CN88102119A - A kind of wound rotor asynchronous motor and manufacture method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of wound rotor asynchronous motor and manufacture method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN88102119A
CN88102119A CN88102119.9A CN88102119A CN88102119A CN 88102119 A CN88102119 A CN 88102119A CN 88102119 A CN88102119 A CN 88102119A CN 88102119 A CN88102119 A CN 88102119A
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ring
motor
conflux
starting
rotor
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CN1006671B (en
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赵大安
王殿君
于跃满
宋常立
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JIUZHAI CEMENT MILL YINKOU
LIAONING INSTITUTE OF ENERGY RESOURCES
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JIUZHAI CEMENT MILL YINKOU
LIAONING INSTITUTE OF ENERGY RESOURCES
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Abstract

A kind of wound rotor asynchronous motor and manufacture method the invention belongs to wound rotor asynchronous motor.
The invention provides a kind of no slip ring, brush, need not starting equipment, there is not the such complicated circuit of three-phase half controlled bridge yet, but wound rotor asynchronous motor with start-up function, it is that the circuit that is referred to as current collecting bridge of the similar rectifier bridge that makes by the support of routine, stator, wound rotor, centrifugal short-circuit switch and with rectifying tube and A3 steel disc one class magnetic conductive material is made, not only available less starting current produces bigger starting torque, and the mechanical property of persevering torque in whole starting process.

Description

The invention belongs to wound rotor asynchronous motor.
Present widely used wound rotor asynchronous motor all is slip ring, the brush by rotor-side, and cable, resistor or auxiliary devices such as frequency sensitive trheostat, contactor that junctor is outer make motor reduce starting current, and the increase starting torque is started.This has not only increased between the investment, floor space, brush-slip ring of entire equipment and the power consumption on the cable, and because friction and galvanic corrosion between brush-slip ring are easy to break down, has increased maintenance cost and man-hour.
Japan Patent " spy opens clear 52-33014 " is at the problems referred to above, in the invention of its " induction motor of tape starting circuit ", proposed to fall the shaft extension end of slip ring and brush, the starting device of three-phase half controlled bridge circuit of packing into as motor at such motor rotor side-draw.There are following three major defects in this scheme
1. because three gate circuit transistor gate control signals in the three-phase half controlled bridge are very responsive, therefore it is very much strict three trigger simultaneous phase-shifting control signals being required, this increases certain difficulty not only for debugging work, and because the performance such as the temperature coefficient of each electronic component, differences such as aging rate, motor than long-time running under the bad working environments in, three gate pole triggers are difficult to guarantee output simultaneous phase-shifting signal, just be difficult to also guarantee that the angle of flow of three thyristors equates, thereby can cause the unbalanced operation of motor, produce vibrations and noise, influence the mechanical performance of motor.
From voltage and frequency all the rotor winding circuit that constantly changes, the control signal itself of extracting three-phase half controlled bridge is exactly the circuits for triggering that link is more, add and prevent than the interference protection measure in the strong-electromagnetic field, the link of accident point is increased, be difficult to debugging and maintenance, certainly will influence the stability of motor.
3. three-phase half controlled bridge not only works in motor starting procedure, and three-phase half controlled bridge is in the normal circuit that is connected the rotor winding all the time in service of motor, and the electric current in the rotor has produced a part of very important power consumption by the thyristor forward resistance, just reaches 1.2 kilowatts as this power consumption estimation value with 130 kilowatts of motor of JR125-6 type.
The objective of the invention is to avoid above-mentioned weak point of the prior art, and a kind of no slip ring is provided, brush and attached starting equipment also need not the such complicated circuits of three-phase half controlled bridge, but have the wound rotor asynchronous motor and the manufacture method thereof of start-up function.
1. the architectural feature of wound rotor asynchronous motor of the present invention is as follows:
Motor of the present invention is mainly made through special debuging by support, stator, wound rotor, three-phase current collecting bridge and the centrifugal short-circuit switch that has a normally opened contact
1. support, stator, wound rotor can be taken from JR(or YR) motor of series or similar series, also can design voluntarily routinely:
2. insulation stent is fastened on motor and takes down the shaft extension end of slip ring and brush and with its rotation, the annex of fastening rectifying tube, centrifugal short-circuit switch and conflux ring is arranged on it;
3. select forward mean current rating value 〉=rotor load current value I for use 2N1.35 times, the specified peak value of back voltage 〉=rotor load voltage value V 2NTwo times, three pairs of electric semiconductor rectifying tubes that can under motor rotates operating mode, move, each positive one anti-rectifying tube of settling is formed a phase, every mutually in the positive pole of a pipe link to each other with the negative pole of another pipe, become a phase exit of current collecting bridge; One of the two poles of the earth and conflux ring the two poles of the earth in mutually link to each other in addition;
4. the conflux ring is the circuit of the closed or non-closure made with the magnetic conductive material, the terminals that three pairs of symmetrical distributions are arranged on it, every pair is a phase, each middle mutually corresponding terminals is anodal, another is a negative pole, and them and link on the electrode of corresponding rectifying tube, the identical conflux ring of several installation dimensions is formed one group, and the AC resistance r between positive terminals and next negative terminals mutually of a phase in each conflux ring ～At current value is 3I 2NCondition under record equate and the r of each conflux ring ～Value is equably from 0.7r St, change to 1.5r St, wherein
r st＝〔r 2 1+（X 1+σ 1X 2K iK u） 2〕 /K iK uσ 1（1）
R in the formula 1, X 1Resistance and leakage reactance for stator side; X 2Be the leakage reactance of rotor winding, σ 1=1+ (X 1)/(X m), X mBe excitatory induction reactance; K i, K uBe electric current and voltage ratio.At " electric machine theory and operation " first volume of volumes such as Tang Yun CHYOU, hydraulic and electric engineering publishing house, (19-11) formula of the 333rd page has r in the nineteen eighty-three version (being called for short " soup book " down) StExplanation; The D.C. resistance r of correspondent section ρShould be at r ～0.28～0.66 times between;
2. wound rotor asynchronous motor of the present invention is because the difference of use occasion, load is again diversified, motor intrinsic parameter dispersiveness is also very big, therefore all be furnished with one group of conflux ring that installation dimension is identical, specification is different with the current collecting bridge that motor is formed, transposing conflux ring just can satisfy the requirement of the starting characteristic of mechanical load.Its manufacture method is as follows:
The first step assembles support, stator, rotor etc. routinely, and mechanical load actual or simulation is received on the motor;
Second step order is fastened to rectifying tube, centrifugal short-circuit switch on the insulation stent, according in the structrual description 3., 5. described mode connected between the rectifying tube and rectifying tube and centrifugal short-circuit switch between line.Again insulation stent is fastened on the motor reel of rotor winding lead-out wire one side, simultaneously rotor winding lead-out wire is received on the terminals of centrifugal short-circuit switch.
The 3rd step made the material of conflux ring and can use A 3Steel, silicon steel or other magnetic conductive material, it is better to be chosen in all big material of conductance, magnetic permeability and coercive force under the exchange status of 50 hertz of frequencies, adopts A 3Steel is comparatively cheap; Used material can be the material of sheet material, web, section bar or other shape; The conflux ring can be made closed or inc ring shape, polygon, annular, rotating cylinder even vertical bar shaped or other Any shape all can; If survey r ～Value hour, can with folding around way increase the effective length of encircling between the two neighboring pole and maybe ring made the way of multi-turn shape and increased r ～Reduce the method r of conflux loop circuit conductive cross-sectional area ～Often only can increase r ρAnd can not increase r ～, even reduce r ～, can make the mechanical property deliquescing of motor;
The 4th step was selected r from conflux ring group ～The ring that value is maximum at first is installed on the insulation stent, according in the structrual description 1 3., 4. described mode is connected with rectifying tube;
Starting test is made in the energising of the 5th step, measures starting torque T with customary method StVariation and stator side starting current I StVariation, whether reach the starting per unit value of regulation, whether change r with decision ～The less conflux ring of value remakes test;
If the 6th step changed mechanical load or changed stator, rotor, also must change the debugging of conflux ring, to reach the T of regulation StOr I StThe requirement of starting per unit value.
The junction of noting above-mentioned each circuit all should adopt under rotary condition fastening method routinely to handle, and prevents loosening and reduces contact resistance, can make the every phase r of three-phase current collecting bridge ～The variation of value remains poised state, and motor just can have been finished infinitely level and smooth starting.
The present invention this shows that the method for changing the conflux ring has just played the effect that changes the initial angle of flow of thyristor in the three-phase half controlled bridge starting circuit again, perhaps changes the effect of different frequency sensitive trheostats in slip ring motor is arranged.
For the start-up function of motor of the present invention is described, at first the function to its critical component three-phase current collecting bridge is described below:
Because forming the main circuit of three-phase current collecting bridge is the conflux ring, it is made by the magnetic conductive material, therefore as alternating current during by the conflux ring, except its D.C. resistance r ρOutside ohm heat power consumption that produces, also will on the conflux ring, produce eddy current power consumption and remagnetization power consumption owing to the alternating magnetic field that alternating current produces.The two kinds of power consumptions in back also all are transformed into heat, so can use equivalent ohmic resistance r jAnd r mRepresent.Because it is big more to flow through the alternating current spoke value of conflux ring, the change frequency of interchange is big more, corresponding two equivalent ohmic resistance r jAnd r mAlso big more, so the resistance (r of conflux ring j+ r m) have with the electric current spoke value that flows through on it and become the relation that is just becoming with frequency.Because the nonlinear effect of rectifying tube unilateal conduction makes the sinusoidal waveform that enters the three-phase current collecting bridge be decomposed into a lot of high order harmonic components and flows, further strengthened r again in the conflux ring jAnd r mNumerical value, total so the internal resistance of three-phase current collecting bridge present to become and become big positive relation-changing greatly with the spoke value that enters the alternating current in the bridge and frequency;
Because the three-phase current collecting bridge is a kind of bridge circuit, have the general character of bridge circuit again: i.e. the variation of the current waveform in the bridge circuit does not influence the waveform of electric current in the bridge circuit external circuit yet.Although because of the nonlinear effect of rectifying tube, in bridge circuit, produced a large amount of higher harmonic components in the event three-phase current collecting bridge, can not influence the external circuit that is connected with it.Under the situation of motor provided by the invention, the external circuit of three-phase current collecting bridge is exactly the rotor winding, the a large amount of high order harmonic components that promptly produce in the three-phase current collecting bridge can not influence the current waveform in the rotor winding yet, thereby can not make effect between motor stator and rotor be subjected to the direct interference of the high order harmonic component in the three-phase current collecting bridge yet;
Utilized the forward conduction characteristics of rectifying tube in the three-phase current collecting bridge, its forward resistance is that the increase with electric current diminishes, but the resistance of this resistance and to change all be quite little.For example, peak value by the rectifying tube electric current changes to 400 ampere-hours from 200 peaces, and the forward resistance resistance drops to 5 milliohms by 6 milliohms, and relatively should changing of conflux loop resistance is very little, therefore can think approx that it is a constant, and be integrated into the D.C. resistance r of conflux ring ρIn go.So each phase resistance r of whole current collecting bridge ～Value is by r ρ, r j, r mSum is formed, i.e. r ～=r ρ+ r j+ r m
The above, the three-phase current collecting bridge plays the variable-resistance effect that a resistance raises and increases with the circuit medium frequency in circuit.
The start-up function of motor provided by the invention is summarized as follows:
Motor is before starting, and the contact of centrifugal short-circuit switch is in normally open, so rotor winding and three-phase current collecting bridge have constituted the rotor-side circuit.When the moment of motor energising starting, during revolutional slip S=1, the electromotive force of rotating magnetic field induction in the rotor winding that stator winding produces is E 2So E 2Frequency f 2=sf 1Frequency f with power supply 1Identical, this electromotive force E 2In the rotor-side circuit, activate frequency and also be f 1Electric current I 2, and this electric current I 2Also will enter in the three-phase current collecting bridge.Press electric machine theory, because the interaction between rotor and stator will produce starting torque T mWith starting current I 2, its value can by (19-5) among " soup book " P330 and (the 19-4 formula be calculated (for convenience, reduced value has been replaced when quoting formula and gone back), then
T m= (m 1)/(Ω S) U 2 1(K iK Ur2)/(S) [(r 1+C 1K iK ur 2/S) 2+
（X 1+C 1K iK uX 2） 2〕
Figure 88102119_IMG3
（2）
I 2＝K iU 1〔（r 1+C 1K iK ur 2/S） 2+（X 1+C 1K iK uX 2） 2〕
Figure 88102119_IMG4
（3）
M in the formula 1It is the number of phases of stator; Ω sBe rotating magnetic field mechanical angle speed; U 1It is supply voltage; K i, K u, r 1, X 1, r 2, X 2And X mThese parameters are existing explanation in (1) formula.Because the rotor-side circuit comprises rotor winding and three-phase current collecting bridge, so r 2Should be the resistance r of rotor winding 20Resistance r with the three-phase current collecting bridge p+ r j+ r mSum, promptly
r 2＝r 20+r p+r j+r m
Or r 2=r 20+ (4)
By (2), (3), as seen (4) three formulas change the resistance r of three-phase current collecting bridge ρ, r jAnd r mJust can change starting torque Tm and starting current I 2Size, also promptly change material, the shape and size specification of conflux ring, adjust its resistance r ～Just can reach control starting current I 2With the effect that plays kinetic moment Tm.Press (19-11) formula of electric machine theory " soup book ", work as r 2Satisfy
r 2＝r st＝r 20+r j+r m+r ρ（5）
The time, then starting torque Tm can reach maximum of T StmBe not difficult to find out that from (5) formula the material, shape and the specification that change the conflux ring can make its resistance satisfy (5) formula.Be exactly by selecting and change the conflux ring, not only can changing starting torque T mWith starting current I 2Size, and can reach and obtain maximum starting torque T StmEffect.
Point out that by electric machine theory " soup book " be formula (19-8), if rotor-side resistance r 2Variation with revolutional slip S is satisfied
r 20+r ρ+r j+r m＝S（X 1+K iK uX 2） （6）
Formula, in whole starting process, torque all keeps maximum of T always Stm
T stm≈ (m 1U 2 1)/(2Ω S（X 1+K iK mX 2）) （7）
Get r from (5) formula 20+ r ρ+ r j+ r mCan satisfy (6) formula, because the frequency f of electric current in the rotor 2S is relevant with revolutional slip, i.e. f 2=Sf 1, also be the electric current that flows through in the rotor thereby also be the frequency f that flows through the electric current of three-phase current collecting bridge 2Also be directly proportional with revolutional slip, and the resistance r of three-phase current collecting bridge jAnd r mBe again with f 2Just becoming, so r jAnd r mAlso just become with S.D.C. resistance r ρThough directly do not change with S, because of in whole starting process, the electric current that flows through the three-phase current collecting bridge is big to little, and frequency also is descending, so the r that assembles on the conflux ring ρOhm power consumption heat, the r that produce jThe eddy current power consumption heat, the r that produce mThe remagnetization power consumption heat that produces all is descending, and since motor rotor the starting boosting velocity procedure in from slow to fast, because it but is from less to more that radiating condition constantly improves the heat that impels the conflux ring to distribute, generally speaking the temperature of conflux ring is from high to low in starting process, and the resistivity of conflux ring has positive temperature coefficient, because temperature from high to low, r ρAlso from large to small, i.e. r ρAlso reducing and diminish with S.So resistance r of current collecting bridge ～All just become with S.In general r ～Do not satisfy the requirement of (6) formula, but under the situation of the material of suitably choosing the conflux ring, shape and specification, can make r 2Near the desired variation of (6) formula, so can make motor keep substantially invariable torque in starting process always, this point is at accompanying drawing 4 torque T with the variation of S m-rotation speed n characteristic curve 1. in, be the T of 14 kilowatts of motor actual measurements of sextupole m-n curve confirms.
Because electronic parameter has certain tolerance variations or because of change has taken place in the exterior mechanical load, then need only change and r in the cheap conflux ring being easy to ～Change for suitable one, then can adapt to the requirement of new mechanical load starting characteristic again.After the motor starting raising speed, when the centrifugal short-circuit switch that rotates with the axis reaches the rotating speed of rated speed 85% to 95% at the rotating speed of motor, will closed voluntarily normally opened contact and the three-phase lead-out wire of short circuit rotor-side and the three-phase terminal of three-phase current collecting bridge, finish the transient process of starting, make motor keep intrinsic mechanical property.When motor was out of service, centrifugal short-circuit switch recovered normally open voluntarily, and rotor winding and three-phase current collecting bridge circuit are connected into path again, for the starting once more of motor is got ready.
In sum, the wound rotor asynchronous motor of band three-phase current collecting bridge starting circuit of the present invention does not need slave to carry out artificial control outward after the starting, just can produce the function of breakdown torque.
Below by the embodiment of one 14 kilowatts threephase asynchronouses, the present invention is described in further detail:
Accompanying drawing 1 is the current collecting bridge of this motor and the general assembly schematic diagram of insulation stent;
Accompanying drawing 2 is the conflux ring groups on the current collecting bridge of this motor;
Accompanying drawing 3 is this motor rotor side lumped-parameter circuit figure;
Accompanying drawing 4 is the torque T that survey in a kind of starting process of this motor m, rotation speed n characteristic curve.
The implementation process and the architectural feature of this example are as follows:
1. this example has adopted support, stator and the wound rotor of 14 kilowatts of three-phase wound rotor asynchronous motors of JR71-6 type;
2. the insulation stent of present embodiment (seeing accompanying drawing 1) is that to have its diameter of axle sleeve (1) be 86 * 14 millimeters of φ, it is 200 millimeters of φ with plectane (4) diameter that length is 72 millimeters, thickness is 8 millimeters, is the insulation stent of one with the hot pressing of non-conductive fibre resin material.Its sleeve diameter is that 58 millimeters diameters of axle with rotor winding lead-out wire side of φ match, and is fixed in the keyway with feather key; At plectane (A: the front) among the figure, have six pairs with justify that symmetric mode distributes in order to hold tight rectifying tube pole plate (2) under the arm, (3) it is 46 * 11 millimeters that the recessed length in position is taken advantage of wide, the degree of depth is two shallow slots of 5 millimeters, it is the circular hole of 6.2 millimeters of φ that two diameters that extend through the back side are arranged in each groove, two holes in the water jacket are the M6 brass screws (9) that connect rectifying tube pole plate and conflux ring (8) usefulness in order to settle, two holes in the inside groove are M6 iron screws (10) of using for another pole plate of fastening rectifying tube, make two fastening rectifying tube pole plates tightly crouch and are fixed firmly in the shallow slot of plectane.
3. according to the rotor rated current I of 14 kilowatts of motor of JR71-6 type 2N=69.0 peaces; Specified phase voltage V 2N=130 volts.It is 100 peaces that this example has been selected forward mean current rating for use, specified peak-inverse voltage is six plate rectifying tubes (7) that can move under the rotation operating mode of 400 volts, the positive/negative plate of every rectifying tube is all made with the red copper material, and its specification is 45 * 45 * 10 millimeters; Two-plate is held tight rectifying tube (the assembling schematic diagram of one group of pole plate and rectifying tube only is shown among the figure) under the arm with the iron bolt (5) of M8 * 45 millimeter that are lined with insulating material, and each pole plate is at the side inner bolt hole that all to be drilled with two hole centre-to-centre spacing be 32 millimeters M6; Per two rectifying tubes are a pair of, with being now the copper sheet of shape (6) to hold the iron bolt (5) of tight positive and negative pole plate and rectifying tube under the arm, this positive and negative pole plate to rectifying tube is connected into common terminal, and three following shape copper sheets see that (A: the front) a ' among the figure, b ' and c ' are as the three-phase terminal of three-phase current collecting bridge; Above-mentioned six rectifying tubes (7) in order an anti-normal incidence from (A: the front) each pole plate is lowered to the corresponding shallow slot of plectane (4), again from (B: the back side) with brass screw (9) and iron screw (10) fastening (as previously mentioned).
What note a bit is, the positive and negative pole plate (2) of every rectifying tube, (3), after fastening, must do withstand voltage test and dielectric(al) test in a conventional way to the dielectric strength between two-plate and the iron bolt, in case short circuit with iron bolt (5).
4. the centrifugal short-circuit switch that present embodiment adopted is an existing utility model patent (domestic applications 88210053X), it is based on having a metal slide block and two normally opened contacts that being connected mechanically arranged on a circular insulating board, rely on the effect of spring, under the action of centrifugal force of the motor speed of setting, impel the instantaneous closed or disconnection in contact of centrifugal switch.K in the accompanying drawing 4 1And K 2The normally opened contact of expression centrifugal short-circuit switch, it collapses with three-phase terminal a ', the b ' of three-phase current collecting bridge of the present invention, c ' with rotor winding three-phase lead-out wire a, b, c and is connected on three corresponding union ends, has also constituted one of feature of the present invention.Compare with Japan " spy opens clear 52-33014 " patent of invention, motor normal in service be to have moved " can't harm ".
Metal axle sleeve of center fixation at centrifugal short-circuit switch, its internal diameter matches with axle sleeve (1) external diameter in the accompanying drawing 1, on the external part of metal axle sleeve, have three symmetrical distributions M8 hold out against screw, centrifugal switch be enclosed near a side shaft cover (1) of rectifying tube go up and fastening three hold out against screw.Like this with three-phase current collecting bridge and wound rotor just structure be one.
5. conflux ring group is the A with thickness δ=1.1 millimeters 3Steel disc makes, and its internal diameter is between 80 to φ 160 millimeters of φ, and the sectional area of ring is the conflux ring group (seeing accompanying drawing 2) that nine rings of S=2.2 square millimeter constitute present embodiment.When internal diameter less than the ring after 130 millimeters of the φ, on its cylindrical, will protrude the square profile of tooth ring of the rectangle of six five equilibriums, as 1,4, No. 9 shapes, square profile of tooth ring is also with the same circular hole of going up 6.8 millimeters of the corresponding to six couples of φ in position with plectane (4) that is drilled with thereon of circular rings, conflux ring (8) is at (B: the back side) before the installation, long six, wide, thick is 46 * 12 * 5 millimeters rectangular iron gaskets, being drilled with hole centre-to-centre spacing on it is 32 millimeters, the aperture is two circular holes of 6.8 millimeters of φ, pad is between plectane (4) and conflux ring (8), use brass screw (9) to pass the fastening pole plate of rectangle pad (3) again, so just, constituted the current collecting bridge circuit, again because plectane and conflux ring have 5 mm clearance, make the two sides of conflux ring that good radiating condition all be arranged, to strengthen r ρEffect.Again with effective length between the adjacent plate (3) of adjusting the conflux ring, make r ～Value is fallen equably successively by the parameter of 14 kilowatts of motor of JR71-6 type and formula (1) and is calculated r StIn 0.7 to 1.5 times the scope of value.
6. selected mechanical load is connected with motor, and from the conflux ring group of present embodiment, picks out a r according to the type of load ～Be worth suitable conflux ring, it be fixed on (B: on the plectane back side).
7. check above-mentioned respectively go on foot errorless after, promptly carry out the starting test of foregoing transposing conflux ring.
Because brass screw (9) directly contacts the pole plate (3) of conflux ring (8) and rectifying tube, has just formed electric path, has constituted current collecting bridge; Formed the rotor winding of rotor-side, the circuit that current collecting bridge connects together, accompanying drawing 3 is exactly the lumped-parameter circuit figure of rotor-side circuit.R wherein 2a, r 2b, r 2cAnd X 2a, X 2b, X 2cBe respectively rotor winding a, each phase resistance of b, c and leakage reactance, D 1～D 6Be rectifying tube, r dAnd r oBe respectively the contact resistance between the forward internal resistance of each rectifying tube and they and current collecting bridge, r 1'～r 6' be and adjacent two rectifying tubes between the resistance of that section conflux ring because the conflux ring is to use the magnetic conductive materials A 3Steel is done, so each resistance should be direct current Ohmic resistance r ρ, eddy current power consumption equivalent resistance r jWith remagnetization power consumption equivalent resistance r mThree sums.K 1, K 2Be the normally opened contact of expression centrifugal short-circuit switch, when rotor speed is lower than set point, K 1And K 2Therefore disconnect, in starting process, the rotor-side circuit is made up of rotor winding and three-phase current collecting bridge, thereby has connected from large to small starting resistance of a resistance-be the internal resistance r of three-phase current collecting bridge at starting process rotor winding ～Thereby, improved the starting mechanical property of motor; Yet when the rotating speed of motor reaches set point, centrifugal switch action, K 1, K 2Closure makes electrical motors to rated speed; Because K 1And K 2Contact resistance almost nil, thereby, make the electric current pass through K from the rotor winding the short circuit of three-phase current collecting bridge 1And K 2Formed the closed-loop path, at this moment the rotor-side circuit has just had only rotor winding itself; In other words at the internal resistance r from large to small of three-phase current collecting bridge ～With the K switch after the closure 1, K 2The contact has formed and downlink connection, therefore any power consumption can not arranged in bridge, also can not influence the normal of motor and move.
Must emphasize once more, all should adopt in each junction of foregoing circuit at rotation operating mode fastening method routinely and handle, prevent to become flexible and reduce contact resistance.Can make the every phase r of three-phase current collecting bridge ～The variation of value remains poised state, makes the starting of motor and normal operation just can not can be affected.
In order to confirm that the present invention has and the same start-up function of motor that slip ring, brush, external frequency sensitive trheostat starting equipment are arranged really, has carried out contrast test to this.Accompanying drawing 4 is torque, rotation speed characteristic, and 1. curve is torque, the rotation speed characteristic of present embodiment; Curve is 2. for loading onto original slip ring, brush for originally executing same 14 kilowatts of motor of example, and uses the PB1 that uses with the supporting heavy-load start of this motor #The torque of-9010 type frequency sensitive trheostats, rotation speed characteristic.The equal active computer control of these two curves, precision is to test on 0.25 grade of 110 kilowatts of direct current dynamometer testing stand.1. can see that from curve the per unit value of present embodiment breakdown torque is 2.207 times, the per unit value of starting torque is 1.828 times, all greater than 1.930 times of the per unit values that records with frequency sensitive trheostat and 1.630 times.Record 2.295 times of the per unit values of the maximum starting current of embodiment simultaneously, but than much smaller with 3.290 times of frequency sensitive trheostats.According to curve 1. torque the trend of increase is arranged in starting process slightly.Press electric machine theory, change r ～The conflux ring that resistance value is slightly bigger also is expected further to improve torque, the rotary speed property of present embodiment.Only the measured curve motor of present embodiment as can be seen of 1. and 2. comparing also just now not only has start-up function, and the function that is better than the frequency sensitive trheostat starting is slightly all arranged in whole starting process.From on March 1st, 1988,14 kilowatts of motor of present embodiment replace the former 22 kilowatts of supporting squirrel-cage motor of a table grinder in certain factory, all satisfy the requirement of this ball mill on starting torque and the starting current, and ruuning situation is normal.
The present invention with also compare at the wound rotor asynchronous motor that slip ring, brush and frequency sensitive trheostat are arranged of extensive use at present, have the following advantages:
The present invention is conducive to reduce production link and uses link owing to having utilized the current collecting bridge that start-up function is arranged that is made up of the electric semiconductor rectifying tube to realize electromechanical integration;
Can eliminate the power consumption that reaches the links such as cable between slip ring and brush; Calculate with 130 kilowatts of motor, can economize on electricity about 1.5 kilowatts;
Can the minimizing accident, maintenance cost and man-hour;
The three-phase current collecting bridge is compared with costs such as slip ring, brush, cable, frequency sensitive trheostat, contactors, can save 1/5 to 4/5 one-time investment. Take 130 kilowatts of motor as example, can save about 4,000 yuan;
When mechanical load changes greatly, adopt motor of the present invention only need change cheap conflux ring, compared with changing more expensive frequency sensitive trheostat or the considerably cheaper of price;
Can save a large amount of raw material such as non-ferrous metal;
Can save floor space and the construction cost thereof of starting equipment;
Adopt wound rotor asynchronous motor of the present invention, easy and simple to handle, after motor starting or the stoppage in transit, need not remake any other operation and adjusting;
Motor r of the present invention～The variation of value almost presents the variation of pure resistance, is conducive to electronic starting; And the composition of induction reactance has been arranged in the variable of frequency sensitive trheostat reactance, thereby reduced the starting torque of motor and increased reactive loss;
Because winding-type motor has the big characteristics of torque, the MC that can replace with the littler motor of capacity the larger capacity of " low load with strong power ", thereby can improve power factor and the efficient of motor, reduce reactive loss, the potentiality of this indirect energy saving are huge, and the above embodiments are illustrations.
The present invention compares with Japan Patent " JP 52-33014 " scheme, has the following advantages:
1. do not have IGCT and complicated circuits for triggering thereof, therefore simple in structure, be easy to make, with low cost;
2. do not have weak control circuit, be not subjected to motor and outside electromagnetic interference, therefore stability is high, not easy break-down;
3. do not have complicated circuit, common electrician reads simple data, just can keep in repair and debug, and adjustment method is also very simple;
Since current collecting bridge after starting process is finished by the centrifugal switch short circuit, thereby unlike its half-controlled bridge always in the rotor-side circuit, so not only can not affect the balance movement of motor, do not have useless power consumption yet. The nearly 1.2 kilowatts power consumption of 130 kilowatts half-controlled bridge for example;
5. when the mechanical load of starting changes greatly, carry out the debugging work at the complicated initial turn-on angle that again changes IGCT, and the present invention is as long as change simply the conflux ring.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of by support, stator, wound rotor, centrifugal short-circuit switch and comprise insulation stent, the three-phase wound rotor asynchronous motor that start-up function is arranged that the current collecting bridge of rectifying tube and conflux ring is formed is characterized in that:
1. support, stator, wound rotor can be taken from the motor of JR (or YR) series or similar series, also can design routinely voluntarily;
2. insulation stent be fastened on motor take down slip ring and brush the shaft extension end and with its rotation, fastening rectifying tube is arranged, the annex of centrifugal short-circuit switch and conflux ring on it;
3. select forward mean current rating value 〉=rotor load current value I for use 2N1.35 times, the specified peak value of back voltage 〉=rotor load voltage value V 2N2 times, three pairs of electric semiconductor rectifying tubes that can under motor rotates operating mode, move, each positive one anti-rectifying tube of settling is formed a phase, every mutually in the positive pole of a pipe link to each other with the negative pole of another pipe, become a phase exit of current collecting bridge; One of the two poles of the earth and conflux ring the two poles of the earth in mutually link to each other in addition;
4. the conflux ring is the closed type made with the magnetic conductive material or the circuit of non-closure, the terminals that three pairs of symmetrical distributions are arranged on it, every pair is a phase, each middle mutually corresponding terminals is anodal, another is a negative pole, and them and link on the electrode of corresponding rectifying tube, the identical conflux ring of several installation dimensions is formed one group, and the AC resistance r between positive terminals and next negative terminals mutually of a phase in each conflux ring～at current value is 3I 2NCondition under record equate that and the r～value of each conflux ring is equably from 0.7r StChange to 1.5r St, wherein:
r st=[r 2 1+(X 1+σ 1X 2K iK u) 2] 1/2 /K iK uσ 1
The D.C. resistance r of correspondent section ρShould r～0.28～0.66 times between;
5. centrifugal short-circuit switch is fixed on the insulation stent, and it has two normally opened contacts and three terminals, and these three terminals in turn are connected with three terminals of rotor winding lead-out wire a, b, c and current collecting bridge.
2, a kind of method that is used to debug the described motor of claim 1 is characterized in that:
1. the first step assembles support, stator, rotor etc. routinely, and mechanical load actual or simulation is received on the motor;
2. second step was fastened to rectifying tube, centrifugal short-circuit switch on the insulation stent in proper order, by in the claim 1 3., 5. described mode connected between the rectifying tube and rectifying tube and centrifugal short-circuit switch between line, again insulation stent is fastened on the motor reel of rotor winding lead-out wire one side, simultaneously rotor winding lead-out wire is received on the terminals of centrifugal short-circuit switch;
3. the material of making the conflux ring can use A the 3rd step, steel, silicon steel or other magnetic conductive material, and it is better to be chosen in all big material of conductance, magnetic permeability and coercive force under the exchange status of 50 hertz of frequencies, employing A 3Steel is comparatively cheap; Used material can be the material of sheet material, web, section bar or other shape; The conflux ring can be made closed or inc garden cast, polygon, garden annular, rotating cylinder shape even vertical bar shaped or other Any shape all can; If survey r ～Value hour, can with folding around way increase the effective length of encircling between the two neighboring pole and maybe ring made the method for multi-turn shape and increased r ～, the method that reduces conflux loop circuit conductive cross-sectional area often only can increase r ρAnd can not increase r ～, even reduce r ～;
4. the 4th step was selected r from conflux ring group ～The ring that value is maximum at first is installed on the insulation stent, and by in the claim 1 3., 4. described mode is connected with rectifying tube;
5. starting test is made in the energising of the 5th step, measures starting torque T with customary method StVariation and stator side starting current I StVariation, whether reach the starting per unit value of regulation, whether also need change r with decision ～Less conflux ring is done experiment again;
If 6. the 6th step changed mechanical load or changed stator, rotor, also need change the debugging of conflux ring, to reach the T of regulation StAnd I StThe requirement of starting per unit value.
3, according to the described motor of claim 1, it is characterized in that using the plate rectifying tube of the red copper pole plate that increases the thermal shock absorbability, also used and used A 3The conflux ring of the tabular garden ring that steel disc makes is adjusted r with the size that changes external diameter in it ～And r ρResistance, and the hole, fixedly garden that is drilled with symmetrical distribution thereon is as terminals.
4, according to the described motor of claim 1, it is characterized in that said insulation stent is a tabular garden ring that has the hot pressing non-conductive fibre resin of axle and keyway, rectifying tube and centrifugal short-circuit switch are fastened on the one side, with the brass screw and the pad that run through this garden ring, both the conflux ring was fastened on its opposite side, and 5 millimeters spacing is arranged with it, again the conflux ring is connected on the electrode of rectifying tube.
CN 88102119 1988-04-23 1988-04-23 Winding type asynchronous motor and its manufacturing method Expired CN1006671B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 88102119 CN1006671B (en) 1988-04-23 1988-04-23 Winding type asynchronous motor and its manufacturing method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 88102119 CN1006671B (en) 1988-04-23 1988-04-23 Winding type asynchronous motor and its manufacturing method

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CN88102119A true CN88102119A (en) 1988-12-21
CN1006671B CN1006671B (en) 1990-01-31

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994026016A1 (en) * 1993-04-27 1994-11-10 Mingyuen Law Multi-rotor a.c. electrodynamic device
CN101621231B (en) * 2008-06-30 2014-03-05 通用电气公司 Apparatus and method for removing slip rings from rotating electrical machinery

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000232745A (en) * 1999-02-10 2000-08-22 Toshiba Kyaria Kk Compressor motor

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994026016A1 (en) * 1993-04-27 1994-11-10 Mingyuen Law Multi-rotor a.c. electrodynamic device
US5708314A (en) * 1993-04-27 1998-01-13 Law; Mingyuen Multi-rotor A.C. electric drive device
CN1038550C (en) * 1993-04-27 1998-05-27 罗明远 Many rotors AC electrical device
CN101621231B (en) * 2008-06-30 2014-03-05 通用电气公司 Apparatus and method for removing slip rings from rotating electrical machinery

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CN1006671B (en) 1990-01-31

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