CS200075B1 - Piping junction - Google Patents

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a branch pipe for connecting or splitting a flow of medium from one main pipe to two or more branch pipes in which a ball is used as the base support element and the individual pipes are connected to the ball by rotary shells without stiffeners.

Previously known spherical taps of hydro and pumped storage power stations, designed for high pressures and large pipe diameters, were originally designed so that at the point of connection of the pipe to the balls the spherical shell was reinforced by massive flanges into which the pipe was connected. In order to account for the membrane action of the spherical shell, a sufficiently large spherical surface had to be formed between the flanges so that a large diameter sphere had to be used for a given pipe diameter, adversely affecting the hydraulic (aerodynamic) characteristics of the branch. Therefore, further rectifier constructions (plates) have been introduced into the support system, which improves the hydraulic conditions.

With the development of new computational methods and advances in production technology, the supporting spherical surface between pipes dwindled and the massive flanges were replaced on the ball by continuously connected conical rings (collars) forming the transition between the spherical shell and the cylindrical shell of the branching pipes. The built-in, rectifying, hydraulically suitable design has been abandoned. When the axes of the branching pipes are directed towards the center, they form balls

200 075

200 070 transition limo · straight taper shells. By directing the branch pipes so that they intersect off the center of the ball, in the direction of the main pipe, at an otherwise equal ratio of the branch pipes and ball diameters, a smaller opening angle between the axes of the two branches is achieved.

On the contrary, however, the more complicated collars of the overhanging cones are formed, which in this case are formed by a skirt of cones delimited to the axis by oblique cuts. In both of the above embodiments, the diaphragm stress of the spherical, conical and cylindrical surfaces is violated at the point where the cones on the ball, the cones between the eeb (if the transition is more than one cone) and the last cone to the valleys are joined. This is particularly unsuitable for dynamically stressed taps. There is also a risk of current leakage from the wall, vortex formation and cavitation in these areas.

The aforementioned disadvantages of spherical taps are avoided in taps according to the invention, in which the ducts are connected to the ball by means of collars formed by part of the annular plane.

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By reducing the voltage peaks at the transition point, the material of the other coupler parts can be better used to achieve weight savings or expand the foam using this type of tap to higher operating pressure areas. At the same time, more hydraulically advantageous ratios are achieved by a smooth transition of the inner couplings of the coupler. Technologically, the contact area of the individual components of the coupler is easily accessible on both sides, both for production and for inspection.

The pipe coupler according to the invention is illustrated by way of example in a characteristic cross-section in the accompanying drawing.

The pipe coupler consists of a spherical coupler 1, to which the individual branch pipes 21, 22 are connected by a transition portion formed by the surface of the anulolds 31.

Claims (1)

A pipe branch formed by a spherical shell and transition portions for connection to branch pipes is characterized in that the transition portion for connecting the ball to the branches and 1 possible transition portion between the branches is formed by the surface of anulolds (31, 32).