CN87202794U - Hollow detonator without detonating agent - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hollow detonator without detonating agent, characterized in that an ignition device which is usually used by a common industrial detonator is adopted, a loaded constitution whose upper part is provided with a conic cavity is made of a two-time grain which is made by the mixed filling of taian, black rope gold or other single compound explosives, once ignited, the detonator can turn to detonation from deflagration, and momentary detonation can be realized. The utility model is of favorable and safe performance, simple structure and low cost, compared with the existing detonator without detonating agent, the utility model is simply operated, and the hollow detonator without detonating agent can be used in all kinds of military and civil project blasting, especially being suitable for working environment with gas in underground coal mine.

Description

Hollow detonator without detonating agent

The utility model belongs to a kind of nonpriming material detonator.

The general industry detonator is owing to be equipped with high sensitivity, COMBUSTION TO DETONATION TRANSITION priming very rapidly, thereby relatively simple for structure, with low cost, easy to use.But also just because of used priming, make detonator produce, use, security in transportation and the keeping and the aspects such as pollution of waste water all seriously exist insoluble problem.Therefore, the research of nonpriming material detonator has become a noticeable important topic at present.

Current, people mainly concentrate on three aspects for the research of nonpriming material detonator: the firstth, improve detonation way, improving ignition energy, the primary structure form of this class detonator with exploding bridge wire formula, laser type, bounce chip, electric spark formula.But reaction double wire formula detonator is representative; The secondth, adopt strong restrictive structure to transfer detonation to by burning to impel explosive, its primary structure form is representative with the strong constraint formula detonator that adopts extended envelope; The 3rd is the synthesizing new single chmical compound explosive or existing explosive is carried out modification in the hope of reaching safety and reliable effect again, the nonpriming material detonator of novel explosive occurred loading.The research of this three aspect is in the design of nonpriming material detonator or be used separately or combine and be used, but the complex structure of these known nonpriming material detonators, the processing request height, it is many to ignite element and annex, casing rigidity and material requirements height, cause product cost to rise significantly, and inconvenience group's medicine detonates, can not be applicable to the needs of military and civilian's engineering explosion at all.

As United States Patent (USP) " low-voltage nonpriming material detonator " (U, S, P4,316,412) be exactly in detonator, adopted multiple strong constraint structure, low-voltage heat bridge silk to detonate and one by main send out a powder charge, transition powder charge and sent out that powder charge is formed, can be by the non-primary explosive detonation train of deflagration to detonation transition.Though its security is good, reliable effect, structure is very complicated, difficulty of processing is big, cost is high.This has just caused it can't drop into industrial practical application so far.

But the purpose of this utility model provides a kind of nonpriming material detonator of simple, functional extensive use.

Technical characterictic of the present utility model is:

The utility model hollow detonator without initial explosive is restrictive structure from general industry detonator formula shell, adopts general industry detonator igniter commonly used, causes the non-priming detonation train by deflagration to detonation transition that is made of all over powder column and two times powder columns head.

Two times powder columns are become to increase according to primer casing middle part inwall filling by secondary explosive and ignite and the detonation area, in case igniter pellet can be realized the hollow charge structure that moment detonates.Promptly the top of two times powder columns can have one to be the up big and down small conical cavity in axle center according to the detonator axis, it makes the utility model no matter adopt the lower single compound explosive of which kind of impact sensitivity and detonation sensitivity or the mixture of several explosives, can realize that all moment detonates and have bigger energy output.

According to the further investigation to initiation mechanism, the research of the utility model hollow detonator without initial explosive looks for another way, and its technical scheme is taken the course of its own.Only two times medicine grain configurations are improved, only just reached and just can detonate with non-primary explosive and general industry detonator igniter, and tool good technical performance effect.This is that on the one hand, hollow powder column upper surface and conical cavity inner surface are lighted because after igniter is ignited, because this area is more much bigger than the top surface area of solid charge constitution, the explosive of therefore participating in chemical reaction in the identical time is much more.At cavity inside, the energy that the explosive reaction is emitted and the motion of product are subjected to circumferential constraint, have limited circumferential energy loss, cause the pressure and temp in the cavity to raise rapidly, accelerate response speed, make explosive just transfer detonation in the short time by burning at the utmost point; After hollow powder column was lighted, detonation took place in powder column from top to bottom on the other hand, and the product of cavity inner surface has formed one and rushed at the backward jet of detonator bottom to the motion of detonator axis direction, bump.Temperature, the pressure of this backward jet are high, and movement velocity is exceedingly fast, and energy density is very big, help head all over the steady detonation of powder column, thereby need not use priming just can make detonator realize that moment detonates, and have bigger detonation energy output.

The utility model has solved firer speciality circles and thirst for to have solved for a long time always, but fails the technical barrier of succeeing all the time.It is simple in structure, and power is big, produce, transportation, keeping, safe in utilization, convenient, and general factory does not need to do big change on existing technology basis just can change the line of production, and work simplification, with low cost, is applicable to military affairs and civilian all kinds of engineering explosion.All drawbacks that its detonation is stable, output energy and initiating ability are all strengthened to some extent and thoroughly avoided having priming to bring than general industry detonator, simple than existing nonpriming material detonator, the technical-economic index advanced person.

Concrete structure of the present utility model can be provided by following examples and accompanying drawing thereof.

The hollow detonator without initial explosive generalized section of Fig. 1 for igniting with the igniting of general industry electric cap instantaneous ignition medicine head;

Fig. 2 is the generalized section of the hollow detonator without initial explosive of general industry nonel tube ignition;

Fig. 3 is the hollow detonator without initial explosive generalized section with fuse detonation;

Fig. 4 is the millisecond hollow detonator without initial explosive generalized section that delay igniter is housed.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model embodiment is explained in detail:

As shown in Figure 1, the hollow detonator without initial explosive of general industry electric cap instantaneous ignition medicine head igniting blasting, with general industry detonator formula shell (7) is restrictive structure, adopting instantaneous ignition medicine head is igniter, causes one by head all over powder column (6) and two times powder columns (5) formation can be by the non-priming detonation train of deflagration to detonation transition.It is the point of amorce (3) that will be connected on two bursts of payment to a porter (1) end, and fixing by plastic plug (2) places the top of the shaft core position of the two times powder columns (5) that formed according to the inwall filling of shell (7) middle part by secondary explosive.Two times powder columns (5) are the hollow charge structure.Promptly have one to be the up big and down small conical cavity (4) in axle center according to the detonator axis at an upper portion thereof, its tapering is 10 °～90 °, highly is more than 1/2 of two times powder columns (5) height.Increase as far as possible with this hollow-core construction and to ignite and the detonation area, make no matter the secondary explosive of filling in two times powder columns of the utility model (5) is single compound explosives such as the lower Tai'an of impact sensitivity and detonation sensitivity, hexogen, perhaps the mixture of several single compound explosives all can obtain the good effect of detonating.The lower end of two times powder columns (5) contacts all over the upper end of powder column (6) with head, be filled in head send out explosive all over the quilt in the powder column (6) can be identical with the secondary explosive in being filled in two times powder columns (5), also can be different.The density of being sent out explosive is higher than secondary explosive.For making the utility model be applicable to the coal mine gas environment, head is all over powder column (6) can explosive be mixed last 5%～15% potassium chloride and 5% paraffin forms according to shell (7) bottom interior wall filling by being sent out, flame was less when it can make the utility model detonation, constituted the Permitted Detonator for Coal Mining detonator.This open-core type nonpriming material detonator, appearance and size is as the general industry detonator, only use the sparking mode and the electric detonator initiation device of general industry detonator, can light the upper surface of two times powder columns (5) and the inner surface of conical cavity (4) once igniting, make explosive in the extremely short time, transfer detonation to by burning; And make cavity (4) inner surface product to detonator axis direction motion, bump, form backward jet and make head, thereby make the utility model realize that moment detonates, and have bigger energy output all over a powder column steady detonation.Simultaneously, because flame is less during the utility model detonation, in gas density was 9% working environment, this blasting cap initiation is unlikely to cause gas explosion.These characteristics make present embodiment become the Permitted Detonator for Coal Mining detonator, can guarantee Safety of Coal Mine Production.

If the igniter of embodiment 1 is changed, just can constitute embodiment 2, embodiment (3), embodiment (4), and the technology of others constitutes and need not change.

As shown in Figure 2, with the hollow detonator without initial explosive that the general industry nonel tube is ignited, its igniter right and wrong electricity detonator (8), it is fixing by plastic plug (2), is suspended in the shaft core position top of two times powder columns (5).

As described in Figure 3, with the hollow detonator without initial explosive of fuse detonation, its igniter is fuse cord (9), and its end places the upper end of plastic plug (2), is positioned in the shell (7).The cylindrical cavity (10) of being convenient to pass fire is left at the center of plastic plug (2), and it is suspended in the shaft core position top of two times powder columns (5).

As shown in Figure 4, the millisecond hollow detonator without initial explosive of delay igniter is housed, its igniter is delay igniting element (11), and it places the top of two times powder columns (5).

Claims (4)

1, hollow detonator without initial explosive, the initiation powder charge is housed in detonator shell, igniter is set on the housing, it is characterized in that: cause powder charge and be made of all over powder column (6) and two times powder columns (5) head, the top of two times powder columns (5) is to be the up big and down small conical cavity (4) of axis with the detonator axis.

2, hollow detonator without initial explosive according to claim 1, the tapering that it is characterized in that conical cavity (4) are 10 °～90 °, highly are more than 1/2 of two times powder columns (5) height.

3, hollow detonator without initial explosive according to claim 1 is characterized in that the quilt of head time powder column (6) is sent out the dry explosive of biography that explosive density is higher than two times powder columns (5).

4, hollow detonator without initial explosive according to claim 1 is characterized in that head mixes and constitutes by being sent out the potassium chloride of explosive with 5%～15%, 5% paraffin all over powder column (6).

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