CN87108159A - Packet switching network - Google Patents

Packet switching network Download PDF

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Publication number
CN87108159A
CN87108159A CN87108159.8A CN87108159A CN87108159A CN 87108159 A CN87108159 A CN 87108159A CN 87108159 A CN87108159 A CN 87108159A CN 87108159 A CN87108159 A CN 87108159A
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information
sets
switching module
switching network
route
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CN1016566B (en
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马丁·路易斯·弗洛伦斯迪·普里克尔
麦克尔·费莱萌·马戴利恩迪·索莫
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Alcatel Lucent NV
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Alcatel NV
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
    • H04L49/25—Routing or path finding in a switch fabric
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems 
    • H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
    • H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
    • H04L12/5602—Bandwidth control in ATM Networks, e.g. leaky bucket
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
    • H04L49/10—Packet switching elements characterised by the switching fabric construction
    • H04L49/102—Packet switching elements characterised by the switching fabric construction using shared medium, e.g. bus or ring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
    • H04L49/10—Packet switching elements characterised by the switching fabric construction
    • H04L49/103—Packet switching elements characterised by the switching fabric construction using a shared central buffer; using a shared memory
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
    • H04L49/15—Interconnection of switching modules
    • H04L49/1515—Non-blocking multistage, e.g. Clos
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
    • H04L49/20—Support for services
    • H04L49/205—Quality of Service based
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
    • H04L49/50—Overload detection or protection within a single switching element
    • H04L49/501—Overload detection

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
  • Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
  • Use Of Switch Circuits For Exchanges And Methods Of Control Of Multiplex Exchanges (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to packet switched networks for telecommunications. The switching network transmits packets including routing information through switching modules contained therein, said switching modules being interconnected and each having a plurality of receiving terminals 12 for receiving said packets and a plurality of transmitting terminals 12 for transmitting said packets. The packet switched network consists of two parts. Each module included in the first portion is able to select a transmitting port without having to use the routing information in the set of information, the selection in the second portion being controlled by the routing information.

Description

The present invention is relevant with the packet switching network of telecommunication, this switching network sends all information sets that include routing information by contained therein Switching Module, and said Switching Module is interconnective and each Switching Module all has the receiving port of the aforementioned all information sets of a plurality of receptions and the transmit port of a plurality of transmission aforementioned information groups.The present invention also with the transmit port of selecting it among Yi And relevant the device that the information sets of a receiving port that arrives it is transferred to aforementioned selected transmit port.The aforesaid packet switching network is made up of two parts.Contained aforesaid each Switching Module needn't utilize the routing information that is comprised in aforesaid information sets just can select a transmit port in first, and aforesaid selection is that the routing information that is included in the information sets is controlled in second portion.
A kind of like this packet switching network, people recognize from the article " design of broadcast packe switching network " (Desing of abroadcast Packet Switching Network) of J.S.TURNER, and this article is published on the 667-675 page or leaf of " 86 years information communication procceedingss " (Proceedings of INFOCOM 86) in April, 1986.In this piece article, each that is included in Switching Module in the switching network first can both freely select its transmit port so that allocate communications amount load equably on entire switching network.
The shortcoming of this system is, the information sets that the belongs to same information usually different route in the switching network first is passed through.As a result, these information sets order of arriving its terminal may be different from them and is added to order on this switching network.
Target of the present invention is exactly the packet switching network that a above-mentioned type will be provided, and is identical with the order that these grouping informations are added to this switching network but the information sets that wherein belongs to same information arrives the order of its terminal.
This target reaches like this: in the first of switching network, only first group of information in the communication information is not utilized and be contained in the transmit port of routing information selection that comprises in this information, and for the following one by one information sets that belongs to the same communication information, aforesaid Switching Module just utilize aforesaid first group of information in the first of switching network along the Information Selection one transmit port of the route that passes through.
Because first group of information of a communication information in the first of switching network be to determine that by the Switching Module that is included in this first these modules can allocate communications amount load on this switching network equably along the path passed through.In fact, the following one by one information sets that belongs to the same communication information is passed through along the used same path of its first group of information all.Therefore, the order of transmission of information sets remains unchanged.
Another feature of the present invention is not utilize routing information that the selection of transmit port is taken place at random.
Also to send the packet switching network of the information sets include routing information relevant by being included in wherein Switching Module with one in the present invention, said Switching Module interconnects, and each all has the receiving port of a plurality of reception information sets and the transmit port of a plurality of transmission information sets.The present invention is also relevant the method that information sets on receiving port of arrival is transferred to selected that transmit port with a Duan Kou And who selects Switching Module.
When selecting transmit port randomly for allocate communications amount load on entire switching network, some in these transmit ports may be saturated, degenerates with regard to the transmission quality that makes grouping information like this.
Another target of the present invention is that a packet switching network of mentioning the sort of pattern at last will be provided, but the traffic overflow that wherein is added to this switching network does not cause the saturated of transmit port.
This target reaches like this: aforesaid Switching Module can also try to send out a path and set up information sets so that set up a path by aforementioned switching network.Described path is set up information sets and is comprised the first information, this information indication load of traffic, and it is set up the communication information groups of the transmitting terminal of information sets and is constituted by then be sent to above-mentioned path along above-mentioned path.Each above-mentioned Switching Module comprises the storage facility that is used to store second information at this, the traffic load of second information indication accumulation, it is made of the packet communication that belongs to by the handled communication of Switching Module, and each above-mentioned Switching Module is set up information sets by determining whether also to send above-mentioned path to the above-mentioned first and second load of traffic information.
Like this, each Switching Module can both determine whether transfer path is set up information sets, thereby has also just determined whether to transmit the communication information groups of following after information sets is set up in the path according to the load of traffic that these communication information groups constituted.Like this, the transmission quality of the communication information groups of being handled by this Switching Module will can not be subjected to the influence of the extra traffic load that new communication brings.In other words, if a traffic overflow be added on this network, this network will can not transship.
With reference to the description and the accompanying drawing of the following examples, aforesaid and other target of the present invention and feature will be more obvious, and the also easier quilt of the present invention itself is understood.
Fig. 1 is the calcspar that includes the telecommunication system of a packet switching network BSN according to of the present invention.
Fig. 2 has represented a Switching Module BSE among the BSN among Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 (a) is to 3(c) information sets that sends by this telecommunication system of expression.
That Fig. 4 represents is the specific switching network BSN that is used to illustrate an example.
Packet switching network BSN shown in the figure one is a multistage BNET that forms a digital-telecommunication system part, and can cut apart (ATD) transmission link IL1/ILN by broadband user's module I B1/IBN, OB1/OBN, asynchronous time, OL1/OLN finishes and the subscriber station IU1/IUN of multistage BNET coupling, the grouping information exchange between the OU1/OUN.In more detail, this switching network has N input I1 to IN, has N to call out or the calling subscriber IU1 to IUN that stands is connected with an above-mentioned N input respectively with separately N broadband user's module I B1 to IBN by N bar transmission link IL1 to ILN; N output arranged, and they are connected with N called family or end user respectively with N bar transmission link OL1 to OLN by N Wideband module OB1 to OBN.The back will illustrate in greater detail broadband user's module.The N of BSN input I1/IN is connected with its N output O1/ON by the cascaded stages of a series of Switching Modules.It is Switching Module BSE N/n, such as shown in Figure 2 that each grade all includes maximum number, will illustrate that about this module rear n is the number of the input (also being its output) of a BSE.
As shown in Figure 1, BSN can be divided into two parts on function: distribution network DN and route selective network RN.Some grades of Switching Module BSE constitute distribution network DN, and all the other levels of Switching Module BSE constitute route selective network RN.As what will describe in detail afterwards, the purposes of distribution network DN is according to Statistics allocate communications amount load equably on whole BSN, and the purposes of route selective network RN is that the grouping information that receives from DN is delivered to destination subscriber station OU1/OUN by selected path.As mentioned above, BSN distribution network DN is to be made of identical Switching Module BSE with route selective network RN.
The calcspar of Switching Module BSE is shown in Fig. 2, and it is with people such as belgian patent BE904100(P.DEBUYSSCHER, 3-5-1) in disclosed Switching Module similar.BSE comprises 8(n) individual input R1 to R8,8(n) individual output T1 is to T8, time-division multiplex (TDM) bus and transit ports controller bus SB.Each input of R1 to R8 is linked respectively on separately the receiving port RX1 to RX8.And all these receiving port RX1 to RX8 are coupled on the bus TB with 8 transmit port TX1 to TX8 coupling, and each all links to each other these 8 transmit ports with separately output T1 to T8 respectively.Each receiving port RX1 to RX8 is continuous with transit ports controller SC1 to SC8 separately respectively also two-wayly.All these controllers all are coupled on the bus SB that is coupled with all transmit port TX1 to TX8.The purposes of BSE is that the information sets that will arrive among its 8 input terminal R1/R8 on any one is sent on any one of its 8 output T1/T8 by the TDM bus with asynchronous system.Each receiving port RX1/RX8 finishes phase place and information sets is synchronous, if desired, also finishes clock signal extraction and head and proofreaies and correct.The Huan Cun Qi And that each transmit port TX1/TX8 comprises a stored information group basically can finish the clock signal generation.
As previously mentioned, each level of switching network BSN all comprises some Switching Module BSE.Interconnecting of these grades is by the output T1/T8 of the Switching Module of one-level is linked so that form known from route selective network in article with the input R1/R8 of the Switching Module of next stage, as from article " ITT1240 digital switch-digital switching network " (" ITT1240 Digital Exchange-Digital Switching Network "), recognizing, this article is that people such as J.M COTTON write, be published in " Electrical Communication-THE TECHNICAL JOURNAL OF ITT ", Volume 56-Nomber 2/3-1981, Pages 148 to 160.
It is such that the erect image back will be set forth in more detail, and the information sets that flows through BSN has 2 points: data message group and control information group.The route field of address that all includes the transmit port TX1/TX8 of the Switching Module BSE that they must pass through in these two kinds of information.
The data message group is surrounded by the data of standing and transmitting between IU1/IUN and the destination subscriber station OU1/OUN the calling subscriber.Its route field always contains whole addresses of the transmit port TX1/TX8 that this data message group must pass through.When a data message group entered the receiving port RX1/RX8 of Switching Module BSE, it just was sent to its address and the corresponding transmit port TX1/TX8 in address that indicates for this specific Switching Module BSE at the route field of this data message group through bus TB.In order to guarantee that the total data information sets that belongs to the same communication information arrives in order, these data message groups must be passed through BSN by identical route.So the route field of the total data information sets of same communication all contains the address of identical transmit port TX1/TX8.
The control information group is used for standing the calling subscriber path by switching network BSN is set between IU1/IUN and the destination subscriber station OU1/OUN.So it for example includes sets up information to the conversation of calling out and the destination subscriber station is equal to.In order to allow distribution network DN allocate communications amount load equably on whole BSN, has saved first address that is included in the transmit port in the Routing Information Field of setting up information sets (this is the control information group of a particular type, and the back will be explained) of conversing.To each address of saving, the transit ports controller SC1/SC8 continuous with relevant receiving port RX1/RX8 selects transmit port TX1/TX8 And to set up in the path field of control information in this conversation randomly, replaces the address of saving with the transmit port address of having selected.
The transmit port of Switching Module BSE can constitute distribution network DN by that part that transit ports controller SC1/SC8 selects at random in the switching network, and that BSN that the address that wherein comprises in the route field of transmit port TX1/TX8 by the information sets of these Switching Modules of flowing through is indicated partly constitutes route selective network RN.In particular, distributed network DN, only to first group of information of a communication, just the control information group is set up in conversation and played the allocate communications amount load on switching network BSN of a randomization net, and to all in succession and the data message group of this communication that comes it play a Path selection net as RN must in whole communication, remain unchanged because the path that the control information group established is set by conversation.
Each transmit port TX1/TX8 also contains an average traffic load counter ALC and a peak volume load counter MLC(and only draws in TX1 in Fig. 2) preserve the mean value and the maximum of the accumulation load of traffic that constitutes by communicating by letter in these counters by transmit port TX1/TX8 whole.When a conversation is set up the control information group and is entered a receiving port RX1/RX8, when transmit port TX1/TX8 select randomly by the transit ports controller or route field according to this information sets in contain address choice the time, this same transit ports controller SC1/SC8 also does a kind of verification simultaneously, and whether the communication that comes can be accepted by selected transmit port TX1/TX8 so that understand new promptly receiving.At last, the mean value ABR of load of traffic and maximum MBR or bit rate of communicating by letter on the horizon all are kept at this conversation and set up in the control information group, according to receiving this group information, consider the corresponding counter ALC that leaves this transmit port in and the numerical value of the load of traffic among the MLC, whether the selected transmit port TX1/TX8 of transit ports controller verification has the ability to accept this conversation.More particularly, counter ALC and MLC are predisposed to zero each then conversation to set up the control information group are that the numerical value that corresponding transmit port TX1/TX8 accepts in these two counters just increases ABR and MBR separately.When new when the control information group being set arriving receiving port RX1/RX8 of a Switching Module of distribution network DN, corresponding transit ports controller SC1/SC8 selects a transmit port TX1/TX8, ABR that this control information group is entrained and the value of MBR also are added to respectively on the content of the counter ALC of this selecteed transmit port TX1/TX8 and MLC. then, these results compared with the load of traffic maximum that selected transmit port TX1/TX8 is allowed.Such as, maximum allows that the traffic is 560 mbit/on the order wire, and the numerical value as 560 * 0.8 mbit/is allowed the traffic with regard to constituting by the maximum of a transmit port TX1/TX8, and wherein 0.8 is coefficient of safety.Because this verification, suppose by conversation and set up load of traffic ABR that the control information group provides and the numerical value of MBR is to be considered that in whole communicating by letter of being about to occur the probability that the buffer among the selected transmit port TX1/TX8 overflows just is lowered with the not satisfied risk of the quality of communicating by letter by transmit port TX1/TX8.In distribution network DN,, just select another transmit port by SC1/SC8 if these numerical value can not be the acceptance of selected transmit port TX1/TX8.
Because go up the standard that the grouping information that sends and receive must meet the demands at separately the multiplexed transmission link IL1/ILN of asynchronous time division (ATD) and OL1/OLN by subscriber station IU1/IUN and OU1/OUN, all include additional information as ccitt standard And and owing to the grouping information that flows through switching network BSN, Routing Information Field for example, at subscriber station IU1/IUN, it is necessary adding interface circuit between OU1/OUN and the switching network BSN.These interface circuits are broadband user module I B1 to IBN and OB1 to OBN, as shown in Figure 1.
In order to simplify broadband user's module I B1/IBN, OB1/OBN, do not satisfy standard pass through data message group that BSN transmits have one as far as possible with the similar form of the form of the information sets of on transmission link IL1/ILN or OL1/OLN, transmitting.
The calling subscriber stands the used typical information sets of IUI/IUN shown in Fig. 3 (a).It has fixing length, such as 144 bits, and wherein used preceding 16 comprise the title that numeral or data chainning connect identifier DLCI than peculiar one, are designated as remaining 128 bit of LII and deposit communication data INF.The calling subscriber of this conversation stands, and to connect identifier DLCI numeral in the data chainning of predetermined signaling logic passage be 0 o'clock to the used signaling information of IU1/IUN, be that LII equals at 0 o'clock, be sent to continuous line module IB1/IBN by corresponding chain IL1/ILN, and when the numeral of DLCI was not 0, the data message group was transmitted on chain IL1/ILN.
The grouping information of switching network BSN of flowing through is shown in Fig. 3 (b) and 3(c).
The data message group is shown in Fig. 3 (b), and its length is, such as, 166 bits.The type worker of first bit recognition information sets, such as O representative data information sets, subsequently be Routing Information Field RF, its length is 21 bits.Each Switching Module that the information that is comprised in the routing information field is enough to this data message group is passed through can determine the data message group that arrives must by which port among its transmit port TX1/TX8.Owing to utilized terminal point Path selection principle and, comprised the address of terminal switch module OB1/OBN in the Routing Information Field at least from the Path selection switching network.This address also is necessary for the following control information group that will illustrate.The 3rd segment length 144 bits of this data message group, the information that it comprised is corresponding with the information that is comprised in transmission link IL1/ILN and OL1/OLN data information transmitted group.More particularly, the calling subscriber used DLCI of IU1/IUN that stands counts LII and by destination subscriber station OU1/OUN the DLCI that utilizes is counted LIO in the 3rd message segment of this data message group and replaced.With removing type i in the data message group shown in Fig. 3 (b) and the method for Routing Information Field RF, the information sets shown in Fig. 3 (a) can be reformulated in terminal use's module OB1/OBN be sent to end user station OU1/OUN by transmission link OL1/OLN before.
The control information group is shown in Fig. 3 (c).Because switching network BSN operational efficiency, this information sets has the same length of above-mentioned data message group shown in Fig. 3 (b), i.e. 166 bits.With the data message category seemingly, first bit recognition information sets type i of control information group for example 1 is represented the control information group, with thereafter be that length is the Routing Information Field of 21 bits.The 3rd message segment of control information group contains setting or cancels a control of communication parameter.So, having dissimilar control information groups, will describe in detail below.For the purpose of consistency, same parameter is occupied identical position in different control information groups, and as these parameter null(NUL)s, sky is just put in the position.The sign T of control information group is provided by first three bit of the 3rd message segment.Then 16 bits count LII for the used DLCI of initial side's transmission link IL1/ILN, and 16 bits of back provide the used DLCI of terminal transmission link OL1/OLN and count LIO again.Be that length is the type SERV of the duties message segment of 32 bits then, comprising, for example, the mean value ABR of the load of traffic of this communication and maximum MBR.All the other bits of the 3rd message segment have only been used a part, and for example, the Routing Information Field PTH that 21 bits are used for identifying return path will do explanation below.
The control information group of four kinds of fundamental types has hereinafter been described.Because printing device, its form is expressed as follows:
〔I，RF，T，LII，LIO，SERV，PTH〕
Its hollow message segment is replaced by underscore character.
SETUP〔1，RF，LII， ，SERV，RTH〕
SETUP control information group contains enough information prepares a path by all Switching Module BSE of this BNET BSN.SETUP control information group is to set up a unidirectional communicating route so that stand the calling subscriber between IU1/IUN and the destination subscriber station OU1/OUN by what calling subscriber's module I B1/IBN sent in BSN.If a two-way communicating route must be set between two subscriber station IU1/IUN and OU1/OUN, destination line module OB1/OBN must send second SETUP control information group to initial line module IB1/IBN in BSN.Parameter used in the parameter that this second SETUP control information group has and first SETUP control information group is similar.Yet the calling party has become purpose side, and purpose side has become the calling party.This also sets up other the control information group that describes below.The parameter of SETUP control information group is as follows:
-first bit is set to 1 and shows that it is a control information group
Contain control information group and those addresses that belong to the transmit port TX1/TXN of the Switching Module BSE that same data message group of communicating by letter must pass through on the horizon among-the Routing Information Field RF.As previously mentioned, has saved first address of this Routing Information Field RF, so that allow distribution network DN allocate communications amount load on BSN.These addresses of saving are replaced along those addresses of transmit port TX1/TX8 of passing through by the selected De And of DN control information group in DN gradually.
-flag information section T for example is to represent that this was a SETUP control information group at 1 o'clock
-Incoming (incoming) DLCI message segment LII, the numeral that it comprised is used for data information group on the calling subscriber stands transmission link between the IU1/IUN homophase logotype family module I B1/IBN.Its Shuo Zhi And is not that switching network BSN is used, and only is used for setting up the return information group for line module OB1/OBN.
-out (outgoing) DLCI message segment LIO is empty, does not still know because be used for the DLCI number of data information group on the transmission link OL1/OLN between the line module OB1/OBN of destination subscriber station OU1/OUN and connection.
The type SERV of-duties message segment comprises this communicate by letter desired mean bit rate ABR and Maximum Bit Rate MBR, and must verification control information group the transmit port of process whether can accept the load of traffic of communication on the horizon; With-when SETUP control information group was left the calling subscriber and stood the line module IB1/IBN of IU1/IUN, return route PTH was empty, but when the Switching Module BSE of this control information group by switching network BSN, be filled gradually.When this control information group is reached home, preserve the address of the receiving port of the Switching Module BSE that this control information group passed through in its PTH message segment.When SETUP control information group got clogged in switching network BSN somewhere, parameter PTH was very necessary.In this case, must be known that as whole Switching Modules of preparing the route that has been provided with must remove for this communication.More detailed theory, the contained numerical value of counter ALC on their transmit port and MLC must deduct ABR contained in the SERV message segment of SETUP control information group and the value of MBR separately.At last, block control information group (back will illustrate) by the passage that blocks Switching Module foundation and must know the contrary path to initial line module IB1/IBN through BSN.
CONFIRM〔1，RF，2，LII，LIO，———，PTH〕
This control information group acknowledge SETUP control information group arrives the line module OB1/OBN that links to each other with the destination subscriber station by destination chain OL1/OLN.CONFIRM control information group is not used by Switching Module BSE, and only used by the initial line module IB1/IBN of SETUP control information group.The parameter of CONFIRM control information group is as follows:
-bit I be 1 the expression it be a control information group;
-Routing Information Field RF return path (PTH) that to be its address gathered by aforementioned SETUP control information group duplicates.On the principle, CONFIRM control information group follows De And by the represented route of passing through BSN of its Routing Information Field RF route that followed of SETUP control information group not necessarily.But, close
The minimal information of the address of calling subscriber's module I B1/IBN that must be sent in this control information group, that is to say that the last address of the route between OB1/IBN and the IB1/IBN is by taking out in the return path information section (PTH) of SETUP control information group at least;
It is CONFIRM control information groups that-flag information section T gets 2 expressions;
-message segment LII deposits calling subscriber's used DLCI number of IU1/IUN of standing;
-message segment LIO deposits the DLCI number of the usefulness of end user station OU1/OUN;
-duties type information section SERV puts sky, because the transmit port TX1/IXN of the Switching Module BSE that this signal post uses has been adjusted by the SETUP information sets; With
-what deposit among the route return information section PTH now is that the complete Routing Information Field (RF) of aforementioned SETUP information sets is so that these information is used to fill the Routing Information Field of the data message group back, that belong to this communication;
CLEAR〔1，RF，LII，LIO，SERV，——〕
The removing control information group of this communication can be sent from the calling subscriber IU1/IUN that stands, and also can send ， And links to each other the removing of communication or end notification with the opposing party line module OBI/OBN, IB1/IBN by destination subscriber station OU1/OUN.It is interim when CLEAR control information group is transmitted in switching network BSN, this information sets is notified whole counter ALC and the MLC of the transmit port TX1/TX8 that it enters, allows the content of these counters reduce the mean value ABR and the maximum MBR of this load of traffic in separately the duties message segment that leaves this information sets in.So CLEAR control information group must follow with SETUP control information group (or many groups) and belong to the same routes that this total data information sets of communicating by letter is followed.(under the situation of two-way communication, also must follow identical two-way route).
The parameter of CLEAR control information group is as follows:
-bit I places 1;
If-communication is by calling subscriber's eventually words of IU1/IUN of standing, then Routing Information Field comprises by discharging the route field RF that finishes that line module is the previous SETUP control information group sent of IB1/IBN;
-flag information section is set to 3 and represents CLEAR control information group;
-message segment LII deposits calling subscriber's IU1/IUN used DLCI number on its transmission link ILI/ILN of standing;
-message segment LII deposits calling subscriber's IUI/IUN used DLCI number on its transmission link ILI/ILN of standing;
-message segment LIO deposits destination subscriber station OU1/OUN, and used DLCI number is so that allow continuous line module OB1/OBN notice subscriber station OU1/OUN on its transmission link OL1/OLN, and this communication is by calling subscriber's releasing of standing;
-duties type information section SERV deposits ABR and MBR and is used to reduce the corresponding counter ALC of the transmit port TX1/TXN that this signal post uses and the numerical value of MLC;
-return routing information field to put sky.
BLOCKED〔1，RF，4，LII，——，SERV，——〕
BLOCKED control information group is used to clear up the only path that passes through BSN of part setting, when Switching Module blocks this path.This obstruction be because, such as this communication that selected transmit port TX1/TX8 can not accept to add is desired, the mean bit rate ABR in the duties type information section that is included in SETUP control information group or (with) Maximum Bit Rate MBR.BLOCKED control information group is included in full detail in the SETUP control information group of Incoming by utilization obstruction Switching Module BSE is set up.The parameter of BLOCKED control information group is as follows:
-bit I is set to 1;
-Routing Information Field RF deposits the return path information section (PTH) that the part of this control information group when SETUP control information group gets clogged is filled;
-message segment LII deposits calling subscriber's DLCI number that IU1/IUN uses of standing on its transmission link IL1/ILN;
-message segment LIO puts sky, because corresponding D LCI number is not still known;
-duties type information section is by duplicating the SERV message segment of the SETUP control information group of Incoming, and the Switching Module BSE that passed through of BLOKED control information group is reduced in counter ALC on the corresponding transmit port TX1/TX8 and the content of MLC with it, just as what CLEAR control information group was done;
-return routing information field PTH to put sky, perhaps for depositing the duplicating of Routing Information Field (RE) of SETUP control information group.
In an embodiment who preferentially selects for use, network DN and RN are folded the two-way exchange net BSN that one of common composition has N input Il/IN and N outlet terminal Ol/ON, these input/output terminals are formed N I/O terminal in the side of this switching network BSN, and constitute a minute surface at opposite side.Like this, constitute distribution network DN in the stand part of the BSN between IU1/IUN and the minute surface of calling subscriber, and that part of BSN constitutes a Route Selection net between minute surface and destination subscriber station OU1/OUN.The principle of folding switching network is understood by the people from article, such as already mentioned by " ITT1240 digital switch-digital switching networks " that the people write such as J.M.DOTTON from the front, and has been used in the switching technology of broadband at this.Move this minute surface virtually with respect to N I/O end, the number of the switching stage that signal post must pass through just can change.This just has an advantage, for example to junction service, this minute surface can more close I/O end so that reduce number and the load of traffic on switching network BSN of Switching Module BSE.
The description of the operation of above-mentioned BNET can be illustrated by example shown in Figure 4.
In this example, having searching number 134, promptly is corresponding to the stand user of IU134 of calling subscriber, wants promptly to make the two-way television telephone communication No. one time corresponding to destination subscriber station OU823 with having searching number 823.As above-mentioned, the calling subscriber station connects with broadband user's module I B134 by transmission link IL134, and the destination subscriber station connects with line module OB823 by transmission link OL823.IU134 and OL823 do not show in Fig. 4.
This BNET BSN has 5 grades of broadband switch module BSE.In other words, above-mentioned communication will be by 5 different Switching Module BSE.Each switching stage comprises 4 groups of Switching Module BSE.These groups be numbered G11 to G14, G21 to G24, G31 to G24, G41 to G44 and G51 to G54 respectively the corresponding the first, the second, the three, the four and level V.Only express those used in above-mentioned communication groups among Fig. 4.In these groups each all includes 4 Switching Modules.Specifically, Switching Module E111 to E114, E211 to E214, E311 to E314, E341 to E344, E441 to E444 and E541 to E544 be formation group G11 respectively, G21, G31, G34, the part of G44 and G54.1 to 8 the number average of representing in Fig. 4 in Switching Module E111 to E544 is represented the receiving port RX1/RX8 or the transmit port TX1/TX8 of relevant module.
Distribution network DN is made of first and second switching stages, also promptly constitute, and Path selection net RN also promptly organizes G31 to G34 by the 3rd, the 4th and the 5th switching stage by group G11 to G14 and group G21 to G24, G41 to G44 and G51 to G54 constitute, and the third level is the minute surface of switching network DSN.
In order to do videotelephone communication one time with destination subscriber station OU823, the calling subscriber passes through at the station its transmission link IL134 with signaling DLCI, and promptly the DLCI number is 0, sets up application to its conversation of line module transmission.This conversation is set up application and is comprised:
The searching number 823 of-destination subscriber station OU823;
-data go up the DLCI number of transmission, for example LII=0.7 based on caller chain IL134; With
The duties type SERV of-current conversation, i.e. mean bit rate, for example, ABR=1500 kilobits/second (Kbps) and peak value or Maximum Bit Rate, for example MBR=5000Kbps.
Then, broadband user's module I B134 produces the SETUP control information group with following column format:
〔1，××832，1，07，——，1500-5000，×××××〕
And sends this control information group through terminal I134 by BSN.Because BSN is made of 5 switching stages, this control information 5 Switching Module BSE that will flow through are so count RF and return that the address for transmit port TX1/TX8 keeps 5 positions among the routing information field PTH at routing information.Yet, terminal address just is enough to determine by three addresses 8,2 and 3, preceding two addresses of RF are put sky or are put the symbol (usefulness * expression in preceding form) of null(NUL), so fill the address of the transmit port TX1/TX8 that must be selected by the Switching Module that distributes switching network DN.
Since switching network BSN from routing structure, SETUP control information group at first arrives the receiving port of the Switching Module E113 of the group of G11 in the first order, such as port 4.Because first address in the Routing Information Field of this SETUP control information group (it is corresponding with first transmit port 1/8 that will use) is empty, E113 just selects a transmit port randomly, such as whether the conversation that port 8 ， And verifications arrive can be accepted by this transmit port.So the mean value of the load of traffic of depositing in SERV and maximum are added to respectively on the mean value and maximum of the load of traffic of being preserved among the corresponding counter ALC of transmit port 8 and the MLC.And and the result compared with the maximum acceptable load of traffic value on this transmit port, if the desired load of traffic of communication on the horizon is accepted, return routing information field PTH and just be changed to 4 * * * * expression receiving port 4 has been utilized, and the content of Routing Information Field is also turned round and the address of selected transmitting terminal 8 also is embedded in it.Like this, Routing Information Field become * 8238.The SETUP control information group of this renewal is delivered to the receiving port 3 of E214 from the transmit port 8 of E113 then.
When this SETUP control information group arrived the receiving port 3 of E214, above-mentioned identical situation repeated a change again.Because first address in Routing Information Field RF remains empty (*), E214 selects a transmit port, such as port 7 And and corresponding communication amount load counter ALC and MLC also by verification.The result who supposes verification negates, another transmit port, such as port 5 is selected by E214 again.If a back port 5 can bear this load, SETUP control information group filling and turning round return path information section PTH(and be 34 now * * *) and Routing Information Field (being 82385 now) after be sent to the 3rd switching stage.
When the receiving port 1 of the Switching Module E314 that arrives the third level, first address in the Routing Information Field shows, must select transmit port 8.At this moment, whether the load of traffic counter of verification transmit port 8 can be accepted to understand required load, supposes that answer is yes, and SETUP control information group continues to be sent to the receiving port 5 of the E444 in the 4th switching stage.At this moment, the routing information section is 23858, return routing information field and be 134 * *.
The transmit port 2 of E444 must be selected.If this transmit port 2 is accepted load ABR and MBR, SETUP control information group is delivered to the receiving port 8 of the E542 in level V again, and at this moment, RF equals 38582, PTH equals 5134 *.
In E542, transmit port 3 must be selected, and from this port, suppose that load all is accepted, and SETUP control information group is sent to terminal point broadband user module OB823 through terminal 0823.At this moment Routing Information Field and return routing information field and be respectively 85823 and 85134.
Terminal point broadband user module OB823 selectes unappropriated DLCI on the terminal transmission link OL823 that links to each other with end user station OU823 then, such as LIO=26.Next step, OB823 sets up a logical message combination in inside, and its form is as follows:
((823,26), (134,07), *, undetermined)
Its parameter is represented respectively:
((source-address, source-DLCI-number),
(destination-address, destination-DLCI-number),
Data-path, state)
Wherein speech " source " and " destination " are for line module OB823.
Then, OB823 issues a CONFIRM control information of BSN group with the following message form:
〔1，××134，2，07，26，——，85823〕
This CONFIRM control information group will find by the route of BSN and mostly different with the used route of aforementioned SETUP control information group.A kind of like this CONFIRM control information group can arrive its destination address of being indicated by its Routing Information Field by BSN,, that is to say that duties type information section SERV is empty because do not provide the requirement of load.When this CONFIRM control information group when input terminal I134 arrives originating user module I B134, its confirms stand the unilaterally connected between IU134 and the destination subscriber station OU823 the calling subscriber.Because also include the path 85823(PTH that selected SETUP control information group is followed in this CONFIRM control information group), calling subscriber's module I B134 can be provided with the logical message combination:
((134,07), (823,26), 85823, undetermined)
Its definition as mentioned above.
The destination line module is issued one group of information of destination subscriber station OU823 through the signaling DLCI of OL823 simultaneously, this information notifies this user that a videotelephone communication application is arranged, its DLCI number is 26, and the duties type parameter is: ABR=1500 kilobits/second, MBR=5000 kilobits/second.
If user 823 wants to be provided with a two-way communication, line module OB823 must construct a SETUP control information group that will be transmitted in the IB134 direction by BSN.In order to set up the path of passing through BSN opposite, also to follow previously described same step about SETUP and CONFIRM control information group with aforementioned direction.Suppose that the route that this SETUP control information group is followed is accepted and Routing Information Field RF and return routing information field and equal 58134 and 58823 respectively fully.
When this SETUP control information group arrived calling subscriber's module I B134, logical combination above-mentioned was changed to " active ".CONFIRM control information group turns back to destination line module OB823 And and conversation link information group and is sent to the calling subscriber IU134 that stands with the signaling DLCI of IL134 then.When this CONFIRM control information group is received on OB823, be combined as in this logical message of setting up:
〔（823，26），（134，07），58134，active〕
This expression, the address of the Routing Information Field RF of the return path of a direction is 5,8,1,3 and 4.
If SETUP control information group is blocked in switching network BSN, a BLOCKED control information group turns back to the line module that sends this SETUP control information group.Following described is an example of this situation: by SETUP control information group that IB134 sent out E314 be obstructed be owing to transmit port 8 can not emit the risk that She Zhi De And is degenerated by its communication quality accept extra load ABR or (with) MBR.At this moment the form of the BLMCKED control information group that is produced by E314 is
〔1，34×××，4，07，——，1500-5000，
——〕
This form makes that this BLOCKED control information group can utilize that SETUP control information group followed passes through the same of BSN but the opposite route of direction is returned originating user module I B134.When this BLOCKED control information group arrived the receiving port 5 of E214, the counter ALC of corresponding sending terminal mouth 5 and the content of MLC reduced 1500 and 5000 respectively.At this moment the route control information section of this BLOCKED control information group turn round into 4 * * * 3 and also this information sets be sent to the transmit port 3 of E214, from its receiving port 8 by E113 just of there.At this, the counter ALC of corresponding sending terminal mouth 8 and the content of MLC also cut 1500 and 5000 respectively.Routing Information Field RF turns round * * * 34 and BLOCKED control information group be sent to the terminal point I134 of IB134 and BSN through the transmit port 4 of E113.When this BLOCLED control information group arrived line module IB134, this line module can determine to try to send a new SETUP control information group again, because an at this moment other path through distribution network DN may be selected.Perhaps remove the application of this videotelephone communication, in this case, the necessary subscriber call station IU134 of this line module, this conversation is cancelled.
If can set up the path by BSN as previously mentioned on both direction, the data message group of video telephone just can transmit between subscriber station IU134 and OU823.
By the form that subscriber station IU134 sent arrives the user data information group of line module IB134 with LII=07 is (07, INF).In IB134, they are converted into the data message group that will be sent to destination line module OB823 by BSN.The form of these data sets is:
〔0，85823，26，INF〕
In the line module OB823 of destination, they convert the original form of subscriber data set again to, i.e. (07, INF).
Equally, be (26, INF) by destination subscriber station OU823 Fa Chu And with the form that LIO=26 arrives the user data information group of OB823.At OB823, in they are converted into the data message group that will send to line module IB134 by BSN.The form of these data is:
〔0，58134，07，INF〕
In line module IB134, they are converted into the original form of user data information group again, i.e. (26, INF).
Because logical message combination of depositing in broadband user's module I B134 and OB823 above-mentioned, all these conversions all are possible.
For example, when user 134 will remove videotelephone communication, it was removed information sets to a conversation by its transmission link IL134 and delivers to line module IB134.IB134 sets up a CLEAR control information Zu And and delivers to the end user OU823 that stands by BSN then.The form of this CLEAR control information group is:
〔1，85823，3，07，26，1500-5000，——〕
When this CLEAR control information group when the BSN, about the counter ALC and the contained numerical value of MLC of transmit port 1/8 all deducts corresponding value 1500 and 5000 separately.Have been noted that the clear complete route of Routing Information Field RF acceptance of the bid, thereby in distribution network DN, do not allow randomization.When CLEAR control information group arrived destination line module OB823, subscriber station OU823 notified its this communication to be disengaged by one group of information that the signaling DLCI on its transmission link OL823 passes to it.The logical message combination of setting up therein by OB823 And be cancelled and one return CLEAR control information group and set up by end user's module OB823.The form of this CLEAR control information group is as follows:
〔1，58134，3，26，07，1500-5000，——〕
As for previous CLEAR control information group, it has reduced the Nei Rong And of the counter ALC of relevant transmit port 1/8 and MLC and because it arrives line module IB134, the logical message combination of setting up therein is cancelled.
Although described principle of the present invention above in conjunction with specific embodiments, should know to understand: foregoing description only adopts example to make, and Dan Zhe And is not construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (12)

1, transmit the packet switching network (BSN) of the information sets that contains routing information (RF) by the Switching Module (BSE) that wherein comprises, said Switching Module is that Xiang connect De And and each all has the receiving port (RX1/RX8) of a plurality of reception aforementioned groupings information, the transmit port of a plurality of transmission grouping informations (TX1/TX8), and select one to send the method that port And is sent to the grouping information that arrives an one receiving port selected transmit port, said switching network is that can both not utilize the routing information that comprises in the information sets to select the first (DN) and the said selection of the said Switching Module of an one transmit port be second portion (RN) formation of being controlled by the routing information that is included in the information sets by having each, it is characterized in that, in the first (DN) of this switching network (BSN), Switching Module (BSE) does not only utilize the routing information that is included in this information sets just to select a transmit port TX1/TX8 of Switching Module to first group of communication information (SETUP), and to the following one by one information sets that belongs to same communication, they are to utilize the information of the route that first group of communication information of above-mentioned first drawn to select their transmit port.
2, the feature according to the packet switching network of claim 1 is, does not saidly utilize the selection of the transmit port (TX1/TX8) of routing information to take place at random.
3, the feature according to the packet switching network of claim 1 is, when said first group of information (SETUP) arrived its terminal point, the path confirmation group (CONFIRM) that includes the address of the used transmit port (TX1/TX8) of first group of information turned back to the originating terminal (IB1/IBN) of this communication so that the routing information (RF) of follow-up group is provided to the latter by this switching network (BSN).
4, be that employed Switching Module is that (BSE) is identical in the first (DN) of this switching network (BSN) and second portion (RN) according to the feature of the packet switching network of claim 1.
5, transmit the packet switching network of routing information (RF) by the Switching Module (BSE) that wherein comprises, said Switching Module is that Xiang connect De And and each all has the receiving port (RX1/RX8) of a plurality of reception aforementioned groupings information and the transmit port (TX1/TX8) of a plurality of transmission aforementioned groupings information; And select a transmission port And that the grouping information that arrives on the receiving port is sent on the aforementioned selected transmit port, it is characterized in that, said Switching Module (BSE) can try to send out a route again and set up information sets (SETUP) so that set up a passage by said switching network (BSN), said route is set up and is included the first information (ABR that sets up the load of traffic that information sets transmission Lu You And constitutes in the communication information groups that will send of continuing thereafter along route in the information sets, MBR) indication, its feature also is, each said Switching Module all contains storage device (ALC, MLC) second information that is used to store the accumulation load of traffic that communication information groups constituted that belongs to the handled communication of this module indicates ， And can determine that whether continue to transmit said route forward sets up information sets according to the situation of first and second load of traffic.
6, the packet switching network according to claim 5 is characterised in that, said first (ABR) and second communication amount load information are represented the cumulative mean load of traffic that the average traffic load that is made of the said communication information groups along said route transmission and the said processed information sets of communicating by letter constitute respectively, its feature is also said the 2nd letter breath And of the first information (ABR) change that the route that each said conversion module (BSE) can both be received according to being contained in is set up in the information sets (SETUP) sets up information sets to the same limiting value of new second information of such gained than determine whether to transmit said route in view of the above than And.
7, the packet switching network according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, indicate the respectively accumulation peak volume load of the peak volume load that constitutes by the communication information groups that said path transmits and processed information sets formation of said first (MBR) and second communication amount load information, its feature also is, each said Switching Module (BSE) can both be set up the first information (MBR) in the information sets and changes said the 2nd letter breath And the new same limiting value of second information that obtains is like this set up information sets than determine whether to transmit said route in view of the above than And according to being contained in received route.
8, according to the packet switching network of claim 6 or 7, it is characterized in that, said Switching Module (BSE) is finished said communication information groups can include the first information (ABR, MBR) along this of path transmission when transmit in said path path removing information sets, and its feature also is, the first information that the path that each said Switching Module can both receive according to being contained in is removed in the information sets changes its storage device (ALC, MLC) said second information in of leaving in.
9, the packet switching network according to claim 6 or 7, it is characterized in that, if a Switching Module (BSE) decision does not transmit said route to next Switching Module and sets up information sets (SETUP), the part that this Switching Module is just set up this path that information sets set up along this route sends one and contains the first information (ABR, MBR) And shows the blockage information group (BLOCKED) that this path gets clogged to the Switching Module of front, the Switching Module of each front can both change storage device (ALC, MLC) second information in of leaving in according to the first information that is contained in the blockage information group then.
10, according to the packet switching network of claim 5, it is perfect gradually by said these Switching Modules when these these routes of Switching Module decision transmission are set up information sets to it is characterized in that said route is set up the routing information (RF) that comprises in the information sets.
11, by the packet switching network of claim 5, it is characterized in that: as claim 1 to 4 the packet switching network realizing, wherein above-mentioned first information group is exactly that information sets (SETUP) is set up in above-mentioned path.
12, by claim 2,9 and 11 the packet switching network, it is characterized in that, to set up information sets (SETUP) be not that the latter selects the transmit port of another this Switching Module randomly so by its a certain transmit port (TX1/TX8) through selecting at random if a Switching Module (BSE) decision transmits a route.
CN87108159A 1986-12-19 1987-12-19 Packet switching network Expired CN1016566B (en)

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BE2/61131A BE905982A (en) 1986-12-19 1986-12-19 PACKET SWITCHING NETWORK.

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ATE74244T1 (en) 1992-04-15
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NO883574L (en) 1988-08-11
US5020052A (en) 1991-05-28

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