized. Thus, for example, the flammability or the moisture content of the fillers can be limited. Many new properties can be given to products by surface treatment from one or two sides. Thus it is possible to produce construction parts by using heraclitum or mineral fiber that is used for the cover layers. The shape of the products can be not only straight, plate-like. For example, corpuses for armchairs have been produced from a mixture of non-foamed polystyrene and sawdust from chips.
Keáže pri uvádzanom výrobnom postupe přípravy lahčených aglomerovaných materiálov sa vyžaduje aj přítomnost vody, je len prirodzené, že plnidlá nemusia byť suché, ale móžu byt aj vlhké, skladované na volnom priestranstve. Množstvo vody v plnidláoh v podstatě nie je na závadu, lenže pri dopeňovaní sa potom spotřebuje vačšie množstvo páry a polystyrén sa vypeňuje dlhší čas, lebo třeba zohriat vačšie množstvo hmoty. Výraz '· dlhší čas představuje tu dobu 1-2 minut predíženia procesu vypeňovania speňovatelného polystyrénu. Pokial ide o mokré vláknité druhy odpadov z oalulóziek a papiemí, je radno tieto najprv odsát a upravit do hrudiek velkosti asi 3-10 mm. Suché vláknité druhy odpadov ako papien, kartón a lepenku, nutno najprv upravovat drobením a odskúšať požadovaná velkost kúskov. Vlhké druhy odpadov, prirodzené netřeba pri bmesovaní so speňovatelným polystyrénom zmácať vodou, fialším druhom odpadov móžu byť rozdrobené rastlinné odpady po zbere úrody, například kukuřičné lodyhy a oklasky, slama a iné. Ioh spoločnou výhodou bývá nízká hmotnost, pretože sú pórovité alebo duté.While the present process for preparing bottled agglomerated materials requires the presence of water, it is only natural that the fillers need not be dry, but can also be damp, stored in the open. The amount of water in the filler is essentially not a problem, but in foaming, more steam is then consumed and the polystyrene foams for a longer period of time because more mass needs to be heated. The term " longer term " represents a 1-2 minute extension of the foamable polystyrene foaming process. For wet fiber pulp and papermaking waste, it is preferable to first suck and treat the lumps to a size of about 3-10 mm. Dry fibrous types of wastes such as paper, cardboard and paperboard must first be treated by crumbling and tested for the required piece size. Wet types of waste, the natural need not be wetted with water when blended with foamable polystyrene, the violet type of waste may be crushed vegetable waste after harvesting, such as corn stalks and cucumbers, straw and others. Ioh's common advantage is low weight because they are porous or hollow.
201 073201 073
Z umělých hmot pre tieto účely prídu do úvahy najma Tahčené druhy ako pěny, huby, strukturálně pěny, žalej duté výlisky ako například trubice, ale dajú sa zužitkovat aj nelahčené typy umělých hmot po ich rozdrobení. A zase tu vystupuje výhoda, ak uvedené druhy materiálov sú priemyselným odpadom, lebo i tak sa často musia drobit a niekedy aj zničit bez ekonomického přínosu, ba obyčajne s ekonomickým zatažením výrobně.Of the plastics for this purpose, in particular, drawing types such as foams, sponges, structural foams, barrels, hollow moldings such as tubes can be used, but unexplained types of plastics can also be utilized after they are comminuted. Again, there is an advantage if these types of materials are industrial waste, because they still have to be crumbled and sometimes destroyed without economic benefit, and usually with an economic burden on the plant.
Zvláštnu výhodu majú veTkozmné plnidlá, lebo ony v násype vytvárajú medzi sebou velké dutinky. Tejto vlastnosti velkozmných plnidiel sa dá výhodné využit na vytváranie zmesi s nepredpeneným polystyrénom, ktorý potom pri vypeňovaní sa rozpíná do prázdných priestorov medzi kúskami plnidiel a spotřebuje sa pri tom pomeme málo polystyrénu, a to relativné menej než pri drobnozmnvch plnidlách.The extraordinary fillers have a particular advantage, as they form large voids in the embankment. This feature of large-scale fillers can be advantageously utilized to form a mixture with non-pre-filled polystyrene, which then expands in foaming into voids between filler pieces and consumes relatively little polystyrene, relatively less than with small-scale fillers.
Příklad č. 1Example # 1
K 12 kg smrekovej kory preosiatej sitom s otvormi 3 x 3 cm sa přidá 2 kg perličiek speňovatelného polystyrénu v nepredpenenom stave a 1 liter vody. Zmes sa dokonale premieša, zhomogenizuje v rotujúcej miešačke / bubnovéj / a potom sa naplní do kovověj formy lisovacieho stroja. Do uzavretej formy sa-pripúšťa tlaková para 0,4 MPa po dobu 2 minút a za tým studená voda z vodovodu na schladenie výrobku a to po dobu 10-15 minút podlá hrůbky výrobku. Potom sa prúd vody zastaví a uzavretý výrobok sa nechá ešte 10 minút odkvapkávať z kovověj formy. Napokon sa forma otvorí a z nej vybratý výrobok sa usuší pri izbovej teplote, alebo pri mieme zvýšenej teplote za kratší čas.2 kg of foamable polystyrene beads in an unfilled state and 1 liter of water are added to 12 kg of spruce screen sieved through a 3 x 3 cm sieve. The mixture is thoroughly mixed, homogenized in a rotating mixer and then filled into a metal die. A pressure steam of 0.4 MPa is allowed into the closed mold for 2 minutes, followed by cold tap water to cool the product for 10-15 minutes, depending on the thickness of the product. The water flow is then stopped and the sealed product is dripped from the metal mold for a further 10 minutes. Finally, the mold is opened and the product selected therefrom is dried at room temperature or at a slightly elevated temperature in a shorter time.
OABOUT
Získá sa výrobok o objemovej váhe /hmotnosti / 250 kg/m a o tepelnej vodivosti 0,0605 W/m, °C. Pevnost v ohybe je 0,8 MPa. Nasiakavost po 1 hodině ponechania vo vodě je 97 % a po 24 hodinách je 113 %.A product having a bulk density / weight / 250 kg / m and a thermal conductivity of 0.0605 W / m, ° C is obtained. The flexural strength is 0.8 MPa. The water absorption after 1 hour in water is 97% and after 24 hours is 113%.
Příklad č. 2Example # 2
K 15 kg ražnej slamy narezanej na sečku o dížke 2 cm sa přidá 6 kg predpeneného polystyrénu a 1,5 kg vody, potom sa zmes dokonale zhomogenizuje v bubnovej miešačke.To 15 kg of rye straw cut into a 2 cm chopper is added 6 kg of pre-foamed polystyrene and 1.5 kg of water, then the mixture is perfectly homogenized in a drum mixer.
Balej sa zmes nasype do kovověj formy lisovacieho stroja, připustí sa tlaková para 0,4 MPa po dobu 1,5 minúty ; za tým sa zmesný výrobok ochladí vypuštěnou studenou vodou z.vodovodu po dobu 10 minút. Ochladený výrobok sa nechá ešte 5 minút odkvapkávať uzavretý vo formě stroja. Po odkvapkaní prebytočnej vody sa vyberie z formy a dosúša sa v sklade pri izbovej teplote po dobu 7 dníoThe mixture is poured into a metal molding machine, pressurized to 0.4 MPa for 1.5 minutes; to this end, the mixed product is cooled by discharging cold tap water for 10 minutes. The cooled product is allowed to drip for 5 minutes, sealed as a machine. After dripping off excess water, it is removed from the mold and dried in a storage room at room temperature for 7 days.
Objemové hmotnost výrobku je 150 kg/m\ Tepelná vodivost je 0,0569 W/m °C. Nasiakavost po hodinovom uložení vo vodě bola 93 %, po 24 hodinovom uložení vo vodě bola nasiaklivosť 109 %.The bulk density of the product is 150 kg / m < 2 >. The thermal conductivity is 0.0569 W / m < 0 > C. The water absorption after one hour in water was 93% and after 24 hours in water the water absorption was 109%.
Příklad S. 3Example S. 3
K 15 kg pilin vytriedených zo štiepok na varenie buničiny sa přidá 15 kg predpeneného polystyrénu, 1,5 litra vody a zmes sa zhomogenizuje v bubnovej miešačke. Potom sa zmes nasype do kovověj formy stroja, forma sa uzavrie a vpustí sa do nej tlaková para 0,4 MPa po dobu 2 minúty.To 15 kg of sawdust separated from the pulp cooking chips, 15 kg of pre-foamed polystyrene, 1.5 liters of water are added and the mixture is homogenized in a drum mixer. The mixture is then poured into the metal mold of the machine, the mold is sealed and pressurized to 0.4 MPa for 2 minutes.
201 073201 073
Po vypěnění polystyrénu sa vpustí do formy prúd studenej vody z vodovodu po dobu 15 minut. Íalších 10 minut sa nechá výrobok vo formě odkvapkávať od prebytočnej vody než sa z formy vyberie. Vybratý výrobok zo stroja sa dopraví do sušiame, kde sa dosuší pri teplote 30 °C.After foaming the polystyrene, a stream of cold tap water is injected into the mold for 15 minutes. The product in the mold is allowed to drip from excess water for an additional 10 minutes before being removed from the mold. The removed product from the machine is transported to a drying oven and dried at 30 ° C.
OABOUT
Získá sa výrobok o objemovej hmotnosti 180 kg/m a o tepelnej vodivosti 0,0569 W/m °C. Pevnost v ohybe má 0,9 MPa. Nasiakavosť po 1 hodinovom uložení vo vodě je 95 %, po 24 hodinách 110 %.A product having a bulk density of 180 kg / m < 2 > and a thermal conductivity of 0.0569 W / m < 0 > C is obtained. The flexural strength is 0.9 MPa. Absorption after 1 hour in water is 95%, after 24 hours 110%.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS317973A CS201073B1 (en) | 1973-05-04 | 1973-05-04 | Method of preparation of the cellular agglomerated materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS317973A CS201073B1 (en) | 1973-05-04 | 1973-05-04 | Method of preparation of the cellular agglomerated materials |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CS201073B1 true CS201073B1 (en) | 1980-10-31 |
Family
ID=5371121
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS317973A CS201073B1 (en) | 1973-05-04 | 1973-05-04 | Method of preparation of the cellular agglomerated materials |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CS (1) | CS201073B1 (en) |
-
1973
- 1973-05-04 CS CS317973A patent/CS201073B1/en unknown
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