CN87103025A - Use the controlled nuclear fusion scheme of laser, magnetic compression, reflection - Google Patents
Use the controlled nuclear fusion scheme of laser, magnetic compression, reflection Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN87103025A CN87103025A CN87103025.XA CN87103025A CN87103025A CN 87103025 A CN87103025 A CN 87103025A CN 87103025 A CN87103025 A CN 87103025A CN 87103025 A CN87103025 A CN 87103025A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- laser
- reaction
- neutron
- reflection
- density
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Plasma Technology (AREA)
- Particle Accelerators (AREA)
Abstract
This programme is at high power laser (10
10～12Watt 10ns) under the condition to the fusionable material effect,, laser-produced plasma is carried out long period constraint (maximum magnetic strength is 82 kilogausss, and maximum current is 1640 kilo-amperes, is about 12 microseconds confinement time) with ' angle shrinks soon ' principle.And use the laser-bounce layer, the thermonuclear reaction that the special reflecting layer of compositions such as ' bent crystal body ' and graphite carries out.The total conversion ratio of nuclear fuel is 1～4%.
Description
This programme belongs to the controlled nuclear fusion field.
Laser has unusual high degeneracy, under the situation of same quantum state, has nearly 10
17Individual photon, the variation of its amount has caused qualitative leap.Show: the first, the high directivity of laser, the brightness height can produce the above high temperature of millions of degree in diameter is the scope of a few percent or ppt millimeter: The 5th, the field intensity of high degeneracy electromagnetic field can be considerably beyond the field intensity of atom, intramolecule Coulomb field, and the interaction of this light laser and material has caused frequency multiplication and many new physical phenomenons such as frequency, difference frequency.(select from Cheng Shouzhu, Jiang Zhishui chief editor's " general physics " the 3rd 336 pages.）
By theory of elementary particles: photon participates in electromagnetic interaction, and lepton also participates in electromagnetic interaction.Their behavior is determined by electromagnetic interaction and weak interaction.The strong interaction particle also participates in electromagnetic interaction and weak interaction.
By above 2 points, illustrate that laser has atom and nuclear forceful electric power magnetic action (and having certain selectivity), thereby make atomic nucleus be in certain ' excited state '.And the particle of strong interaction has been participated in the electromagnetic interaction that is in ' excited state '.Be lepton (D
+, T etc.) nuclear be in certain ' excited state '.
Discuss with another kind of method: when photon (r) frequency was close with the nucleon vibration frequency, photon might form " resonance " with atomic nucleus, thereby makes the atomic nucleus instability.When nucleon-nucleon interaction (collision), might reconfigure and nuclear reaction takes place, emit energy simultaneously and (refer to thermonuclear reaction.) the required r photon of nucleon of this ' excited state ' can produce with laser, ' bremsstrahlung ' of free electron produces, and also can be produced by nuclear reaction itself, also may be derived from by the indirectly-acting of laser.(be the photon that incident has certain frequency, and the photon of reflection may be other frequencies.) these phenomenons ' are ' light nuclear process ', or are ' photonuclear reaction ' what A Kabieerjin (Soviet Union), Zhang Li (China) etc. did in low energy light nuclear process ' one book.
It will be argued that: the thermonuclear reaction under laser action, at first form high-temperature plasma, further absorb luminous energy, produce very big pressure (about 10
8Individual atmospheric pressure), fusionable material is compressed.(can see that potential energy improves, the duration reaches 10ns, and density reaches more than 1,000 times of solid).Further obtain energy (electronics or photon provide) again.Nucleon ' is excited ' and high-speed motion, thermonuclear reaction takes place and expands very fast diffusion.This process, approximately the fastest to the 50ns reaction velocity with 10ns, from 50ns to 100ns and weaken gradually, to stopping reaction.
Because diffusion, limited ' effective collision ' falls sharply, thus cessation reaction, most (more than 90 percent) the nuclear fuel unreacted.Certainly, the various energy of output also seldom.(produce 10
5～7Individual neutron-for 1000 joules pulsed lasers.）
With regard to ' Shiva ' and ' Nova ' laser target shooting device that July nineteen eighty-two, the U.S. announced: power reaches 2 * 10
13Watt, be 10 action time
-10Second, intake reaches several kJ (kilojoule).Though reached ' Lawson's condition ' approximately,, it exists nuclear fuel and transforms low (less than 1%), lasing efficiency low (less than 1%), equipment is huge, costs an arm and a leg.Almost be far from being ' repetition frequency ', can not continue to react again.The energy that produces also is an explosion type, thereby is a kind of reaction that does not have the real economy meaning.All in the world countries nearly all are this analogues.
How to improve the conversion ratio of fusionable material? how certain ' repetition frequency ' appears? this problem is attributed to its speed of expansion of slowing down, and the long period is kept its high density and high temperature, obtains more energy output.At first the method for usefulness is study for a long period of time " plasma physics and controlled thermonuclear reactions of people.”
" plasma physics " that " plasma physics and the controlled thermonuclear reaction problem " compiled in Soviet Union academy of sciences Institute for Atomic Research Deng the theory that exsomatizes and method and JG Lin Hatuo show, and in the snow Wood scheme of the U.S., and other is about all there being argumentation in document and the data.
Generally speaking: the pressure that is the plasma outside magnetic field shrinks down, thereby produces high temperature (more than millions of degree), high density (10
16～17Individual/cubic centimetre).Time is in microsecond.Thermonuclear reaction neutron number in 60,000 joules angle constriction device only reaches 10
3Individual.In the magnetic compression device about other, the reaction time can reach one second, but density still very low (10
10Individual/cm
3Below), temperature also has only tens electron-volts.Generally speaking, the density of magnetic compression device is very low, reacts also poor far from ' Lawson's condition '.
Above data can be in relevant annual meeting data, find in the international relevant data of meeting, also can be in ' nuclear fusion and plasma physics ' (Atomic Energy Press's publication), " Chinese laser " (publication of Shanghai science tech publishing house), " external laser " (Shanghai scientific and technical literature publishing house), and find in the Chinese and external relevant patent documentation.
Comprehensive above-mentioned situation it will be argued that: at first utilize solid fuel (LiD etc.) (target practice) under the irradiation of strong (100～1000 joules) laser to obtain high density (10
23-25Individual ion/cm
3), the plasma of high-temperature (several ten million degree more than).In the time of the 10th～50nS, carry out thermonuclear reaction.Carry out " magnetic compression " (I at the same time
Maximum=1640 kilo-amperes, B
Maximum=82 kilogausss, the duration reaches 10
-5Second, average density is about 10
18Individual ion/cm
3Thereby, near " Lawson's condition ".
Utilize ' bent crystal body ' (saddle-shape ionic crystal of ferrous carbonate or lime carbonate) again, ' thin film technique ' (non-metal type catoptron of strong reflection laser), and the reflection converging device formed such as graphite, further with luminous energy, neutron energy, the energy of laser, magnetic pressure input and the energy centralization of nuclear reaction are to reaction center (focused spot diameter is about a millimeter), make temperature of reaction can bring up to the 10-100 keV like this, increase ' activation ' (' excited state ') nucleon number, increase collision ' probability ', reaction is accelerated.React approaching or reach " Lawson's condition " (10 thereby make
14Second centimetre
-3).The strong ion flow that utilizes electrode, guiding magnetic field to produce is again drawn, thereby exports partly electric energy, luminous energy (X ray), neutron current.(as synoptic diagram (1)).Description of drawings: 1. laser system; 2. laser container; 3. target; 4. target supports; 5 to 11 coils; 12. anode; 13. reflection horizon and cooling layer; 14 and 15. negative electrodes; 16. coupling head; 17. power-supply system; 18. vacuum system; 19. cooling system; 20. supervisory system.
Reference: " controlled nuclear fusion " that the Atomic Energy Press publishes meeting data in 1974 is selected and compile the 117th page and 143 pages etc.
The purpose of this programme is the neutron yield (about 10 at original independent laser ' target practice '3-7Individual neutron) and the fast neutron yield (about 10 of shrinking of angle7Individual neutron) improves two to seven orders of magnitude on the basis. Simultaneously, can provide the X ray emission, strong ion current emission, neutron source and output is electric energy partly.
The technical application detailed rules and regulations of this programme:
Lasing condition: with three road monopulse neodymium glass laser systems.Every road characteristic of laser: 1.06 microns of wavelength; 4 nanoseconds of pulsewidths (partly); 1～2 nanosecond of rise time; 80 joules of energy; Power 7～20 m. gigawatt (GW)s; Target power output density 10
13～10
14Watt/centimetre
2; 80 microns of focused spot diameters (* 3); Beam divergence angle full-shape＜1 milliradian.Device efficiency～0.04%.Target bulb diameter 0.5MM, purity is the LiD more than 99%, and does the surface with argon gas and handle.Focal position must not surpass ± 10 microns from the target surface, and target supports (φ is 3mm) with the copper bar and regulates.(left figure is the angle of laser and axis and the angle between the laser beam in three road laser such as accompanying drawing (2) orientation incident.Right figure is that the focal spot of three tunnel laser beam is tangent.) the tangent pinwheel position that is mapped to of three focal spots.(D is the target surface monitoring system as accompanying drawing (3) in monitoring; ND
1It is the scintillator neutron detector; ND
2Be BF
2Neutron detector; T is a target; XD
1It is holographic photography; XD
2It is the radiodiagnosis system; B is a magnetic probe.）
Can be with reference to a collection of selected materials of " controlled nuclear fusion " meeting data in 1974 " 117 pages.Compile by the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
The magnetic compression condition: the first main compression single-turn circular coil (8) is by cascaded switch, and (4 * 6 * 3uf) connect with My-50-3 type pulse oil immersion high-voltage capacitor group for transmission board, collector plate.Maximum current is 1500 kilo-amperes, and maximum magnetic field strength is about 70 kilogausss.Single-turn circular coil is made by the forging and pressing copper plate, and is fixed on the section board.Concrete shape, size see that (5,6,7,8,9,10,11 are respectively coil for accompanying drawing (4), (5).Figure (4) left side is vertical sectional side elevation, cross-sectional figure.Figure (5) left side is the horizontal direction sectional side elevation).
Second magnetic compression by six My-5-150 type high-voltage capacitances respectively with high-pressure coaxial cable (RG19/U), bus-tie-in, three sphere gap switches, single-turn circular coil (5,6,7,9,10,11) series connection.Circuit can be with reference to 143 pages to 153 pages of ' controlled nuclear fusion ' meeting data a collection of selected materialss in 1974, two pieces of articles of 154 pages to 164 pages as this device of figure (6) (5～11 is respectively coil).
Reflection unit condition: the first reflection horizon ZnS/MgF
2Or ZnSe/NaAIF
6Multilayer film be plated on ' bent crystal body ', effectively r.m.s. roughness is about 6≤7
, make shape as figure (7).(1. thin film coating; 2. curved crystal layer; 3. graphite linings; 4. layer of lead glass; 5. nylon layer; 6. liquid nitrogen layer) laser reflectivity reaches more than 90%, and the center focused spot diameter of converging is 0.5mm.
Second layer thickness be 1mm's ' bent crystal body ' (by FeCO
3Or MgCO
3CaCO
3In the saddle-shape crystal of forming).Section is fitted on the graphite reflector, and smooth finish is more than seven grades, and shape is as figure (7).Reflectivity to r-ray, X-ray reaches more than 50%, and the center focal spot of converging is 0.5 millimeter.The 3rd layer is the neutron reflection and the layer that slows down that graphite is formed, and its thickness is 2 millimeters, and shape is as figure (7), and converging focal spot is 0.5 millimeter, and surface smoothness is seven grades.Graphite reflector is attached to the lead glass housing.(thick also is one millimeter).Between two-layer housing, with ' nylon ' bar (section is 2 * 2 millimeters), direct-axis line applying liner, the centre is full of liquid nitrogen, makes cooling medium (or part of heat exchanger).
The negative electrode condition: with stainless steel make the cylindrical shape negative electrode (2.5 centimetres of interior diameters, 2.9 centimetres of overall diameters, long 1 centimetre, first cathode voltage (-) 50KV, relative first negative electrode of second negative electrode is (-) 10KV.The position is as figure (1).Anode is as figure (1) (platinum-plated copper electrode).
Time sequencing control: laser, magnetic compression system (comprising that monitoring system triggers simultaneously).Electrode triggers after being controlled at 10nS with delay loop.
Monitoring system: (diagnostic device is as figure (3)).The measured reaction temperature, neutron number, etc. stripped image, each parameter of X-transmitted intensity and magnetic field intensity, laser itself and each parameter of magnetic compression itself.
Can get 10 behind this device scheme implementation
10Therefore individual neutron can make neutron source, can produce strong X ray emission and strong emission of ions simultaneously.Suitably coil on strong ion flow overcoat can produce the High Voltage electric current.The nuclear fuel conversion ratio can reach 1～4%.
4. after the preceding revisal of the capable revisal of file name page or leaf
2.9 centimetres of instructions 77 overall diameters, 2.9 centimetres of long 1 centimetre of overall diameters, long 0.5 li
Rice, two negative electrodes are at a distance of 1 centimetre.
79 platinum-plated copper electrode platinum-plated copper electrodes.(12 with support mutually
Connection is made anode.）
7 11 electrodes are controlled electrode with delay loop and are controlled at 10 μ S with delay loop
Trigger behind the 10 μ S.Trigger the back
7 17 can produce the High Voltage electric current can produce the high-voltage pulse heavy current
Claims (2)
1, the controlled thermonuclear fusion scheme of application laser, magnetic compression, reflection is a kind of new technical method in the controlled thermonuclear fusion field, it is characterized in that:
(a) thermonuclear reaction of practicing shooting with the pulse laser of 100 to one kJ (kilojoule) has 10
22～25Centimetre
-3High density and 100,000,000 the degree high-temperatures, the reaction time is shorter than 100 nanoseconds.At the same time
(b) use the magnetic compression technology, extenuate diminishing of its density, the reduction of temperature.In time, density is 10 in ten microseconds
17Centimetre
-3More than, temperature is 10
9° more than the K.At the same time
(C) use ' bent crystal body ', ZnS/MgF
2Or MgCO
3CaCO
3, the reflection converging device that graphite etc. are formed converges reaction center to the luminous energy of laser, nuclear reaction and neutron, further improves temperature, accelerated reaction speed, again
(D) use electrode and export high-strength ion flow, X-beam, neutron source or electric energy.
(E) overall nuclear fuel conversion ratio is between 1～4%.
2, by the described method of claim (C), its feature:
(F) but reflector laser scattering composition 90%, 50% of r-ray composition, 40% of neutron composition, and converge the center.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN87103025.XA CN1003893B (en) | 1987-08-01 | 1987-08-01 | Controlled nuclear fusion scheme applying laser, magnetic contraction and reflection |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN87103025.XA CN1003893B (en) | 1987-08-01 | 1987-08-01 | Controlled nuclear fusion scheme applying laser, magnetic contraction and reflection |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN87103025A true CN87103025A (en) | 1988-05-11 |
| CN1003893B CN1003893B (en) | 1989-04-12 |
Family
ID=4814234
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN87103025.XA Expired CN1003893B (en) | 1987-08-01 | 1987-08-01 | Controlled nuclear fusion scheme applying laser, magnetic contraction and reflection |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1003893B (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103608868A (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2014-02-26 | 曾宪俊 | Continuous fusion due to energy concentration through focusing of converging fuel particle beams |
| CN105283924A (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2016-01-27 | 巴黎综合理工学院 | Device for magnetising laser plasma by means of a pulsed magnetic field |
| CN106094889A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-11-09 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | A kind of laser-bounce target ball actively self-adaptive regulating |
| CN108877960A (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2018-11-23 | 陈鹏玮 | ICF freezes target assembly and ICF shielding case opening speed best practice |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100338106C (en) * | 2004-09-20 | 2007-09-19 | 乐凯集团第二胶片厂 | Vinyl polymer and light sensitivity lithographic plate containing said polymer |
-
1987
- 1987-08-01 CN CN87103025.XA patent/CN1003893B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103608868A (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2014-02-26 | 曾宪俊 | Continuous fusion due to energy concentration through focusing of converging fuel particle beams |
| CN103608868B (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2017-06-06 | 曾宪俊 | By the continuation fusion produced in the fuel pellet beamlet enable quantity set for focusing on convergence |
| US10643753B2 (en) | 2011-06-10 | 2020-05-05 | Xian-Jun Zheng | Hollow particle beam emitter |
| CN105283924A (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2016-01-27 | 巴黎综合理工学院 | Device for magnetising laser plasma by means of a pulsed magnetic field |
| CN105283924B (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2017-10-03 | 巴黎综合理工学院 | Device for magnetizing laser plasma using pulsed magnetic field |
| CN106094889A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-11-09 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | A kind of laser-bounce target ball actively self-adaptive regulating |
| CN106094889B (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2023-07-14 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Active self-adaptive adjusting device for laser reflection target ball |
| CN108877960A (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2018-11-23 | 陈鹏玮 | ICF freezes target assembly and ICF shielding case opening speed best practice |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1003893B (en) | 1989-04-12 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Roth et al. | Fast ignition by intense laser-accelerated proton beams | |
| Kaplan et al. | Lasetron: a proposed source of powerful nuclear-time-scale electromagnetic bursts | |
| US5848110A (en) | Method and apparatus for transmutation of atomic nuclei | |
| CN87103025A (en) | Use the controlled nuclear fusion scheme of laser, magnetic compression, reflection | |
| Solodov et al. | Integrated simulations of implosion, electron transport, and heating for direct-drive fast-ignition targets | |
| Hora | Difference between relativistic petawatt-picosecond laser-plasma interaction and subrelativistic plasma-block generation | |
| Bychenkov et al. | Pion production under the action of intense ultrashort laser pulse on a solid target | |
| Korneev | Magnetized plasma structures in laser-irradiated curved targets | |
| Lu et al. | Effect of laser polarization on the electron dynamics and photon emission in near-critical-density plasmas | |
| HU203165B (en) | Macroscopic laser, further method for getting boson beam, as well as equipment and method for obtaining energy by means of nuclear fusion | |
| CN101154475A (en) | Method for producing radionuclide | |
| Yu et al. | Electron acceleration and high-order harmonic generation by an intense short pulse laser in a magnetic field | |
| Petrov et al. | Neutron production from high-intensity laser–cluster induced fusion reactions | |
| Limpouch et al. | Laser ion acceleration: from present to intensities achievable at ELI-Beamlines | |
| Zhang et al. | Simulation analysis of a pulsed compact FLTD system for large-area hard X-ray sources | |
| CN113543447B (en) | Middle-micro sub-beam generating device based on laser accelerator | |
| RU2400005C1 (en) | Method of creating current-conducting channels in non-conducting medium | |
| Gribkov et al. | Physical processes of the interaction of ion and plasma streams with a target surface in a dense plasma focus device | |
| Schwarzschild | ATA: 10‐kA pulses of 50‐MeV electrons | |
| Nagamine | Neutrino advanced generation with accelerated muon for inside-nature of the earth | |
| Ramirez et al. | Pulsed power applications to intense neutron source development | |
| Ke et al. | Polarization-dependent fast-electron emission in high-temporal-contrast femtosecond laser plasmas | |
| Jabłoński et al. | Generation of high-energy ion bunches via laser-induced cavity pressure acceleration at ultra-high laser intensities | |
| CN115565711A (en) | Preparation method of monoenergetic high-energy gamma source | |
| Pozwolski | A linear accelerator of lanthanum hexaboride particles for impact fusion |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C13 | Decision | ||
| GR02 | Examined patent application | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |