CS199646B2 - Manufacturing method of curved shape rubber hoses and equipment for execution of this methos - Google Patents

Abstract

Curvilinear rubber hose sections are mfd. by feeding a succession of abutting hollow and flexible mandrels to rubber extruders, sepg. the mandrels from each other, bending them to the required curvilinear configuration and vulcanising the rubber. - The hoses are used for radiator water cooling hoses. Manual operation in hose mfr. is reduced to min.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing curved rubber hoses and apparatus. for carrying out the method, which comprises an extruder, a cutting device for the. separating the extruded parts, a longitudinally curved extrusion mandrel and a vulcanizing device.

Curved rubber hoses, i.e. hoses with a curved longitudinal axis, are most commonly used in engine construction, but also in other machines to transfer fluids from one part of the machine to the other. parts. second. Curved rubber hoses have. the basic advantage that. are. and so there are. can also be used where there is little mutual. movements between machine parts that are connected by a hose. Rubber. hoses. Yippee. imparting their curved shape to vulcanization to maintain the shape. throughout its lifetime. The curvature is most often formed at a relatively large angle and at a small length of the hose that has to be. enter a narrow space.

The completion of such curved rubber hoses is carried out in such a way that a second extruder and a textile wrapping machine are formed in the extruder, to which the second extruder is associated. hollow strand, which is cut to length by the cutting device. These separated hollow strand pieces are manually pulled onto the mandrels after cooling and inserted into the. vulka2 nizačního. equipment. In the vulcanizer, the strand sections are vulcanized. on thorns in. a predetermined position. and with a corresponding curvature. The completion of curved pieces by this procedure requires a large amount of manual. work, which makes this. method . too expensive.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide such a process for making curved hose pieces in which:. automatic piece placement could be successful. hoses for mandrels and. preferably also download. pieces of tubing curved during vulcanization,. could be done without manual work.

This one. the task is solved. .from. making curved hoses. by. of the invention, whose essence. is that it is. a greater number of flexible spines. places in a row behind. . with you. so that the front. The individual thorns are reversed. to each other, and this series of thorns. is wrapped with rubber. or a rubber mixture in. in the form of a cord, then. with each individual. thorn along with. a rubber compound applied thereto. separates from. other series. of thorns and from the rope, whereupon each individual thorn. . together with applied. rubber. mixture into a desired shape, as follows. . bent thorn up. v. in this position and the rubber mixture is vulcanized.

By positioning the extruder ''

1SS848 extrudes a hollow strand or hollow tubular formation, in front of a series of individual flexible mandrels which are stacked on their faces, the extruded strand or tubular formation is progressively threaded onto the row of mandrels and envelops their perimeter, 2. The method of claim 1, wherein a hollow formation extends from the extrusion device and is threaded onto a series of flexible mandrels each having a length corresponding to the length of the finished piece of curved hose. After such a stringing, only the hose strand or formation has to be split so that the hose formation is cut or sliced at a separation point between the two faces of two adjacent flexible mandrels, thereby splitting the hose formation into individual pieces of curved hose. This procedure avoids the laborious manual work that was necessary in the prior art because no other method of putting the pieces of tubing on the mandrels than the manual one was known. This also eliminates the need to cool the strand, which was previously also necessary for the manual work to be carried out. In the process according to the invention, the hot tubular formation on the mandrels can be moved without lowering the temperature to the vulcanizer in which it obtains the desired final shape in the mandrel position. The following operation, which can be performed even automatically, is simplified: The flexible mandrels can be adapted to the front of the talk so that parts of the retaining device can be inserted into these fronts by which the flexible mandrels are retained and bent together The holding device may be guided through the vulcanizing device. In particular, the holding parts are made up of several parts and can be mounted by the machine on the end faces of the mandrels, whereupon the holding parts are tilted to engage each other at the end of the tilting movement and locked or otherwise fixed to each other could be mechanically deployed on the transport mechanism.

This solution also eliminates the difficult human work in its entirety from this part of the production process. In addition, this treatment gives the possibility to handle the hot mandrels and hose assemblies also manually without causing adverse effects and difficulties during manual handling.

In carrying out the process of the invention, the rubber-coated mandrels may still be wrapped with stiffening yarns and then with an additional layer of rubber composition before the individual pieces are cut. Reinforced rubber hoses can be produced by this modification of the process of the invention.

The rubber layers are suitable to be degassed when applied to the mandrels and then dried in a further operation. Thereafter, there is no need to pressurize and obtain a sequence of operations that is simpler and smoother.

The removal of the mandrels is preferably performed by means of compressed air which is introduced between the mandrel surface and the inside of the vulcanized rubber hose; Compressed air causes the rubber hose to move away from the darkness and thus to separate. It is also expedient if the mandrel is simultaneously formed so that compressed air can be introduced into the interior of the mandrel, from where it can penetrate the mandrel wall to various locations on the mandrel surface, whereupon the hose wall can be lifted and removed from the mandrel surface. According to another preferred embodiment, the mandrel can be formed so that it can be connected to a vacuum device, by which air is pumped from the interior of the mandrel and the mandrel changes its shape and shrinks or shrinks its volume so that the stored piece of hose can then be easily removed.

The invention also provides a device for producing a curved rubber hose, which is provided with an extruder, a separating device for separating the extruded hose, curved mandrels and a vulcanizing device, the mandrels being arranged in a row with their faces facing each other and are flexible and the device is provided with a control device for controlling the operation of the separating device and bringing it to a point between the faces of two adjacent mandrels, the vulcanizing device having retaining elements for holding the curved mandrels together with pieces of hose mounted on the mandrels and means for transporting the retaining elements .

With this device it is possible to produce curved pieces of hose very quickly, simply and with a minimum amount of manual work. The extruder can consist of two or even three extruders between which a device for wrapping extruded tubular structures with textile fibers and yarns is positioned so that they can be manufactured. reinforced hoses.

Preferably, a mandrel magazine is placed in front of the mandrel feeding device to the extruder.

In order for the cutting device to function perfectly and not to damage the mandrels, it is advantageous to place in the area of the cutting device means for separating a pair of spaced-apart mandrels in the hose apart. For example, this may be a clamp displaced by the hydraulic forces acting on the last mandrel, which moves at a slightly faster rate than the other darkness in the hose, so that there is a space between the last and penultimate mandrel to accommodate the cutting means. without having to come into contact with the mandrel. In this case, the hose can be slightly stretched at the point of separation or only the mandrel inside the hose, i.e. slightly, can be pulled out of the hose.

According to a preferred arrangement of the device according to the invention, a conveying device, in particular a chute, is arranged downstream of the cutting device, by means of which the cut off hose pieces and the mandrels still located inside the hose pieces are fed to the vulcanization device.

Before being inserted into the vulcanizer, the mandrels 1 with the hoses on their surface must be shaped to the required curved shape. The shaping can be carried out manually. one worker puts the wedges of the holding means on both. the end faces of the mandrels such that after their mounting, the mandrel can be bent together by the two holding means parts. with a piece of hose that is threaded on the mandrel without the worker. had to come. in contact with a hot mandrel or hot hose. Finally, in this bending operation, the two parts of the retaining means are connected to each other, for example by a snap connection, and then the assembly is placed on the conveying device which leads it to the vulcanization device. The manual work of bending the mandrels is very simple, as opposed to the previously laborious pulling of the mandrels from the curved hose pieces.

Work can go further. simplify that bending of mandrels can be done automatically. The device according to the invention may be provided with a device for gripping, bending and clamping the end faces of the mandrels together with the pieces of hose threaded on their surface onto the holding means. This device can be designed quite simply: it is provided with two movable holders which are adapted to engage two parts of the holding means which, by means of its fastening, are inserted into the front side. of thorn. Since the holder is pivotable, the retaining means parts can be rotatably arranged so that at the end of the pivoting process they are guided at their ends and the holding together can be achieved by a snap connection. With this device the mandrels can be prepared in a bent and locked position for further transport to the vulcanizer.

According to a further feature of the invention, the vulcanizer has a device for removing mandrels from the interior of the hose pieces. The removal of the mandrels can advantageously be carried out by means of compressed air.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The invention is illustrated in detail with reference to the drawings, in which: FIG. 1 shows a general arrangement of the device in plan view; FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section through a mandrel; Fig. 4A shows the arrangement of a plurality of mandrels prior to being introduced into the mandrel-catching device, bending them and clamping the end faces of the mandrels; Fig. 4B of the device of Fig. 4A; during a release process in which the hose pieces separate from the mandrel surface.

From the mandrel container 1, the mandrels 3 are fed via conveyor belts 2 to the inlet of the extruder to be in successive contact with each other at their ends, the extruder providing the surface of the row of consecutive mandrels 3 with a continuous hose. The extruder consists of a first extruder 6 which extrudes the rubber mixture into an extruder head 5 in which a continuous hose is formed. In the extrusion head 5, a series of mandrels 3, which are arranged closely one after the other and whose front faces are stacked thereon, are surrounded by a rubber compound layer 4 in the form of a continuous hollow cord or hose. The reinforcing device 7, located behind the extrusion head 5, is provided with a textile reinforcement layer 4 of the rubber mixture. Thereafter, a series of mandrels 3 provided with a rubber compound layer 4 and reinforcement is passed through a second extrusion head 8 for extruding hoses, which is connected to a second extruder 9. A second layer of rubber compound in the form of a hose is applied here. A displacement device 10 may be disposed within the extruder to move the row of mandrels 3 with the rubber mixture layer 4 further. A separating device 11 is located downstream of the extruder; dividing the hose into individual pieces. the discrete pieces then fall by the chute 12 into the forming device 13, by which the mandrels 3 are gripped, bent to the desired shape and clamped by their front sides between pairs of holders 14. Together with the holders 14, they are then supported on a belt conveyor 15. At the end of the vulcanizing device 16 there is a device 17 for removing the mandrels 3 from. hoses from which the mandrels 3 are discharged by a conveyor 18 into the container 1. and the holders 14 are guided by the return conveyor 19 into the forming device 13 for further gripping, bending and clamping the further mandrel 3.

Each mandrel 3 is made of a flexible material. On both ends it is provided with a cone 31 with a conical recess 32. These cone-shaped recesses 32 are used to engage the mandrels 3. In the region of the front extensions 31, channels 33 extend from the conical recesses 32 leading to the surface of the extensions. 33 serves for supplying compressed air under the inner surface of the rubber compound layer 4 at the end of the molding process in order to facilitate removal of the mandrels 3. In the middle part thereof, the mandrel is preferably designed so that they can collapse their walls and reduce their volume to facilitate removal of the mandrels 3 from the finished curved hose pieces.

pieces of butyl rubber hoses with metal cores are used as pins. The core has sleeves at both ends, between which either a metal spiral or rings inserted or hinged pipe pieces are inserted. During the extrusion period, the mandrels have a rectilinear axis. First, after separating the individual spines from each other, the spines bend.

FIG. 3 shows a separation device. For separation, the two last spines 3 on which a continuous layer 4 of the rubber mixture is formed are spaced apart. zoomed out. A tube 20, in which the rod 21 is located, is inserted into the last mandrel 3 for removal. Both the tube 20 and the rod 21 are provided at their ends with openable support elements 22, which are inserted into the tapered recess 32 of the mandrels 3. of the tubes 20 relative to the rod 21, while simultaneously supporting the open support elements 22 against the bottom of the conical recesses 32, the two spikes 3 may be displaced one behind the other so that a gap is formed between their end faces 34 into which the knife of the separating device 11 can enter.

Figures 4A and 4B show the operations for gripping, bending and clamping the mandrels 3, in particular the end faces 34 of the mandrels 3. between the holders 14 of the forming device 13.

Fig. 4A shows a row of juxtaposed chuck pieces 23 for sliding 12. The two holders 14A, 14B, guided by the molding device 13, slide from the sides into the conical recesses 32 of the mandrels · 3 with their conical projections 25a. will capture them. Then, the two holders 14A, 14B are moved by the molding device 13 as shown in FIG. 4B, with the ends of the holders 14A, 14B that are

Claims (11)

SUBJECT A method of manufacturing rubber hoses of curved shape,. characterized in that the desired number of individual flexible mandrels abutting each other with their end faces in a continuous sequence is surrounded by a rubber mixture in a cord-shaped strand, then each individual mandrel is s. Cutting the rubber compound surrounding it from the strand, each individual mandrel with the rubber composition having the shape of the hose on it is bent to the desired shape, the bent mandrel is attached and vulcanized in the bent shape. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that, before cutting, the spines surrounded by the rubber mixture are surrounded by reinforcing fibers and then by a second layer. rubber. 3. A method according to claim 1, wherein the rubber layers are degassed and dried before being applied to the mandrel surface. 4. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that between a piece of hose produced by vulcanization. and the mandrel introduces compressed air to separate the rubber hose from the mandrel. 5. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mandrel is connected to an air exhaust device for shrinking and reducing the mandrel volume. 6. Apparatus for carrying out a method for producing rubber hoses according to Claims 1 to 5, comprising an extruder, a separating device for splitting a continuous hose extruded by the extruder, a mandrel bending molding device and a vulcanizing device, characterized in that it is provided with a opposite to the ends with the conical protrusions 25, they move together and the mandrel 3 with the piece of hose 23 begins to deform into a bent shape, with both protrusions 25 snapped into the recesses 32 on the ends. of thorns that are so held. Using a device (not shown):. then it moves the holders 14 onto a belt conveyor 15, which feeds them to the vulcanizer 16. After ending . The vulcanization with the brackets 14 is removed and the mandrels 3 must be removed from the pieces 23 of the hoses 24 of their walls 24 and the supports 26, which are equipped with a vacuum line 27, are inserted into the conical recesses 32- opening at the ends of the abutments 26, by means of which a negative pressure is created inside the mandrel 3. The struts 28 are further provided with a conduit 28 for supplying compressed air, which. The wall 24 of the finished hose piece 23 is lifted in the region of the end pieces 31 by the action of compressed air. By this combined action, the wall 24 is lightly formed. it separates from the surface of the mandrel 3 and the mandrel can be easily removed. It is expedient that when the mandrels 3 are removed, the abutments 28 are inserted into both front sides of the mandrels 3. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION legal belts (2) for feeding a series of mandrels (3) stacked in contact with each other with their fronts into an extruder, behind which is a separating device (11) with a control device for inserting the separating tool between the faces of two adjacent mandrels (3) which are flexible, wherein the vulcanizer (16) is provided with holders (14) for holding the mandrels (3) in a curved shape together with a piece of hose mounted on the mandrel surface (3) ) and the conveyor means for transporting the brackets (14). Device according to Claim 6, characterized in that it is in front of a conveyor belt device. (2) for feeding the mandrels (3) to the. · An extruder · a magazine (1) for mandrels ·, 3) is placed. Device according to Claims 6 and 7, characterized in that a system of means for separating the front sides of the two is arranged in the region of the separating device (11). last thorns (3) · apart,. comprising in particular a tube (20) with a rod (21) and supporting elements (22). . Device according to Claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the separating device (11) is provided with a means of transporting the mandrels, in particular a chute (12). 10. Equipment. according to claim 6, characterized in that the forming device (13) is adapted to grip the mandrels (3), to curl the flexible mandrels (3) together with the rubber mixture layer (4) and to clamp the fronts (34) of the mandrels (3) ) between the holders (14) provided with the forming device (13). 199846 · ', - · 10 Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized by a device (17) for removing the mandrels (31) in that, behind the vulcanizing device (16), it consists of pieces of curved hoses. 2 sheets of drawings «• verografi ·, n. P., Xávod 7, Most